{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386825342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2023.3313875","title":"A Grounded Theory of Cross-Community SECOs: Feedback Diversity Versus Synchronization","display_name":"A Grounded Theory of Cross-Community SECOs: Feedback Diversity Versus Synchronization","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386825342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2023.3313875"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2023.3313875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tse.2023.3313875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005515943","display_name":"Armstrong Foundjem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-1938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armstrong Foundjem","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-1938","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049612727","display_name":"Ellis E. Eghan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-9173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133771110","display_name":"University of Cape Coast","ror":"https://ror.org/0492nfe34","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133771110"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ellis E. Eghan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Central Region, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-9173","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Central Region, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133771110"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058164381","display_name":"Bram Adams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7213-4006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bram Adams","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7213-4006","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2331,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84394738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"10","first_page":"4731","last_page":"4750"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grounded-theory","display_name":"Grounded theory","score":0.7381340861320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6950240135192871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5224370360374451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.4706539213657379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terabyte","display_name":"Terabyte","score":0.46564802527427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upstream","display_name":"Upstream (networking)","score":0.43340668082237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3960006535053253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.35191333293914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.21883809566497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.16481304168701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1024533212184906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.09459555149078369}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.7381340861320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6950240135192871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5224370360374451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.4706539213657379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199683683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799","display_name":"Terabyte","level":2,"score":0.46564802527427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191172861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7899321","display_name":"Upstream (networking)","level":2,"score":0.43340668082237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3960006535053253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.35191333293914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.21883809566497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.16481304168701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1024533212184906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.09459555149078369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2023.3313875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tse.2023.3313875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55289866","https://openalex.org/W1501634364","https://openalex.org/W1515587369","https://openalex.org/W1564623840","https://openalex.org/W1603550197","https://openalex.org/W1607675442","https://openalex.org/W1969657187","https://openalex.org/W1981422696","https://openalex.org/W1985892950","https://openalex.org/W1990566545","https://openalex.org/W2017640396","https://openalex.org/W2017677078","https://openalex.org/W2048468623","https://openalex.org/W2049217144","https://openalex.org/W2054211823","https://openalex.org/W2076279155","https://openalex.org/W2094462028","https://openalex.org/W2110986222","https://openalex.org/W2116054015","https://openalex.org/W2122041620","https://openalex.org/W2132022337","https://openalex.org/W2146503100","https://openalex.org/W2152845748","https://openalex.org/W2153679654","https://openalex.org/W2158744032","https://openalex.org/W2170746141","https://openalex.org/W2329223578","https://openalex.org/W2529881162","https://openalex.org/W2548749170","https://openalex.org/W2560439977","https://openalex.org/W2562609496","https://openalex.org/W2572972599","https://openalex.org/W2609428401","https://openalex.org/W2616591171","https://openalex.org/W2618269984","https://openalex.org/W2620044036","https://openalex.org/W2770360838","https://openalex.org/W2792680799","https://openalex.org/W2794467918","https://openalex.org/W2794694213","https://openalex.org/W2794967409","https://openalex.org/W2809006032","https://openalex.org/W2811269817","https://openalex.org/W2886462128","https://openalex.org/W2890145845","https://openalex.org/W2890845033","https://openalex.org/W2893870016","https://openalex.org/W2898686484","https://openalex.org/W2902324490","https://openalex.org/W2911612754","https://openalex.org/W2940888766","https://openalex.org/W2950627632","https://openalex.org/W2962426767","https://openalex.org/W2969725648","https://openalex.org/W2981180236","https://openalex.org/W2983995785","https://openalex.org/W2991726237","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3022364011","https://openalex.org/W3022607203","https://openalex.org/W3026216774","https://openalex.org/W3063395743","https://openalex.org/W3083459739","https://openalex.org/W3088417404","https://openalex.org/W3088646574","https://openalex.org/W3089499961","https://openalex.org/W3089713807","https://openalex.org/W3094928326","https://openalex.org/W3108239695","https://openalex.org/W3118624641","https://openalex.org/W3125581065","https://openalex.org/W3127194576","https://openalex.org/W3137668562","https://openalex.org/W3141666254","https://openalex.org/W3162732694","https://openalex.org/W3168498941","https://openalex.org/W3194991354","https://openalex.org/W3208135512","https://openalex.org/W4206955472","https://openalex.org/W4213334784","https://openalex.org/W4220832516","https://openalex.org/W4232212779","https://openalex.org/W4246444213","https://openalex.org/W4283068924","https://openalex.org/W4292966126","https://openalex.org/W4293146358","https://openalex.org/W4308643130","https://openalex.org/W4309333277","https://openalex.org/W4312091601","https://openalex.org/W4312408032","https://openalex.org/W4312674026","https://openalex.org/W4323569110","https://openalex.org/W6602227135","https://openalex.org/W6676770334","https://openalex.org/W6679191575","https://openalex.org/W6684133324","https://openalex.org/W6746389694","https://openalex.org/W6765666711","https://openalex.org/W6847907172","https://openalex.org/W6982253728","https://openalex.org/W7039647642"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976914335","https://openalex.org/W2066858118","https://openalex.org/W2134017072","https://openalex.org/W2915208987","https://openalex.org/W1940452713","https://openalex.org/W2152256925","https://openalex.org/W1994777790","https://openalex.org/W2005567565","https://openalex.org/W2806040249","https://openalex.org/W848768768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"their":[1],"proliferation,":[2],"growing":[3],"sustainable":[4],"software":[5],"ecosystems":[6],"(SECOs)":[7],"remains":[8],"a":[9,43,87,236,265],"substantial":[10],"challenge.":[11],"One":[12],"approach":[13],"to":[14,96,101,158,183,270],"mitigate":[15],"this":[16],"challenge":[17],"is":[18],"by":[19],"collecting":[20],"and":[21,27,60,91,117,126,145,171,221],"integrating":[22],"feedback":[23,115,122,154,188,246,269,280],"from":[24,82],"distributors":[25],"(distros)":[26],"end-users":[28],"of":[29,46,55,72,121,130,140,187,203,209,211,215,218,223,230,245,257,268],"the":[30,50,56,127,137,141,185,190,201,204,207,271],"SECO":[31,35,205,272],"releases":[32],"into":[33,111],"future":[34],"releases,":[36],"tools,":[37],"or":[38],"policies.":[39],"This":[40],"paper":[41],"performs":[42],"socio-technical":[44,78],"analysis":[45,182],"cross-community":[47,103,131],"collaboration":[48],"in":[49,189,206,235,247,254,263,278],"OpenStack":[51,58,149,191],"SECO,":[52,237],"which":[53],"consists":[54],"upstream":[57],"project":[59],"21":[61,148],"distribution":[62],"(distro)":[63],"communities.":[64],"First,":[65],"we":[66,176,227],"followed":[67],"Masood":[68],"et":[69],"al.'s":[70],"adaptation":[71],"Strauss-Corbinian":[73],"grounded":[74],"theory":[75,106],"methodology":[76],"for":[77],"contexts":[79],"on":[80],"data":[81],"an":[83],"open-ended":[84],"unstructured":[85],"interview,":[86],"survey,":[88],"focus":[89],"groups,":[90],"384":[92],"mailing":[93,162],"list":[94,163],"threads":[95],"investigate":[97],"how":[98],"SECOs":[99],"manage":[100],"sustain":[102],"collaboration.":[104,132],"Our":[105,193],"has":[107],"15":[108],"constructs":[109],"divided":[110],"four":[112,243],"categories:":[113],"diverse":[114],"types":[116,244],"mechanisms":[118],"(2),":[119,123],"characteristics":[120],"challenges":[124],"(7),":[125],"benefits":[128],"(4)":[129],"We":[133,151],"then":[134],"empirically":[135,152],"study":[136],"salient":[138],"aspects":[139],"theory,":[142],"i.e.,":[143,160],"diversity":[144],"synchronization,":[146],"among":[147],"distros.":[150],"mined":[153],"that":[155,196,260,279],"distros":[156,197,231,240,252],"contribute":[157,198],"upstream,":[159],"140,261":[161],"threads,":[164],"142,914":[165],"bugs":[166,169],"reported,":[167],"65,179":[168],"resolved,":[170],"4,349":[172],"new":[173,212],"features.":[174],"Then,":[175],"use":[177],"influence":[178],"maximization":[179],"social":[180],"network":[181],"model":[184],"synchronization":[186],"SECO.":[192],"results":[194],"suggest":[195],"substantially":[199],"towards":[200],"sustainability":[202],"form":[208],"25.6%":[210],"features,":[213],"30.7%":[214,222],"emails,":[216],"44.3%":[217],"bug":[219,224],"reports,":[220],"fixes.":[225],"Finally,":[226],"found":[228],"evidence":[229],"playing":[232],"different":[233],"roles":[234],"with":[238],"nine":[239],"contributing":[241],"all":[242],"equal":[248],"proportions,":[249],"while":[250],"12":[251],"specialize":[253],"one":[255],"type":[256,267],"feedback.":[258],"Distros":[259],"are":[261,274],"influential":[262],"propagating":[264],"given":[266],"community":[273],"not":[275],"necessarily":[276],"specialized":[277],"type.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}