{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414988662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2025.3612888","title":"Manifestations of Empathy in Software Engineering: How, Why, and When It Matters","display_name":"Manifestations of Empathy in Software Engineering: How, Why, and When It Matters","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414988662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2025.3612888"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2025.3612888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2025.3612888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048707495","display_name":"Hashini Gunatilake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4823-0214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hashini Gunatilake","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4823-0214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082913979","display_name":"John Grundy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4928-7076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Grundy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4928-7076","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036986396","display_name":"Rashina Hoda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-8096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashina Hoda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-8096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of IT, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055934866","display_name":"Ingo Mueller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2240-712X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121067","display_name":"Monash Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02t1bej08","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121067"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingo Mueller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","Monash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2240-712X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9565,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9061922,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"12","first_page":"3346","last_page":"3359"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.910099983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.910099983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathy","display_name":"Empathy","score":0.9836999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation-theory-of-empathy","display_name":"Simulation theory of empathy","score":0.4302000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.38029998540878296}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.9836999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4684999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190264587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861691","display_name":"Simulation theory of empathy","level":3,"score":0.4302000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4255000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3544999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.25529998540878296}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2025.3612888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2025.3612888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4490389310","display_name":"Human-centric Model-driven Software Engineering","funder_award_id":"FL190100035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974219316","https://openalex.org/W1976739040","https://openalex.org/W1980083892","https://openalex.org/W2005077729","https://openalex.org/W2007888523","https://openalex.org/W2027508313","https://openalex.org/W2044052463","https://openalex.org/W2060245928","https://openalex.org/W2063299275","https://openalex.org/W2080300746","https://openalex.org/W2099452692","https://openalex.org/W2102489151","https://openalex.org/W2106249409","https://openalex.org/W2107231193","https://openalex.org/W2113929747","https://openalex.org/W2122840102","https://openalex.org/W2129203575","https://openalex.org/W2141896918","https://openalex.org/W2183877333","https://openalex.org/W2293623849","https://openalex.org/W2325035506","https://openalex.org/W2407208610","https://openalex.org/W2462110559","https://openalex.org/W2530816194","https://openalex.org/W2577351133","https://openalex.org/W2770116496","https://openalex.org/W2800757353","https://openalex.org/W2899799780","https://openalex.org/W2906913181","https://openalex.org/W2983462043","https://openalex.org/W3018677914","https://openalex.org/W3026224670","https://openalex.org/W3037778009","https://openalex.org/W3112477757","https://openalex.org/W3141666254","https://openalex.org/W3171127301","https://openalex.org/W4283735544","https://openalex.org/W4313591470","https://openalex.org/W4360618378","https://openalex.org/W4376113505","https://openalex.org/W4380361656","https://openalex.org/W4385903252","https://openalex.org/W4387006825","https://openalex.org/W4391145674","https://openalex.org/W4392940240","https://openalex.org/W4399512847","https://openalex.org/W4401719289","https://openalex.org/W4402526339","https://openalex.org/W4408463271","https://openalex.org/W4411233895","https://openalex.org/W4412152791","https://openalex.org/W4414277184"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Empathy":[0],"plays":[1],"a":[2,61,115],"crucial":[3],"role":[4],"in":[5,23,33,49,78],"software":[6,67],"engineering":[7],"(SE),":[8],"influencing":[9],"collaboration,":[10],"communication,":[11],"and":[12,43,60,96,112],"decision-making.":[13],"While":[14],"prior":[15],"research":[16],"has":[17],"highlighted":[18],"the":[19,44,74,80,97],"importance":[20],"of":[21,29,76,118],"empathy":[22,31,48,77,88,123],"SE,":[24,79],"there":[25],"is":[26,89],"limited":[27],"understanding":[28,117],"how":[30,119],"manifests":[32],"SE":[34,38,50,85,110,125],"practice,":[35],"what":[36],"motivates":[37],"practitioners":[39,111],"to":[40,120],"demonstrate":[41],"empathy,":[42],"factors":[45,99],"that":[46,100],"influence":[47,101],"work.":[51],"Our":[52,69],"study":[53],"explores":[54],"these":[55],"aspects":[56],"through":[57],"22":[58],"interviews":[59],"large":[62],"scale":[63],"survey":[64],"with":[65],"116":[66],"practitioners.":[68],"findings":[70],"provide":[71],"insights":[72],"into":[73,124],"expression":[75],"drivers":[81],"behind":[82],"empathetic":[83],"practices,":[84],"activities":[86],"where":[87],"perceived":[90],"as":[91],"useful":[92],"or":[93],"less":[94],"relevant,":[95],"other":[98],"empathy.":[102],"In":[103],"addition,":[104],"we":[105],"offer":[106],"practical":[107],"implications":[108],"for":[109],"researchers,":[113],"offering":[114],"deeper":[116],"effectively":[121],"integrate":[122],"processes.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}