{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954796040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2925345","title":"What's Wrong with My Benchmark Results? Studying Bad Practices in JMH Benchmarks","display_name":"What's Wrong with My Benchmark Results? Studying Bad Practices in JMH Benchmarks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954796040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2925345","mag":"2954796040"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2019.2925345","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2925345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023951345","display_name":"Diego Elias Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7084-2594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7084-2594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066994589","display_name":"Cor\u2010Paul Bezemer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0474-5718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cor-Paul Bezemer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analytics of Software, Games and Repository Data (ASGAARD) Lab, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0474-5718","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analytics of Software, Games and Repository Data (ASGAARD) Lab, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030517674","display_name":"Philipp Leitner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2777-528X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Leitner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering Division at Chalmers, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2777-528X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Division at Chalmers, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912","https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054003032","display_name":"Artur Andrzejak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0150-8220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Artur Andrzejak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0150-8220","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2604,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9728708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"7","first_page":"1452","last_page":"1467"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.9007463455200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8715669512748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7915463447570801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.6346379518508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.5566130876541138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statement","display_name":"Statement (logic)","score":0.5263946056365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/best-practice","display_name":"Best practice","score":0.4857769310474396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.4811738431453705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4149673879146576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.40201401710510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3562602996826172}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.9007463455200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8715669512748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7915463447570801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.6346379518508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.5566130876541138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777026412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2684591","display_name":"Statement (logic)","level":2,"score":0.5263946056365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.4857769310474396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4811738431453705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4149673879146576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.40201401710510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3562602996826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2019.2925345","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2925345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:511625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/3161dc3c-48f7-4d74-92ad-1d2501f7f0a6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","ror":"https://ror.org/03zttf063"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9541822","https://openalex.org/W37659086","https://openalex.org/W117893563","https://openalex.org/W1510622838","https://openalex.org/W1971388424","https://openalex.org/W1978813754","https://openalex.org/W2013901208","https://openalex.org/W2076628122","https://openalex.org/W2079352634","https://openalex.org/W2088001805","https://openalex.org/W2088449116","https://openalex.org/W2093708648","https://openalex.org/W2102890180","https://openalex.org/W2112582249","https://openalex.org/W2149207009","https://openalex.org/W2153530968","https://openalex.org/W2154735742","https://openalex.org/W2159928435","https://openalex.org/W2163931728","https://openalex.org/W2165134790","https://openalex.org/W2166091242","https://openalex.org/W2515470496","https://openalex.org/W2577467405","https://openalex.org/W2605667058","https://openalex.org/W2605807148","https://openalex.org/W2606496611","https://openalex.org/W2883526741","https://openalex.org/W2952417600","https://openalex.org/W4244520147","https://openalex.org/W4362223627","https://openalex.org/W6600361055","https://openalex.org/W6601514440","https://openalex.org/W6604787915","https://openalex.org/W6764769275"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105249189","https://openalex.org/W1502256359","https://openalex.org/W1538236101","https://openalex.org/W2104857724","https://openalex.org/W1571558219","https://openalex.org/W1558040955","https://openalex.org/W2528467228","https://openalex.org/W3089977198","https://openalex.org/W2954796040","https://openalex.org/W2096636183"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microbenchmarking":[0],"frameworks,":[1],"such":[2,46],"as":[3],"Java's":[4],"Microbenchmark":[5],"Harness":[6],"(JMH),":[7],"allow":[8],"developers":[9,32,167,178],"to":[10,24,69,103,177,184],"write":[11],"fine-grained":[12],"performance":[13,44],"test":[14],"suites":[15],"at":[16],"the":[17,25,28,43,105,123,137,144,155,159],"method":[18],"or":[19,48],"statement":[20],"level.":[21],"However,":[22],"due":[23],"complexities":[26],"of":[27,45,58,78,87,107,143,149,158,179,188],"Java":[29,171],"Virtual":[30],"Machine,":[31],"often":[33,120],"struggle":[34,168],"with":[35,169],"writing":[36],"expressive":[37],"JMH":[38,59,73],"benchmarks":[39],"which":[40,150],"accurately":[41],"represent":[42],"methods":[47],"statements.":[49],"In":[50,161],"this":[51,162],"paper,":[52,163],"we":[53,99,131,164],"empirically":[54],"study":[55,77],"bad":[56,72,90,109,118,139],"practices":[57,91,119,140],"benchmarks.":[60],"We":[61],"present":[62],"a":[63],"tool":[64],"that":[65,85,117,135,166],"leverages":[66],"static":[67],"analysis":[68],"identify":[70],"5":[71,89],"practices.":[74],"Our":[75],"empirical":[76],"123":[79],"open":[80,95,146],"source":[81,96,147],"Java-based":[82],"systems":[83],"shows":[84],"each":[86,108],"these":[88],"are":[92],"prevalent":[93],"in":[94,111],"software.":[97],"Further,":[98],"conduct":[100],"several":[101,175],"experiments":[102],"quantify":[104],"impact":[106,122],"practice":[110],"multiple":[112],"case":[113],"studies,":[114],"and":[115,173],"find":[116],"significantly":[121],"benchmark":[124],"results.":[125],"To":[126],"validate":[127],"our":[128],"experimental":[129],"results,":[130],"constructed":[132],"seven":[133],"patches":[134],"fix":[136],"identified":[138],"for":[141],"six":[142,151],"studied":[145],"projects,":[148],"were":[152],"merged":[153],"into":[154],"main":[156],"branch":[157],"project.":[160],"show":[165],"accurate":[170],"microbenchmarking,":[172],"provide":[174],"recommendations":[176],"microbenchmarking":[180],"frameworks":[181],"on":[182],"how":[183],"improve":[185],"future":[186],"versions":[187],"their":[189],"framework.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}