{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313207320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2022.3216879","title":"Leveraging Android Automated Testing to Assist Crowdsourced Testing","display_name":"Leveraging Android Automated Testing to Assist Crowdsourced Testing","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313207320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2022.3216879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2022.3216879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2022.3216879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102748074","display_name":"Xiuting Ge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiuting Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101519109","display_name":"Shengcheng Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4640-8637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengcheng Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075174750","display_name":"Chunrong Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9930-7111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunrong Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020896290","display_name":"Qi Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7700-4099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100775727","display_name":"Zhihong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4226-4915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102748074"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7368,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91850574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"4","first_page":"2318","last_page":"2336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.850145697593689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.7583552598953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.6676893830299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-strategy","display_name":"Test strategy","score":0.564974844455719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manual-testing","display_name":"Manual testing","score":0.5307676196098328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-box-testing","display_name":"White-box testing","score":0.47515130043029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box-testing","display_name":"Black-box testing","score":0.47311803698539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface-testing","display_name":"Graphical user interface testing","score":0.45803287625312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-regression-testing","display_name":"Non-regression testing","score":0.4368270933628082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.43226397037506104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.4300709068775177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-based-testing","display_name":"Model-based testing","score":0.4230739176273346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-testing","display_name":"Software testing","score":0.41449517011642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-performance-testing","display_name":"Software performance testing","score":0.41335758566856384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3445091247558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.3252944350242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.29861560463905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-experience-design","display_name":"User experience design","score":0.27111613750457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.26434481143951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.24560046195983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.1982317566871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.13087767362594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1076093316078186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.850145697593689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.7583552598953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.6676893830299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188598960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705805","display_name":"Test strategy","level":3,"score":0.564974844455719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182122060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6752328","display_name":"Manual testing","level":5,"score":0.5307676196098328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162443782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066228","display_name":"White-box testing","level":5,"score":0.47515130043029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24169984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879969","display_name":"Black-box testing","level":5,"score":0.47311803698539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66153210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5597182","display_name":"Graphical user interface testing","level":4,"score":0.45803287625312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86469151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917415","display_name":"Non-regression testing","level":5,"score":0.4368270933628082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43226397037506104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.4300709068775177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165825675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399743","display_name":"Model-based testing","level":4,"score":0.4230739176273346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984328558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188522","display_name":"Software testing","level":3,"score":0.41449517011642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178059732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1982529","display_name":"Software performance testing","level":5,"score":0.41335758566856384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3445091247558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.3252944350242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.29861560463905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.27111613750457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.26434481143951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.24560046195983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.1982317566871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.13087767362594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1076093316078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149229913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135707","display_name":"User interface design","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2022.3216879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2022.3216879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G484886764","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802171","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5572212565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62141215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8761199042","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W118259468","https://openalex.org/W1530276735","https://openalex.org/W1812630525","https://openalex.org/W2014157887","https://openalex.org/W2018300363","https://openalex.org/W2019471084","https://openalex.org/W2042281163","https://openalex.org/W2075857229","https://openalex.org/W2091646623","https://openalex.org/W2099855131","https://openalex.org/W2122186426","https://openalex.org/W2123260878","https://openalex.org/W2130422196","https://openalex.org/W2151332190","https://openalex.org/W2153150702","https://openalex.org/W2154897437","https://openalex.org/W2163031058","https://openalex.org/W2164170598","https://openalex.org/W2227887088","https://openalex.org/W2285939512","https://openalex.org/W2356780433","https://openalex.org/W2486032082","https://openalex.org/W2515531724","https://openalex.org/W2522186013","https://openalex.org/W2558227674","https://openalex.org/W2622245740","https://openalex.org/W2740742367","https://openalex.org/W2741172216","https://openalex.org/W2744629383","https://openalex.org/W2767785010","https://openalex.org/W2770141444","https://openalex.org/W2784669118","https://openalex.org/W2788433131","https://openalex.org/W2885043017","https://openalex.org/W2886633401","https://openalex.org/W2890086692","https://openalex.org/W2916286502","https://openalex.org/W2946233956","https://openalex.org/W2953471070","https://openalex.org/W2961641872","https://openalex.org/W2976763746","https://openalex.org/W2980683181","https://openalex.org/W2982411487","https://openalex.org/W3000386806","https://openalex.org/W3010791286","https://openalex.org/W3017900088","https://openalex.org/W3032777522","https://openalex.org/W3043587343","https://openalex.org/W3046919285","https://openalex.org/W3081393087","https://openalex.org/W3089623613","https://openalex.org/W3096210725","https://openalex.org/W3102181655","https://openalex.org/W3105402563","https://openalex.org/W3105413283","https://openalex.org/W3160987621","https://openalex.org/W3181963574","https://openalex.org/W4210334834","https://openalex.org/W4221108272","https://openalex.org/W4234590960","https://openalex.org/W4240601173","https://openalex.org/W4243061475","https://openalex.org/W4248361652","https://openalex.org/W4292887282","https://openalex.org/W6644716188","https://openalex.org/W6683910002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197709817","https://openalex.org/W2952740084","https://openalex.org/W2294821682","https://openalex.org/W3098537892","https://openalex.org/W2113385454","https://openalex.org/W2051264696","https://openalex.org/W2767512594","https://openalex.org/W2188910952","https://openalex.org/W2109738291","https://openalex.org/W1992311253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Crowdsourced":[0],"testing":[1,14,24,42,79,112,119,158,178],"is":[2,80],"an":[3,132],"emerging":[4],"trend":[5],"in":[6,177],"mobile":[7,28],"application":[8],"testing.":[9,50,62,128,202],"The":[10,189],"openness":[11],"of":[12,41,48,72,99,214],"crowdsourced":[13,49,61,78,127,201],"provides":[15,162],"a":[16,34,111,157,208],"promising":[17],"way":[18],"to":[19,59,125,174],"conduct":[20],"large-scale":[21],"and":[22,57,93,122,145,170,198],"user-oriented":[23],"scenarios":[25],"on":[26,150,186],"various":[27],"devices,":[29],"while":[30],"it":[31],"also":[32],"brings":[33],"problem,":[35,108],"i.e.,":[36],"crowdworkers":[37,83,176],"with":[38,87],"different":[39],"levels":[40],"experience":[43],"severely":[44],"threaten":[45],"the":[46,70,76,88,100,140,151,163,179,204,212],"quality":[47],"Currently,":[51],"many":[52],"approaches":[53,65],"have":[54],"been":[55],"proposed":[56],"studied":[58],"improve":[60,69,126],"However,":[63],"these":[64],"do":[66,94],"not":[67,95],"fundamentally":[68],"ability":[71],"crowdworkers.":[73],"In":[74],"essence,":[75],"low-quality":[77],"caused":[81],"by":[82,142],"who":[84],"are":[85],"unfamiliar":[86],"App":[89],"Under":[90],"Test":[91],"(AUT)":[92],"know":[96],"which":[97,115],"part":[98],"AUT":[101,141],"should":[102],"be":[103],"tested.":[104],"To":[105],"address":[106],"this":[107],"we":[109],"propose":[110],"assistance":[113,159],"approach,":[114],"leverages":[116],"Android":[117],"automated":[118],"(i.e.,":[120],"dynamic":[121,144],"static":[123,146],"analysis)":[124],"Our":[129],"approach":[130,155,185,195],"constructs":[131],"Annotated":[133],"Window":[134],"Transition":[135],"Graph":[136],"(AWTG)":[137],"model":[138],"for":[139],"merging":[143],"analysis":[147],"results.":[148],"Based":[149],"AWTG":[152],"model,":[153],"our":[154,184,194,215],"implements":[156],"pipeline":[160],"that":[161,193],"test":[164,167,171],"task":[165,168,172],"extraction,":[166],"recommendation,":[169],"guidance":[173],"assist":[175,200],"AUT.":[180],"We":[181],"experimentally":[182],"evaluate":[183],"real-world":[187],"AUTs.":[188],"quantitative":[190],"results":[191,206],"demonstrate":[192],"can":[196],"effectively":[197],"efficiently":[199],"Besides,":[203],"qualitative":[205],"from":[207],"user":[209],"study":[210],"confirm":[211],"usefulness":[213],"approach.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
