{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383752048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2023.3293048","title":"ECFA: An Efficient Convergent Firefly Algorithm for Solving Task Scheduling Problems in Cloud-Edge Computing","display_name":"ECFA: An Efficient Convergent Firefly Algorithm for Solving Task Scheduling Problems in Cloud-Edge Computing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383752048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2023.3293048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsc.2023.3293048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2023.3293048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204223317","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing","issn_l":"1939-1374","issn":["1939-1374","2372-0204"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047736781","display_name":"Lu Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1138-3225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lu Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026027275","display_name":"Jin Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4855-2499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102905745","display_name":"Junlong Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-4077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junlong Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029808393","display_name":"Zonghua Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-2774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90267481","display_name":"Ume\u00e5 University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90267481"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zonghua Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90267481"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087894632","display_name":"Keqin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-4048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157455823","display_name":"SUNY New Paltz","ror":"https://ror.org/03j3dv688","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157455823"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keqin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, State University of New York, New Paltz, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, State University of New York, New Paltz, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157455823"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047736781"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2026,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97969508,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"5","first_page":"3280","last_page":"3293"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firefly-algorithm","display_name":"Firefly algorithm","score":0.8463135957717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6763654947280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6656122207641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-shop-scheduling","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","score":0.5564831495285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5340192914009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5296984314918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5253098607063293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5073155760765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.49117013812065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firefly-protocol","display_name":"Firefly protocol","score":0.4836786687374115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.29366815090179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1839730143547058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1237860918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.09801134467124939}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154982244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451844","display_name":"Firefly algorithm","level":3,"score":0.8463135957717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6763654947280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6656122207641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.5564831495285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5340192914009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5296984314918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5253098607063293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5073155760765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.49117013812065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107477482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22570039","display_name":"Firefly protocol","level":2,"score":0.4836786687374115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29366815090179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1839730143547058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1237860918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.09801134467124939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsc.2023.3293048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2023.3293048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204223317","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing","issn_l":"1939-1374","issn":["1939-1374","2372-0204"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2474133561","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172224","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3505793782","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20220138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4891962969","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BE2022065-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327777","funder_display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327777","display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523741643","https://openalex.org/W2020279330","https://openalex.org/W2035978754","https://openalex.org/W2085080956","https://openalex.org/W2111393363","https://openalex.org/W2353267094","https://openalex.org/W2440704319","https://openalex.org/W2516316490","https://openalex.org/W2593769694","https://openalex.org/W2615459164","https://openalex.org/W2763827256","https://openalex.org/W2772819097","https://openalex.org/W2777781531","https://openalex.org/W2891123429","https://openalex.org/W2897662902","https://openalex.org/W2911695697","https://openalex.org/W2913196913","https://openalex.org/W2922609623","https://openalex.org/W2939138533","https://openalex.org/W2945909427","https://openalex.org/W2950920210","https://openalex.org/W2952108774","https://openalex.org/W2981866043","https://openalex.org/W3004454857","https://openalex.org/W3011052470","https://openalex.org/W3026942554","https://openalex.org/W3027406059","https://openalex.org/W3038241258","https://openalex.org/W3043134246","https://openalex.org/W3088802706","https://openalex.org/W3095567726","https://openalex.org/W3105923694","https://openalex.org/W3153011140","https://openalex.org/W3154258538","https://openalex.org/W3155764949","https://openalex.org/W3180265018","https://openalex.org/W3193859704","https://openalex.org/W4205970058","https://openalex.org/W4214814408","https://openalex.org/W4295798591","https://openalex.org/W4321770585"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2222304693","https://openalex.org/W4200439108","https://openalex.org/W2940563633","https://openalex.org/W2757862489","https://openalex.org/W2411884393","https://openalex.org/W2490269892","https://openalex.org/W2138097482","https://openalex.org/W2984874436","https://openalex.org/W2890875110","https://openalex.org/W2890707561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,89],"cloud-edge":[1,159],"computing":[2],"paradigms,":[3],"the":[4,39,63,67,72,102,107,112,118,138,152,158,176,181],"integration":[5],"of":[6,104,120,154],"edge":[7,36],"servers":[8,37],"and":[9,38,128,167],"task":[10,19],"offloading":[11],"mechanisms":[12],"has":[13],"posed":[14],"new":[15],"challenges":[16],"to":[17,50,61,82,97,106,150],"developing":[18],"scheduling":[20,32,57,160],"strategies.":[21],"This":[22],"paper":[23],"proposes":[24],"an":[25,52],"efficient":[26],"convergent":[27],"firefly":[28,54,64,113,125],"algorithm":[29,187],"(ECFA)":[30],"for":[31,123],"security-critical":[33],"tasks":[34],"onto":[35],"cloud":[40],"datacenter.":[41],"The":[42],"proposed":[43],"ECFA":[44,75,100,131,155],"uses":[45],"a":[46,56,77,93],"probability-based":[47],"mapping":[48],"operator":[49],"convert":[51],"individual":[53,110],"into":[55,134,190],"solution,":[58],"in":[59,86,111,156],"order":[60],"associate":[62],"space":[65],"with":[66],"solution":[68,87],"space.":[69,114],"Distinct":[70],"from":[71,180,188],"standard":[73],"FA,":[74],"employs":[76],"low-complexity":[78],"position":[79],"update":[80],"strategy":[81],"enhance":[83],"computational":[84],"efficiency":[85],"exploration.":[88],"addition,":[90],"we":[91,116],"provide":[92],"rigorous":[94],"theoretical":[95,182],"analysis":[96,183],"justify":[98],"that":[99,175],"owns":[101],"capability":[103],"converging":[105],"global":[108],"best":[109],"Furthermore,":[115],"introduce":[117],"concept":[119],"boundary":[121,135,191],"traps":[122,136],"analyzing":[124],"movement":[126],"trajectories,":[127],"investigate":[129],"whether":[130],"would":[132],"fall":[133],"during":[137],"evolutionary":[139],"procedure":[140],"under":[141],"different":[142],"parameter":[143,177],"settings.":[144],"We":[145],"create":[146],"various":[147],"testing":[148],"instances":[149],"evaluate":[151],"performance":[153],"solving":[157],"problem,":[161],"demonstrating":[162],"its":[163],"superiority":[164],"over":[165],"FA-based":[166],"other":[168],"competing":[169],"metaheuristics.":[170],"Evaluation":[171],"results":[172],"also":[173],"validate":[174],"range":[178],"derived":[179],"can":[184],"prevent":[185],"our":[186],"falling":[189],"traps.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}