{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1974054066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2012.2209130","title":"Observe, Learn, and Adapt (OLA)\u2014An Algorithm for Energy Management in Smart Homes Using Wireless Sensors and Artificial Intelligence","display_name":"Observe, Learn, and Adapt (OLA)\u2014An Algorithm for Energy Management in Smart Homes Using Wireless Sensors and Artificial Intelligence","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1974054066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2012.2209130","mag":"1974054066"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2012.2209130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2012.2209130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014610847","display_name":"Blerim Qela","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9374425","display_name":"Ottawa University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jscf286","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9374425"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blerim Qela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ONT, Canada","Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci., Univ. of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931","https://openalex.org/I9374425"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci., Univ. of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055542851","display_name":"Hussein T. Mouftah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7939-7212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9374425","display_name":"Ottawa University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jscf286","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9374425"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hussein T. Mouftah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ONT, Canada","Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci., Univ. of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931","https://openalex.org/I9374425"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci., Univ. of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95430652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"4","first_page":"2262","last_page":"2272"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.5901406407356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.5743264555931091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5513864159584045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5447807908058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-automation","display_name":"Home automation","score":0.5358651280403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.5275048017501831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.5239251255989075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management-system","display_name":"Energy management system","score":0.48059603571891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermostat","display_name":"Thermostat","score":0.4664774537086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.46530988812446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4115731716156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.39357757568359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3632810711860657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.35418349504470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34935322403907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13831034302711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1342397928237915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.5901406407356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.5743264555931091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5513864159584045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5447807908058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C507571656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848436","display_name":"Home automation","level":2,"score":0.5358651280403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.5275048017501831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.5239251255989075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.48059603571891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187819001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187665","display_name":"Thermostat","level":2,"score":0.4664774537086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.46530988812446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4115731716156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.39357757568359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3632810711860657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.35418349504470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34935322403907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13831034302711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1342397928237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2012.2209130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2012.2209130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580502230","https://openalex.org/W1927045098","https://openalex.org/W1964099397","https://openalex.org/W1967011375","https://openalex.org/W1995002685","https://openalex.org/W2012611887","https://openalex.org/W2016100278","https://openalex.org/W2022961367","https://openalex.org/W2081751026","https://openalex.org/W2100348584","https://openalex.org/W2109347872","https://openalex.org/W2135063951","https://openalex.org/W2143745589","https://openalex.org/W2149259182","https://openalex.org/W2154662861","https://openalex.org/W2255012959","https://openalex.org/W2534752816","https://openalex.org/W3148567433","https://openalex.org/W6671078064","https://openalex.org/W6692233710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3138829034","https://openalex.org/W2023346859","https://openalex.org/W2158231172","https://openalex.org/W1994869899","https://openalex.org/W2356819012","https://openalex.org/W3166978172","https://openalex.org/W2138727143","https://openalex.org/W2467417738","https://openalex.org/W2766674746","https://openalex.org/W2529078127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59,68,132],"need":[1],"for":[2,32,101,200],"energy":[3,103,147,192],"efficient":[4],"and":[5,18,38,71,84,105,115,126,145,156,166,182,194,208],"intelligent":[6,36],"systemic":[7],"solutions,":[8],"has":[9],"lead":[10],"many":[11],"researchers":[12],"around":[13],"the":[14,20,33,52,63,77,89,129,161,178,185,201],"world":[15],"to":[16,25,95,122,137,143,191],"investigate":[17],"evaluate":[19],"existing":[21],"technologies":[22],"in":[23,41,107,124,183],"order":[24],"create":[26],"solutions":[27],"that":[28],"would":[29],"be":[30],"adopted":[31],"near":[34],"future":[35],"homes":[37],"buildings,":[39],"aiding":[40],"smart":[42,108],"grid":[43],"initiatives.":[44],"In":[45,158],"this":[46,159],"paper":[47],"an":[48,118],"algorithm":[49,61,74],"based":[50],"on":[51],"adaptable":[53,64],"learning":[54,65,165],"system":[55,66,120,187],"principles":[56],"is":[57,76,136],"presented.":[58],"proposed":[60,75],"utilizes":[62],"concepts.":[67],"Observe,":[69],"Learn,":[70],"Adapt":[72],"(OLA)":[73],"result":[78,176],"of":[79,81,128,134,164,168,177],"integration":[80],"wireless":[82],"sensors":[83],"artificial":[85],"intelligence":[86,94],"concepts":[87],"towards":[88],"same":[90],"objective:":[91],"adding":[92],"more":[93],"a":[96,141,169,175,212],"programmable":[97],"communicating":[98],"thermostat":[99],"(PCT),":[100],"better":[102],"management":[104],"conservation":[106],"homes.":[109],"A":[110],"house":[111],"simulator":[112],"was":[113],"developed":[114],"used":[116],"as":[117,174],"\u201cexpert":[119],"shell\u201d":[121],"assist":[123],"implementation":[125],"verification":[127],"OLA":[130,207],"algorithm.":[131],"role":[133],"PCT":[135,170],"provide":[138],"consumer":[139],"with":[140,172,189,206],"means":[142],"manage":[144],"reduce":[146],"use,":[148],"while":[149],"accommodating":[150],"their":[151],"every":[152],"day":[153],"schedules,":[154],"preferences":[155],"needs.":[157],"paper,":[160],"actual":[162],"results":[163],"adaptability":[167],"equipped":[171,205],"OLA,":[173],"occupant's":[179],"pattern/schedule":[180],"changes,":[181],"general,":[184],"overall":[186],"improvements":[188],"respect":[190],"consumption":[193],"savings":[195],"are":[196],"demonstrated":[197],"via":[198],"simulation":[199],"zone":[202,215],"controlled":[203],"home":[204,213],"Knowledge":[209,217],"Base,":[210],"versus":[211],"without":[214],"control,":[216],"Base":[218],"nor":[219],"OLA.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
