{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3025537827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3087087","title":"Generating Unit Tests for Documentation","display_name":"Generating Unit Tests for Documentation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3025537827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3087087","mag":"3025537827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2021.3087087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3087087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.08750","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024693818","display_name":"Mathieu Nassif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0211-7256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathieu Nassif","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","[School of Computer Science, McGill University, 5620 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (e-mail: mnassif@cs.mcgill.ca)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0211-7256","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science, McGill University, 5620 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (e-mail: mnassif@cs.mcgill.ca)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055269789","display_name":"Alexa Hernandez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-2000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexa Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","[School of Computer Science, McGill University, 5620 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (e-mail: alexa.hernandez@mail.mcgill.ca)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-2000","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science, McGill University, 5620 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (e-mail: alexa.hernandez@mail.mcgill.ca)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067271156","display_name":"Ashvitha Sridharan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-8085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashvitha Sridharan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","[School of Computer Science, McGill University, 5620 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (e-mail: ashvitha.sridharan@mail.mcgill.ca)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-8085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science, McGill University, 5620 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (e-mail: ashvitha.sridharan@mail.mcgill.ca)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059244952","display_name":"Martin P. Robillard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-1384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin P. Robillard","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","[School of Computer Science, McGill University, 5620 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (e-mail: martin@cs.mcgill.ca)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-1384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montr&#x00E9;al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science, McGill University, 5620 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (e-mail: martin@cs.mcgill.ca)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00399826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"9","first_page":"3268","last_page":"3279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.9432692527770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-documentation","display_name":"Internal documentation","score":0.6907532215118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit-testing","display_name":"Unit testing","score":0.6740955114364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6713192462921143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-documentation","display_name":"Software documentation","score":0.5757913589477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.5688894987106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artifact","display_name":"Artifact (error)","score":0.49402672052383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4526779353618622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.42333441972732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.40523427724838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.3494343161582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2747863829135895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2030138373374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.1821765899658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10974925756454468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development-process","display_name":"Software development process","score":0.10936644673347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.08231395483016968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.9432692527770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140396857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16934771","display_name":"Internal documentation","level":5,"score":0.6907532215118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148027188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907375","display_name":"Unit testing","level":3,"score":0.6740955114364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6713192462921143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81587897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181702","display_name":"Software documentation","level":5,"score":0.5757913589477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5688894987106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.49402672052383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4526779353618622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.42333441972732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.40523427724838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.3494343161582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2747863829135895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2030138373374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.1821765899658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10974925756454468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180152950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2904257","display_name":"Software development process","level":4,"score":0.10936644673347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.08231395483016968}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2021.3087087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3087087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2005.08750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.08750","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.08750","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3025537827","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.08750.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2005.08750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2005.08750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2005.08750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.08750","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.08750","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3025537827.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W112654032","https://openalex.org/W1511212867","https://openalex.org/W1531717019","https://openalex.org/W1590462283","https://openalex.org/W1644882639","https://openalex.org/W1964730672","https://openalex.org/W1967995512","https://openalex.org/W1970407057","https://openalex.org/W1989526951","https://openalex.org/W1992259680","https://openalex.org/W1993760289","https://openalex.org/W2009489720","https://openalex.org/W2012148899","https://openalex.org/W2018017297","https://openalex.org/W2018433144","https://openalex.org/W2041492514","https://openalex.org/W2041713059","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2054520963","https://openalex.org/W2081749632","https://openalex.org/W2082160726","https://openalex.org/W2096449544","https://openalex.org/W2107709519","https://openalex.org/W2108632968","https://openalex.org/W2109125971","https://openalex.org/W2116272605","https://openalex.org/W2117228548","https://openalex.org/W2121818394","https://openalex.org/W2123468567","https://openalex.org/W2128581098","https://openalex.org/W2128704194","https://openalex.org/W2131453061","https://openalex.org/W2134825350","https://openalex.org/W2134829794","https://openalex.org/W2152874840","https://openalex.org/W2158868137","https://openalex.org/W2160140538","https://openalex.org/W2163745066","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2172260321","https://openalex.org/W2214958829","https://openalex.org/W2295399529","https://openalex.org/W2343396275","https://openalex.org/W2510163281","https://openalex.org/W2617604339","https://openalex.org/W2767331170","https://openalex.org/W2772141859","https://openalex.org/W2775310939","https://openalex.org/W2896566650","https://openalex.org/W2955439455","https://openalex.org/W3096145139","https://openalex.org/W3143245542","https://openalex.org/W3147574292","https://openalex.org/W3149170054","https://openalex.org/W4237492309","https://openalex.org/W4245717706","https://openalex.org/W4247064801","https://openalex.org/W4251218026","https://openalex.org/W6725242653"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2846810983","https://openalex.org/W2767570792","https://openalex.org/W2183646590","https://openalex.org/W170530111","https://openalex.org/W964590986","https://openalex.org/W2248759502","https://openalex.org/W3018468378","https://openalex.org/W2609863713","https://openalex.org/W599478292","https://openalex.org/W2151541106","https://openalex.org/W3085247153","https://openalex.org/W2948897128","https://openalex.org/W2889780865","https://openalex.org/W38878143","https://openalex.org/W3143847564","https://openalex.org/W2814324945","https://openalex.org/W3137005407","https://openalex.org/W2182539992","https://openalex.org/W2263508095","https://openalex.org/W2867706476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"projects":[1],"capture":[2],"redundant":[3],"information":[4],"in":[5],"various":[6],"kinds":[7],"of":[8,35,38,74,80,93,116],"artifacts,":[9],"as":[10],"specifications":[11,95],"from":[12],"the":[13,32,70,78,117],"source":[14],"code":[15],"are":[16,130],"also":[17],"tested":[18,102],"and":[19,54,57,65,72,77,106,119,133],"documented.":[20],"Such":[21],"redundancy":[22],"provides":[23],"an":[24],"opportunity":[25],"to":[26,50,58,62,111],"reduce":[27],"development":[28],"effort":[29],"by":[30,128,138,143],"supporting":[31],"joint":[33],"generation":[34],"different":[36],"types":[37],"artifacts.":[39],"We":[40],"introduce":[41],"a":[42,88],"tool-supported":[43],"technique,":[44],"called":[45],"DScribe,":[46],"that":[47,97,125],"allows":[48],"developers":[49],"combine":[51],"unit":[52,66],"test":[53,85],"documentation":[55,64],"templates,":[56],"invoke":[59],"these":[60],"templates":[61,81],"generate":[63,113],"tests.":[67],"DScribe":[68,107,129],"supports":[69],"detection":[71],"replacement":[73],"outdated":[75],"documentation,":[76],"use":[79],"can":[82],"encourage":[83],"extensive":[84],"suites":[86],"with":[87],"consistent":[89],"style.":[90],"Our":[91],"evaluation":[92],"835":[94],"revealed":[96,124],"85":[98],"percent":[99,115],"were":[100],"not":[101],"or":[103,141],"correctly":[104],"documented,":[105],"could":[108],"be":[109],"used":[110],"automatically":[112],"97":[114],"tests":[118,126],"documentation.":[120],"An":[121],"additional":[122],"study":[123],"generated":[127,142],"more":[131],"focused":[132],"readable":[134],"than":[135],"those":[136],"written":[137],"human":[139],"testers":[140],"state-of-the-art":[144],"automated":[145],"techniques.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
