{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392121835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2024.3366753","title":"Factoring Expertise, Workload, and Turnover Into Code Review Recommendation","display_name":"Factoring Expertise, Workload, and Turnover Into Code Review Recommendation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392121835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2024.3366753"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2024.3366753","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2024.3366753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093625690","display_name":"Fahimeh Hajari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8401-7581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fahimeh Hajari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8401-7581","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014987573","display_name":"Samaneh Malmir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4323-9868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samaneh Malmir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4323-9868","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085929014","display_name":"Ehsan Mirsaeedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1964-3342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Mirsaeedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1964-3342","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020289098","display_name":"Peter C. Rigby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1137-4297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter C. Rigby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1137-4297","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4693,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9732684,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"4","first_page":"884","last_page":"899"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8578665256500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factoring","display_name":"Factoring","score":0.7734955549240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.7056750655174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5071215629577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4659584164619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4187094569206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.374102920293808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.33103060722351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accounting","display_name":"Accounting","score":0.08470365405082703}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8578665256500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177225278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192674","display_name":"Factoring","level":2,"score":0.7734955549240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.7056750655174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5071215629577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4659584164619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4187094569206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.374102920293808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.33103060722351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.08470365405082703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2024.3366753","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2024.3366753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W156578896","https://openalex.org/W1260576311","https://openalex.org/W1576040511","https://openalex.org/W1972386298","https://openalex.org/W1982335236","https://openalex.org/W1998900885","https://openalex.org/W2008946935","https://openalex.org/W2009199809","https://openalex.org/W2019257047","https://openalex.org/W2024244171","https://openalex.org/W2036487649","https://openalex.org/W2040898268","https://openalex.org/W2070321219","https://openalex.org/W2076279155","https://openalex.org/W2082638814","https://openalex.org/W2093125667","https://openalex.org/W2099332975","https://openalex.org/W2100442534","https://openalex.org/W2101503248","https://openalex.org/W2116484544","https://openalex.org/W2139092060","https://openalex.org/W2145574830","https://openalex.org/W2145890718","https://openalex.org/W2148854374","https://openalex.org/W2154236932","https://openalex.org/W2157071571","https://openalex.org/W2161407365","https://openalex.org/W2162541525","https://openalex.org/W2169232226","https://openalex.org/W2288177242","https://openalex.org/W2344367508","https://openalex.org/W2348249338","https://openalex.org/W2360973814","https://openalex.org/W2374812233","https://openalex.org/W2413171555","https://openalex.org/W2528049652","https://openalex.org/W2543971965","https://openalex.org/W2727347990","https://openalex.org/W2735681515","https://openalex.org/W2753643831","https://openalex.org/W2767247175","https://openalex.org/W2808429234","https://openalex.org/W2892329723","https://openalex.org/W2959310500","https://openalex.org/W2962971223","https://openalex.org/W3028200206","https://openalex.org/W3082955277","https://openalex.org/W3083624967","https://openalex.org/W3091115553","https://openalex.org/W3103880005","https://openalex.org/W3109504448","https://openalex.org/W3122125999","https://openalex.org/W3124630873","https://openalex.org/W4205513494","https://openalex.org/W4235786747","https://openalex.org/W4246032972","https://openalex.org/W4250195981","https://openalex.org/W4284708678","https://openalex.org/W4286379688","https://openalex.org/W4308643073","https://openalex.org/W4308643125","https://openalex.org/W4312475219","https://openalex.org/W4390438205","https://openalex.org/W6628296968","https://openalex.org/W6720021785","https://openalex.org/W6725620898","https://openalex.org/W6727899430","https://openalex.org/W6839209796","https://openalex.org/W6860212194","https://openalex.org/W6948017354"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377710379","https://openalex.org/W2947911821","https://openalex.org/W2393473966","https://openalex.org/W2260256814","https://openalex.org/W2944757884","https://openalex.org/W2997214518","https://openalex.org/W2963853167","https://openalex.org/W2366592368","https://openalex.org/W2594575493","https://openalex.org/W2056396287"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Developer":[0],"turnover":[1,26,51],"is":[2,77,86,282],"inevitable":[3],"on":[4,121,176,181,284,340],"software":[5],"projects":[6,299],"and":[7,16,30,49,70,113,132,213,227,314,324],"leads":[8],"to":[9,23,28,62,103,117,137,147,150,210,222,291,294,305,351],"knowledge":[10,48,74,96,180,192,281],"loss,":[11],"a":[12,182,335],"reduction":[13],"in":[14,19,79,218,327],"productivity,":[15],"an":[17,216],"increase":[18,31,217,307],"defects.":[20],"Mitigation":[21],"strategies":[22],"deal":[24],"with":[25,260],"tend":[27],"disrupt":[29],"workloads":[32],"for":[33,164,334],"developers.":[34],"In":[35,278],"this":[36],"work,":[37,197],"we":[38,45,89,107,214,254,300,302],"suggest":[39],"that":[40,76,91,169,172,199,205,232,257],"through":[41],"code":[42,80,92,110],"review":[43,56,68,84,93,111,230,263,271,290],"recommendation":[44],"can":[46,332],"distribute":[47],"mitigate":[50],"while":[52],"more":[53],"evenly":[54],"distributing":[55],"workload.":[57],"We":[58,167,224,320],"conduct":[59],"historical":[60],"analyses":[61],"understand":[63,118],"the":[64,71,99,122,128,133,152,156,189,211,239,247,268,289,298,316,341,354],"natural":[65,94],"concentration":[66],"of":[67,73,124,130,145,159,185,191,241,267,343],"workload":[69,85,129,264,312],"degree":[72],"spreading":[75],"inherent":[78],"review.":[81],"Even":[82],"though":[83],"highly":[87],"concentrated,":[88],"show":[90],"spreads":[95],"thereby":[97],"reducing":[98,238],"files":[100,134,219,269,317],"at":[101,135,220,237,318],"risk":[102,136,190,221,240],"turnover.":[104,138,195,223],"Using":[105],"simulation,":[106],"evaluate":[108],"existing":[109],"recommenders":[112,116,154,231],"develop":[114,255],"novel":[115],"their":[119,344],"impact":[120],"level":[123],"expertise":[125,249,308],"during":[126,250,309],"review,":[127],"reviewers,":[131],"Our":[139],"simulations":[140],"use":[141,347],"seeded":[142],"random":[143],"replacement":[144],"reviewers":[146,161,174,293],"allow":[148],"us":[149],"compare":[151],"reviewer":[153],"without":[155],"confounding":[157],"variation":[158],"different":[160],"being":[162],"replaced":[163],"each":[165],"recommender.":[166],"find":[168],"prior":[170],"work":[171],"assigns":[173,203],"based":[175,339],"file":[177],"ownership":[178],"concentrates":[179],"small":[183],"group":[184],"core":[186],"developers":[187,204],"increasing":[188],"loss":[193],"from":[194],"Recent":[196],"WhoDo,":[198],"considers":[200],"developer":[201],"workload,":[202],"are":[206,235,272,303],"not":[207],"sufficiently":[208],"committed":[209],"project":[212],"see":[215],"propose":[225],"learning":[226],"retention":[228],"aware":[229],"when":[233,265,280],"combined":[234],"effective":[236],"turnover,":[242],"but":[243],"they":[244],"unacceptably":[245],"reduce":[246,311,315],"overall":[248],"reviews.":[251],"Combining":[252],"recommenders,":[253],"theSofiaWLrecommender":[256],"suggests":[258],"experts":[259],"low":[261],"active":[262],"none":[266],"under":[270],"known":[273],"by":[274],"only":[275],"one":[276,285],"developer.":[277],"contrast,":[279],"concentrated":[283],"developer,":[286],"it":[287],"sends":[288],"other":[292],"spread":[295],"knowledge.":[296],"For":[297],"study,":[301],"able":[304],"globally":[306],"reviews,$+3$%,":[310],"concentration,$-12$%,":[313],"risk,$-28$%.":[319],"make":[321],"our":[322,328,348],"scripts":[323],"data":[325],"available":[326],"replication":[329],"package[1].":[330],"Developers":[331],"optimize":[333],"particular":[336],"outcome":[337],"measure":[338],"needs":[342],"project,":[345],"or":[346],"GitHub":[349],"bot":[350],"automatically":[352],"balance":[353],"outcomes[2].":[355]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
