{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3090829210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3092813","title":"Including Everyone, Everywhere: Understanding Opportunities and Challenges of Geographic Gender-Inclusion in OSS","display_name":"Including Everyone, Everywhere: Understanding Opportunities and Challenges of Geographic Gender-Inclusion in OSS","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3090829210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3092813","mag":"3090829210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2021.3092813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3092813","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/728032ed-0f2e-4449-bb27-49880326a070","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027755244","display_name":"Gede Artha Azriadi Prana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3759-5661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gede Artha Azriadi Prana","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3759-5661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002962395","display_name":"Denae Ford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-4335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denae Ford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Analysis and Intelligence, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-4335","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Analysis and Intelligence, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076279316","display_name":"Ayushi Rastogi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0939-6887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayushi Rastogi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0939-6887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081036622","display_name":"David Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-7201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-7201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039037722","display_name":"Rahul Purandare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8677-0601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Purandare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, New Delhi, Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8677-0601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, New Delhi, Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101612061","display_name":"Nachiappan Nagappan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1358-4124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nachiappan Nagappan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Testing, Verification and Measurement Research, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Testing, Verification and Measurement Research, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027755244"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.943,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98591183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"9","first_page":"3394","last_page":"3409"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12478","display_name":"Wikis in Education and Collaboration","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pace","display_name":"Pace","score":0.8283307552337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusion","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","score":0.7827819585800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.6671618223190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source-software","display_name":"Open source software","score":0.5873910188674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5691439509391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-diversity","display_name":"Gender diversity","score":0.5256116390228271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5213550329208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5116918087005615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.4620370864868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4609636962413788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4286268949508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-gap","display_name":"Gender gap","score":0.4215202033519745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.38160544633865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.22583165764808655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.209296315908432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.18630722165107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.1568794548511505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.14302071928977966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-economics","display_name":"Demographic economics","score":0.10041257739067078}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691543","display_name":"Pace","level":2,"score":0.8283307552337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.7827819585800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.6671618223190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988343187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130645","display_name":"Open source software","level":3,"score":0.5873910188674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5691439509391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778397978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501335","display_name":"Gender diversity","level":3,"score":0.5256116390228271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5213550329208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5116918087005615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.4620370864868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4609636962413788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4286268949508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986619947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30103150","display_name":"Gender gap","level":2,"score":0.4215202033519745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.38160544633865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22583165764808655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.209296315908432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.18630722165107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1568794548511505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.14302071928977966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.10041257739067078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2021.3092813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3092813","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/728032ed-0f2e-4449-bb27-49880326a070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/728032ed-0f2e-4449-bb27-49880326a070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Prana, G A A, Ford, D, Rastogi, A, Lo, D, Purandare, R & Nagappan, N 2022, 'Including Everyone, Everywhere : Understanding Opportunities and Challenges of Geographic Gender-Inclusion in OSS', IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 3394-3409. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2021.3092813","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2010.00822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.00822","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.00822","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-8631","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8631&context=sis_research","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196871","display_name":"Institutional Knowledge (InK) - Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2021.3092813","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire_cris_publications/728032ed-0f2e-4449-bb27-49880326a070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11370/728032ed-0f2e-4449-bb27-49880326a070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Prana, G A A, Ford, D, Rastogi, A, Lo, D, Purandare, R & Nagappan, N 2022, 'Including Everyone, Everywhere : Understanding Opportunities and Challenges of Geographic Gender-Inclusion in OSS', IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 3394-3409. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2021.3092813","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/728032ed-0f2e-4449-bb27-49880326a070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/728032ed-0f2e-4449-bb27-49880326a070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Prana, G A A, Ford, D, Rastogi, A, Lo, D, Purandare, R & Nagappan, N 2022, 'Including Everyone, Everywhere : Understanding Opportunities and Challenges of Geographic Gender-Inclusion in OSS', IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 3394-3409. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2021.3092813","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328656","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65801920","https://openalex.org/W647437079","https://openalex.org/W1714723801","https://openalex.org/W1803273808","https://openalex.org/W1902482618","https://openalex.org/W1912151884","https://openalex.org/W1964415670","https://openalex.org/W1970407057","https://openalex.org/W1972978214","https://openalex.org/W1975107026","https://openalex.org/W1975782063","https://openalex.org/W1979778970","https://openalex.org/W1980567103","https://openalex.org/W1981425990","https://openalex.org/W1997322537","https://openalex.org/W2041282815","https://openalex.org/W2053619615","https://openalex.org/W2058718434","https://openalex.org/W2061533417","https://openalex.org/W2069680311","https://openalex.org/W2072601349","https://openalex.org/W2093420197","https://openalex.org/W2096547436","https://openalex.org/W2106628948","https://openalex.org/W2120983913","https://openalex.org/W2140952846","https://openalex.org/W2166838101","https://openalex.org/W2269502639","https://openalex.org/W2277718088","https://openalex.org/W2286368446","https://openalex.org/W2299844149","https://openalex.org/W2368671040","https://openalex.org/W2460169346","https://openalex.org/W2482059860","https://openalex.org/W2538723194","https://openalex.org/W2547709956","https://openalex.org/W2619400223","https://openalex.org/W2727861051","https://openalex.org/W2770043307","https://openalex.org/W2779931473","https://openalex.org/W2789020962","https://openalex.org/W2790507172","https://openalex.org/W2794957215","https://openalex.org/W2795908329","https://openalex.org/W2800097182","https://openalex.org/W2800701210","https://openalex.org/W2805728132","https://openalex.org/W2808155935","https://openalex.org/W2809386287","https://openalex.org/W2883284975","https://openalex.org/W2888846577","https://openalex.org/W2891617032","https://openalex.org/W2891728317","https://openalex.org/W2894675580","https://openalex.org/W2898549078","https://openalex.org/W2899136066","https://openalex.org/W2909788542","https://openalex.org/W2915114672","https://openalex.org/W2930858721","https://openalex.org/W2944940285","https://openalex.org/W2953212509","https://openalex.org/W2953428551","https://openalex.org/W2955099253","https://openalex.org/W2955821506","https://openalex.org/W2963889172","https://openalex.org/W2972114526","https://openalex.org/W2980778608","https://openalex.org/W2981836905","https://openalex.org/W2989559897","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3013171296","https://openalex.org/W3093530664","https://openalex.org/W3093675699","https://openalex.org/W3103145119","https://openalex.org/W3104271200","https://openalex.org/W3124072882","https://openalex.org/W3163812320","https://openalex.org/W3208654074","https://openalex.org/W4230965853","https://openalex.org/W4238011405","https://openalex.org/W4239657535","https://openalex.org/W4244402968","https://openalex.org/W4249871961","https://openalex.org/W4287370199","https://openalex.org/W4294566287","https://openalex.org/W4300529352","https://openalex.org/W6693952917","https://openalex.org/W6802874029","https://openalex.org/W6922568069"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386723501","https://openalex.org/W2387879414","https://openalex.org/W2390304029","https://openalex.org/W2354923724","https://openalex.org/W2146830340","https://openalex.org/W2377101853","https://openalex.org/W2362180844","https://openalex.org/W2105573916","https://openalex.org/W2378405797","https://openalex.org/W1692567514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"gender":[1,23,67,79,130],"gap":[2],"is":[3,54,117,132],"a":[4,62,114],"significant":[5,151],"concern":[6],"facing":[7],"the":[8,12,45,104,138],"software":[9,53,223],"industry":[10],"as":[11,162,197],"development":[13],"becomes":[14],"more":[15,202],"geographically":[16],"distributed.":[17],"Widely":[18],"shared":[19,189],"reports":[20,36],"indicate":[21,128],"that":[22,116,129,171,216],"differences":[24,77],"may":[25],"be":[26,37],"specific":[27],"to":[28,40,96,110,120,176,182,199],"each":[29],"region.":[30],"However,":[31,146],"how":[32,198],"complete":[33],"can":[34,217],"these":[35,88,111,207],"with":[38,140,158],"little":[39],"no":[41,141],"research":[42],"reflective":[43],"of":[44,66,107,137,180],"Open":[46],"Source":[47],"Software":[48],"(OSS)":[49],"process":[50],"and":[51,86,174,184,211,225],"communities":[52,224],"now":[55],"commonly":[56],"developed":[57],"in?":[58],"Our":[59,126],"study":[60],"presents":[61],"multi-region":[63],"geographical":[64],"analysis":[65],"inclusion":[68,80,219],"on":[69],"GitHub.":[70],"This":[71],"mixed-methods":[72],"approach":[73],"includes":[74],"quantitatively":[75],"investigating":[76],"in":[78,81,122,153,220],"projects":[82,112,201],"across":[83,134,144,190],"geographic":[84],"regions":[85,124,160],"investigate":[87],"trends":[89],"over":[90],"time":[91],"using":[92],"data":[93],"from":[94,228],"contributions":[95,177,227],"21,456":[97],"project":[98],"repositories.":[99],"We":[100,168],"also":[101,169],"qualitatively":[102],"understand":[103],"unique":[105],"experiences":[106],"developers":[108,121],"contributing":[109],"through":[113],"survey":[115],"strategically":[118],"targeted":[119],"various":[123],"worldwide.":[125],"findings":[127],"diversity":[131,154],"low":[133],"all":[135],"parts":[136],"world,":[139],"substantial":[142],"difference":[143],"regions.":[145],"there":[147],"has":[148],"been":[149],"statistically":[150],"improvement":[152],"worldwide":[155],"since":[156],"2014,":[157],"certain":[159],"such":[161,196],"Africa":[163],"improving":[164],"at":[165],"faster":[166],"pace.":[167],"find":[170],"most":[172],"motivations":[173],"barriers":[175],"(e.g.,":[178],"lack":[179],"resources":[181],"contribute":[183],"poor":[185],"working":[186],"environment)":[187],"were":[188],"regions,":[191],"however,":[192],"some":[193],"insightful":[194],"differences,":[195],"make":[200],"inclusive,":[203],"did":[204],"arise.":[205],"From":[206],"findings,":[208],"we":[209],"derive":[210],"present":[212],"implications":[213],"for":[214],"tools":[215],"foster":[218],"open":[221],"source":[222],"empower":[226],"everyone,":[229],"everywhere.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}