{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3197922064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3109842","title":"Any-Horizon Uniform Random Sampling and Enumeration of Constrained Scenarios for Simulation-Based Formal Verification","display_name":"Any-Horizon Uniform Random Sampling and Enumeration of Constrained Scenarios for Simulation-Based Formal Verification","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3197922064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3109842","mag":"3197922064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2021.3109842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3109842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03330","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084753554","display_name":"Toni Mancini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-2170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toni Mancini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-2170","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085357809","display_name":"Igor Melatti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6273-6190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Melatti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6273-6190","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010524910","display_name":"Enrico Tronci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-3119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Tronci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-3119","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5223,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85347268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"10","first_page":"4002","last_page":"4013"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8157777786254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.43462836742401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enumeration","display_name":"Enumeration","score":0.42610281705856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.42600464820861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.4108084440231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12796589732170105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8157777786254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.43462836742401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156340839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2704791","display_name":"Enumeration","level":2,"score":0.42610281705856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42600464820861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.4108084440231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12796589732170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2021.3109842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3109842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.03330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03330","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03330","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1570826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1570826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.03330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03330","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03330","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322510","display_name":"Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76273397","https://openalex.org/W81140875","https://openalex.org/W98354153","https://openalex.org/W125598877","https://openalex.org/W156561816","https://openalex.org/W157143398","https://openalex.org/W175120007","https://openalex.org/W180513329","https://openalex.org/W252848119","https://openalex.org/W322937049","https://openalex.org/W646792496","https://openalex.org/W1484739396","https://openalex.org/W1489725951","https://openalex.org/W1497843565","https://openalex.org/W1558483585","https://openalex.org/W1570024512","https://openalex.org/W1617322827","https://openalex.org/W1740522204","https://openalex.org/W1783413852","https://openalex.org/W1909495822","https://openalex.org/W1965812722","https://openalex.org/W1973317763","https://openalex.org/W1978520001","https://openalex.org/W1979349468","https://openalex.org/W1995862561","https://openalex.org/W1996334746","https://openalex.org/W1998674588","https://openalex.org/W1998798613","https://openalex.org/W1999929714","https://openalex.org/W2002900603","https://openalex.org/W2007072455","https://openalex.org/W2012338934","https://openalex.org/W2031177960","https://openalex.org/W2032189196","https://openalex.org/W2033346794","https://openalex.org/W2038201208","https://openalex.org/W2049399166","https://openalex.org/W2059057465","https://openalex.org/W2064886960","https://openalex.org/W2079045633","https://openalex.org/W2104219811","https://openalex.org/W2113060707","https://openalex.org/W2115803389","https://openalex.org/W2125415493","https://openalex.org/W2126287201","https://openalex.org/W2131399618","https://openalex.org/W2162379766","https://openalex.org/W2168798915","https://openalex.org/W2171491461","https://openalex.org/W2171520043","https://openalex.org/W2172184261","https://openalex.org/W2181321045","https://openalex.org/W2185071254","https://openalex.org/W2248858308","https://openalex.org/W2312067050","https://openalex.org/W2506585881","https://openalex.org/W2566646675","https://openalex.org/W2583964271","https://openalex.org/W2590655739","https://openalex.org/W2604247018","https://openalex.org/W2607220870","https://openalex.org/W2734705105","https://openalex.org/W2735260746","https://openalex.org/W2759208291","https://openalex.org/W2786023444","https://openalex.org/W2810413193","https://openalex.org/W2907780442","https://openalex.org/W2912640545","https://openalex.org/W2913459036","https://openalex.org/W2983045983","https://openalex.org/W2988545412","https://openalex.org/W3100743289","https://openalex.org/W3110784443","https://openalex.org/W3112766335","https://openalex.org/W3122374654","https://openalex.org/W3127904973","https://openalex.org/W4205178436","https://openalex.org/W4214702250","https://openalex.org/W4232840679","https://openalex.org/W4239216443","https://openalex.org/W4241007652","https://openalex.org/W4242741415","https://openalex.org/W4254050426","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301755221","https://openalex.org/W4302621582","https://openalex.org/W6603146186","https://openalex.org/W6786186182"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W108845024","https://openalex.org/W2406961474","https://openalex.org/W4300125793","https://openalex.org/W2578985712","https://openalex.org/W2952598754","https://openalex.org/W3042106073","https://openalex.org/W2143566611","https://openalex.org/W2015462925"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"<italic":[0,15,38,47,51,61,72,79,95,101,113,129,187,203,271,281,291,301,316],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[1,16,39,48,52,62,73,80,96,102,114,130,188,204,272,282,292,302,317],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Model-based</i>":[2],"approaches":[3,173,246,324],"to":[4,112,127,194,207,218,226,237,249,320,325,334],"the":[5,20,56,69,82,110,143,151,155,179,227,240,264,296,348,360],"verification":[6,86,156],"of":[7,19,29,71,154,167,170,181,183,222,239,261,362],"non-terminating":[8],"Cyber-Physical":[9],"Systems":[10],"(CPSs)":[11],"usually":[12],"rely":[13],"on":[14,55,91,263,347],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">numerical":[17],"simulation</i>":[18],"System":[21],"Under":[22],"Verification":[23],"(SUV)":[24],"model":[25,162,336,364],"under":[26],"input":[27,265,297],"scenarios":[28,92,138,192,211,241,266],"possibly":[30],"varying":[31],"duration,":[32],"chosen":[33],"among":[34,139],"those":[35,140],"satisfying":[36,141,295],"given":[37,144,196,258],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">constraints</i>":[40],".":[41],"Such":[42],"constraints":[43,145,262,298],"typically":[44],"stem":[45],"from":[46,68,289,330],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">requirements</i>":[49],"(or":[50],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">assumptions</i>":[53],")":[54,285],"SUV":[57,219],"inputs":[58,184],"and":[59,200,221,338],"its":[60],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">operational":[63],"environment</i>":[64],"as":[65,67,358],"well":[66],"enforcement":[70],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">additional":[74],"conditions</i>":[75],"aiming":[76],"at,":[77],"e.g.,":[78,89,123,158],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">prioritising</i>":[81],"(often":[83],"extremely":[84],"long)":[85],"activity,":[87],"by,":[88],"focusing":[90],"explicitly":[93],"exercising":[94],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">selected</i>":[97],"requirements,":[98],"or":[99,126,310,350],"avoiding":[100],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">vacuity</i>":[103],"in":[104,133,165,178,185,190,232,359],"their":[105],"satisfaction.":[106],"In":[107,252],"this":[108,253],"setting,":[109],"possibility":[111],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">efficiently":[115],"sample":[116],"at":[117,209],"random</i>":[118],"(with":[119,216,224],"a":[120,134,147,195,259,277,344],"known":[121],"distribution,":[122],"uniformly)":[124],"within,":[125],"efficiently":[128],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">enumerate</i>":[131],"(possibly":[132,306],"uniformly":[135],"random":[136,176,308,332],"order)":[137],"all":[142,210,322],"is":[146,356],"key":[148],"enabler":[149],"for":[150],"practical":[152],"viability":[153],"process,":[157],"via":[159],"simulation-based":[160,323],"statistical":[161,335],"checking.":[163,365],"Unfortunately,":[164],"case":[166,234],"non-trivial":[168],"combinations":[169],"constraints,":[171],"iterative":[172,245,352],"like":[174],"Markovian":[175],"walks":[177],"space":[180],"sequences":[182],"general":[186],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">fail</i>":[189],"extracting":[191],"according":[193],"distribution":[197],"(e.g.,":[198],"uniformly),":[199],"can":[201,286,299],"be":[202,250,287,300],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">very":[205],"inefficient</i>":[206],"produce":[208],"that":[212],"are":[213],"both":[214],"legal":[215],"respect":[217,225],"assumptions)":[220],"interest":[223],"additional":[228],"constraints).":[229],"For":[230],"example,":[231],"our":[233],"studies,":[235],"up":[236],"91%":[238],"generated":[242],"using":[243],"such":[244],"would":[247],"need":[248],"neglected.":[251],"article,":[254],"we":[255],"show":[256],"how,":[257],"set":[260],"succinctly":[267],"defined":[268],"by":[269,305],"multiple":[270],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">finite":[273],"memory":[274],"monitors</i>":[275],",":[276,328],"data":[278],"structure":[279],"(":[280],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">scenario":[283],"generator</i>":[284],"synthesised,":[288],"which":[290],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">any-horizon":[293],"scenarios</i>":[294],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">efficiently</i>":[303],"extracted":[304],"uniform)":[307],"sampling":[309],"(randomised)":[311],"enumeration.":[312],"Our":[313],"approach":[314],"enables":[315],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">seamless":[318],"support":[319],"virtually":[321],"CPS":[326],"verification</i>":[327],"ranging":[329],"simple":[331],"testing":[333],"checking":[337],"formal":[339],"(i.e.,":[340],"exhaustive)":[341],"verification,":[342],"when":[343],"suitable":[345],"bound":[346],"horizon":[349,353],"an":[351],"enlargement":[354],"strategy":[355],"defined,":[357],"spirit":[361],"bounded":[363]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T07:44:22.658603","created_date":"2021-09-13T00:00:00"}
