{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944065898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2915065","title":"Metamorphic Robustness Testing: Exposing Hidden Defects in Citation Statistics and Journal Impact Factors","display_name":"Metamorphic Robustness Testing: Exposing Hidden Defects in Citation Statistics and Journal Impact Factors","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944065898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2915065","mag":"2944065898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2019.2915065","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2915065","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/32/9453223/08708940.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/32/9453223/08708940.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069910503","display_name":"Zhi Quan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1769-9367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Quan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049494347","display_name":"T.H. Tse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0460-8377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. H. Tse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032199484","display_name":"Matt Witheridge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matt Witheridge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069910503"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1004,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97462121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"6","first_page":"1164","last_page":"1183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7965934872627258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citation","display_name":"Citation","score":0.6791421175003052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5987803339958191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oracle","display_name":"Oracle","score":0.5942401885986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scopus","display_name":"Scopus","score":0.5580889582633972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5175220966339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impact-factor","display_name":"Impact factor","score":0.5144346356391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.42369532585144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3713757395744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.3681876063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.363888144493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.23855403065681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12188884615898132}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7965934872627258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.6791421175003052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5987803339958191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.5942401885986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83867959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371467","display_name":"Scopus","level":3,"score":0.5580889582633972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5175220966339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779455604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5330","display_name":"Impact factor","level":2,"score":0.5144346356391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.42369532585144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3713757395744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.3681876063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.363888144493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.23855403065681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12188884615898132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2019.2915065","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2915065","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/32/9453223/08708940.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.uow.edu.au:eispapers1-4057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.uow.edu.au/eispapers1/3038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400510","display_name":"Research Online (University of Wollongong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","host_organization_name":"University of Wollongong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.uow.edu.au:test2021-3382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.uow.edu.au/test2021/2373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400510","display_name":"Research Online (University of Wollongong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","host_organization_name":"University of Wollongong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Test Series for Scopus Harvesting 2021","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27780045","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2019.2915065","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2915065","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/32/9453223/08708940.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G611870384","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8933989502","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LP160101691","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","display_name":"Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0314h5y94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944065898.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944065898.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83755378","https://openalex.org/W109452506","https://openalex.org/W116656696","https://openalex.org/W1818090267","https://openalex.org/W1843400045","https://openalex.org/W1895113725","https://openalex.org/W1975891440","https://openalex.org/W1986024718","https://openalex.org/W2002934700","https://openalex.org/W2006448386","https://openalex.org/W2019108269","https://openalex.org/W2026926922","https://openalex.org/W2032680490","https://openalex.org/W2033069678","https://openalex.org/W2041650849","https://openalex.org/W2041713059","https://openalex.org/W2043998723","https://openalex.org/W2052568053","https://openalex.org/W2057358853","https://openalex.org/W2070329239","https://openalex.org/W2086719521","https://openalex.org/W2097110854","https://openalex.org/W2106953271","https://openalex.org/W2107681502","https://openalex.org/W2110009780","https://openalex.org/W2112300658","https://openalex.org/W2114894866","https://openalex.org/W2117453981","https://openalex.org/W2128438887","https://openalex.org/W2128799201","https://openalex.org/W2132631086","https://openalex.org/W2139069137","https://openalex.org/W2145535121","https://openalex.org/W2145839283","https://openalex.org/W2162381391","https://openalex.org/W2163887529","https://openalex.org/W2170737051","https://openalex.org/W2179418444","https://openalex.org/W2293505944","https://openalex.org/W2313752879","https://openalex.org/W2314438929","https://openalex.org/W2324595780","https://openalex.org/W2336957653","https://openalex.org/W2428841090","https://openalex.org/W2588841625","https://openalex.org/W2599441986","https://openalex.org/W2614246374","https://openalex.org/W2730089225","https://openalex.org/W2732493711","https://openalex.org/W2759550170","https://openalex.org/W2769569256","https://openalex.org/W2782311202","https://openalex.org/W2782626863","https://openalex.org/W2785340633","https://openalex.org/W2795272779","https://openalex.org/W2807869594","https://openalex.org/W2809368559","https://openalex.org/W2809957451","https://openalex.org/W2810247445","https://openalex.org/W2814638054","https://openalex.org/W2859484040","https://openalex.org/W2888307014","https://openalex.org/W2896505116","https://openalex.org/W2903498246","https://openalex.org/W2917321477","https://openalex.org/W2946382463","https://openalex.org/W2950890478","https://openalex.org/W2963327228","https://openalex.org/W2978415956","https://openalex.org/W2997653900","https://openalex.org/W3008797115","https://openalex.org/W3037055661","https://openalex.org/W3148903672","https://openalex.org/W4213251304","https://openalex.org/W4231553975","https://openalex.org/W4239084643","https://openalex.org/W4254332277","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302040658","https://openalex.org/W6604335577","https://openalex.org/W6774112282","https://openalex.org/W6967186586"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108402763","https://openalex.org/W2019021555","https://openalex.org/W2148385331","https://openalex.org/W2606837165","https://openalex.org/W2651976379","https://openalex.org/W2474469336","https://openalex.org/W2391431582","https://openalex.org/W3094718339","https://openalex.org/W1890493318","https://openalex.org/W3162955726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,35,52,106],"propose":[1],"a":[2,31,54,72,109,163],"robustness":[3,78],"testing":[4],"approach":[5],"for":[6,24,93,100,142],"software":[7,22,151],"systems":[8,83],"that":[9,57,69,156,177],"process":[10],"large":[11],"amounts":[12],"of":[13,30,50,60,74,77,79,121,131,166,185,188,201],"data.":[14],"Our":[15,89,171],"method":[16],"uses":[17],"metamorphic":[18],"relations":[19],"to":[20,39],"check":[21],"output":[23],"erroneous":[25],"input":[26],"in":[27,62,84,136,203],"the":[28,48,58,75,80,94,116,129,157,174,186,199],"absence":[29],"tangible":[32],"test":[33,40],"oracle.":[34],"use":[36],"this":[37,70],"technique":[38],"two":[41],"major":[42],"citation":[43,66,81,178],"database":[44,82],"systems:":[45],"Scopus":[46],"and":[47,68,111,128,148,180,190],"Web":[49],"Science.":[51],"report":[53],"surprising":[55],"finding":[56],"inclusion":[59],"hyphens":[61,202],"paper":[63,87,133,204],"titles":[64,134],"impedes":[65],"counts,":[67],"is":[71],"result":[73],"lack":[76],"handling":[85],"hyphenated":[86,132,169],"titles.":[88,170,205],"results":[90,139,172],"are":[91,140,161,182],"valid":[92],"entire":[95],"literature":[96],"as":[97,99,104,192],"well":[98],"individual":[101],"fields":[102],"such":[103],"chemistry.":[105],"further":[107],"find":[108],"strong":[110],"significant":[112],"negative":[113],"correlation":[114],"between":[115],"journal":[117],"impact":[118,187],"factor":[119],"(JIF)":[120],"IEEE":[122],"Transactions":[123,144],"on":[124,145],"Software":[125,146],"Engineering":[126,147],"(TSE)":[127],"percentage":[130,165],"published":[135],"TSE.":[137],"Similar":[138],"found":[141],"ACM":[143],"Methodology.":[149],"A":[150],"engineering":[152],"field-wide":[153],"study":[154],"reveals":[155],"higher":[158],"JIF-ranked":[159],"journals":[160],"publishing":[162],"lower":[164],"papers":[167,189],"with":[168],"challenge":[173],"common":[175],"belief":[176],"counts":[179],"JIFs":[181],"reliable":[183],"measures":[184],"journals,":[191],"they":[193],"can":[194],"be":[195],"distorted":[196],"simply":[197],"by":[198],"presence":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
