{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3044926166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2020.3009698","title":"Theoretical and Empirical Analyses of the Effectiveness of Metamorphic Relation Composition","display_name":"Theoretical and Empirical Analyses of the Effectiveness of Metamorphic Relation Composition","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3044926166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2020.3009698","mag":"3044926166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2020.3009698","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2020.3009698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Theoretical_and_empirical_analyses_of_the_effectiveness_of_metamorphic_relation_composition/14265302","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040278378","display_name":"Kun Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4121-3665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kun Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459073","display_name":"Zheng Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7922-9067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035107113","display_name":"Tsong Yueh Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3578-0994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsong Yueh Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051828363","display_name":"Pak\u2010Lok Poon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-2418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74899385","display_name":"Central Queensland University","ror":"https://ror.org/023q4bk22","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74899385"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pak-Lok Poon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74899385"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040278378"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1636,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94139622,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"3","first_page":"1001","last_page":"1017"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7909316420555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.6053573489189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composition","display_name":"Composition (language)","score":0.5952910780906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judgement","display_name":"Judgement","score":0.5804110169410706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.5757107734680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.5325853824615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5289984345436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.5165761709213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4112217128276825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.409152090549469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4034617245197296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.362659215927124}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7909316420555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.6053573489189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40231798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743","display_name":"Composition (language)","level":2,"score":0.5952910780906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776548248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12621536","display_name":"Judgement","level":2,"score":0.5804110169410706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.5757107734680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.5325853824615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5289984345436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.5165761709213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4112217128276825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.409152090549469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4034617245197296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.362659215927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2020.3009698","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2020.3009698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/14265302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Theoretical_and_empirical_analyses_of_the_effectiveness_of_metamorphic_relation_composition/14265302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/14265302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Theoretical_and_empirical_analyses_of_the_effectiveness_of_metamorphic_relation_composition/14265302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2896924447","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7682846489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W163074494","https://openalex.org/W1104960690","https://openalex.org/W1524053243","https://openalex.org/W1972870230","https://openalex.org/W1975934503","https://openalex.org/W1982483659","https://openalex.org/W1996123398","https://openalex.org/W2023556458","https://openalex.org/W2032680490","https://openalex.org/W2034653530","https://openalex.org/W2041650849","https://openalex.org/W2041713059","https://openalex.org/W2067676171","https://openalex.org/W2076609667","https://openalex.org/W2091093620","https://openalex.org/W2096902973","https://openalex.org/W2106953271","https://openalex.org/W2112265708","https://openalex.org/W2130746431","https://openalex.org/W2134124281","https://openalex.org/W2142049935","https://openalex.org/W2143702316","https://openalex.org/W2149224908","https://openalex.org/W2151363114","https://openalex.org/W2179418444","https://openalex.org/W2280554095","https://openalex.org/W2293505944","https://openalex.org/W2324595780","https://openalex.org/W2395191191","https://openalex.org/W2541368122","https://openalex.org/W2597691991","https://openalex.org/W2759550170","https://openalex.org/W2782311202","https://openalex.org/W2785340633","https://openalex.org/W2888307014","https://openalex.org/W2896505116","https://openalex.org/W2917321477","https://openalex.org/W2942433680","https://openalex.org/W2946581789","https://openalex.org/W2963327228","https://openalex.org/W2968478220","https://openalex.org/W2969812409","https://openalex.org/W2994070200","https://openalex.org/W2997653900","https://openalex.org/W4254332277","https://openalex.org/W6603422705","https://openalex.org/W6631148570","https://openalex.org/W6774112282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886802431","https://openalex.org/W4388216822","https://openalex.org/W1761762290","https://openalex.org/W4391191813","https://openalex.org/W4387575966","https://openalex.org/W2384262901","https://openalex.org/W2975214487","https://openalex.org/W651304006","https://openalex.org/W2345720417","https://openalex.org/W2385564112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Metamorphic":[0,14],"Relations":[1],"(MRs)":[2],"play":[3],"a":[4,167],"key":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,35,60],"determining":[8],"the":[9,40,58,95,153,159,174],"fault":[10,118,155,175],"detection":[11,119,156,176],"capability":[12,120,157,177],"of":[13,79,97,178],"Testing":[15],"(MT).":[16],"As":[17],"human":[18],"judgement":[19],"is":[20],"required":[21,44],"for":[22,45],"MR":[23,26,74,107,149],"identification,":[24],"systematic":[25],"generation":[27],"has":[28,66,150],"long":[29],"been":[30,52],"an":[31],"important":[32,69],"research":[33],"area":[34],"MT.":[36],"Additionally,":[37],"due":[38],"to":[39,71,136],"extra":[41],"program":[42],"executions":[43],"follow-up":[46,98],"test":[47,99],"cases,":[48],"some":[49,113],"concerns":[50],"have":[51,109,116,164],"raised":[53],"about":[54],"MT":[55,65,179],"cost-effectiveness.":[56],"Consequently,":[57],"reduction":[59],"testing":[61],"costs":[62],"associated":[63],"with":[64],"become":[67],"another":[68],"issue":[70],"be":[72,184],"addressed.":[73],"composition":[75,108],"can":[76,84],"address":[77],"both":[78],"these":[80],"problems.":[81],"This":[82],"technique":[83],"automatically":[85],"generate":[86],"new":[87],"MRs":[88,115,141,161],"by":[89],"composing":[90],"existing":[91],"ones,":[92],"thereby":[93],"reducing":[94],"number":[96],"cases.":[100],"Despite":[101],"this":[102,128],"advantage,":[103],"previous":[104],"studies":[105],"on":[106],"empirically":[110],"shown":[111],"that":[112,145,173],"composite":[114,148],"lower":[117],"than":[121],"their":[122,146],"corresponding":[123,147],"component":[124,140,160],"MRs.":[125],"To":[126],"investigate":[127],"issue,":[129],"we":[130],"performed":[131],"theoretical":[132],"and":[133],"empirical":[134],"analyses":[135],"identify":[137],"what":[138],"characteristics":[139],"should":[142],"possess":[143],"so":[144,172],"at":[151],"least":[152],"same":[154],"as":[158],"do.":[162],"We":[163],"also":[165],"derived":[166],"convenient,":[168],"but":[169],"effective":[170],"guideline":[171],"will":[180],"most":[181],"likely":[182],"not":[183],"reduced":[185],"after":[186],"composition.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
