{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2591441959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2017.2671867","title":"Traffic-Aware and Energy-Efficient vNF Placement for Service Chaining: Joint Sampling and Matching Approach","display_name":"Traffic-Aware and Energy-Efficient vNF Placement for Service Chaining: Joint Sampling and Matching Approach","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2591441959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2017.2671867","mag":"2591441959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsc.2017.2671867","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2017.2671867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204223317","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing","issn_l":"1939-1374","issn":["1939-1374","2372-0204"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053541172","display_name":"Chuan Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1430-3443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1430-3443","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027558961","display_name":"Nguyen H. Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-9213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nguyen H. Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-9213","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000834239","display_name":"Shaolei Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9003-4324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaolei Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9003-4324","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024108653","display_name":"Walid Saad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2247-2458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walid Saad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2247-2458","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034052371","display_name":"Choong Seon Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3484-7333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Choong Seon Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3484-7333","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.5375,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":258,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99473258,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"172","last_page":"185"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8692364692687988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-network","display_name":"Virtual network","score":0.6324854493141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaining","display_name":"Chaining","score":0.6092038154602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.47318363189697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.43709293007850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.42396801710128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximation-algorithm","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","score":0.4184782803058624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3989569842815399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10783347487449646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8692364692687988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776874963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4112081","display_name":"Virtual network","level":2,"score":0.6324854493141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49020025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059099","display_name":"Chaining","level":2,"score":0.6092038154602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.47318363189697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.43709293007850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.42396801710128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4184782803058624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3989569842815399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10783347487449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsc.2017.2671867","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2017.2671867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204223317","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing","issn_l":"1939-1374","issn":["1939-1374","2372-0204"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4104622810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF- 2014R1A2A2A01005900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312071","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Libya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312071","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Libya","ror":"https://ror.org/02w030k33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502122495","https://openalex.org/W1584812882","https://openalex.org/W1890643295","https://openalex.org/W1967912924","https://openalex.org/W1987825067","https://openalex.org/W1997650479","https://openalex.org/W2000238032","https://openalex.org/W2038334542","https://openalex.org/W2039579846","https://openalex.org/W2068115726","https://openalex.org/W2072251318","https://openalex.org/W2077661716","https://openalex.org/W2095672121","https://openalex.org/W2099388379","https://openalex.org/W2100346277","https://openalex.org/W2107187535","https://openalex.org/W2116199450","https://openalex.org/W2120881346","https://openalex.org/W2132238781","https://openalex.org/W2134382745","https://openalex.org/W2135050820","https://openalex.org/W2136930733","https://openalex.org/W2157614013","https://openalex.org/W2163065828","https://openalex.org/W2165250321","https://openalex.org/W2202294430","https://openalex.org/W2203584209","https://openalex.org/W2222085488","https://openalex.org/W2270436153","https://openalex.org/W2276924220","https://openalex.org/W2312225831","https://openalex.org/W2385339398","https://openalex.org/W2495232965","https://openalex.org/W2543929814","https://openalex.org/W3101743077","https://openalex.org/W3163372212","https://openalex.org/W4237515752","https://openalex.org/W4246622476","https://openalex.org/W4250075356","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6630000086","https://openalex.org/W6639249596","https://openalex.org/W6679823595","https://openalex.org/W6687889994","https://openalex.org/W6689028692","https://openalex.org/W6693936055","https://openalex.org/W6710531376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2903328691","https://openalex.org/W2967858304","https://openalex.org/W2791010391","https://openalex.org/W2889650910","https://openalex.org/W2951557574","https://openalex.org/W4300138531","https://openalex.org/W2620066784","https://openalex.org/W3015273126","https://openalex.org/W2956655210","https://openalex.org/W1538027944"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"network":[1,12,24,53,76,107],"function":[2,77],"virtualization":[3],"(NFV)":[4],"is":[5,83,96,119,167],"a":[6,113,135,140,154],"promising":[7],"approach":[8,118,132,156],"for":[9,80,85,174],"providing":[10],"elastic":[11],"functions,":[13],"it":[14,138],"faces":[15],"several":[16],"challenges":[17],"in":[18],"terms":[19],"of":[20,28,34,74,88],"adaptation":[21],"to":[22,40,121,169,194,198],"diverse":[23],"appliances":[25],"and":[26,31,90,106],"reduction":[27],"the":[29,35,52,56,72,86,103,123,130,159,175,183,188,199],"capital":[30],"operational":[32,57,105],"expenses":[33],"service":[36,42,81],"providers.":[37],"In":[38,69],"particular,":[39],"deploy":[41],"chains,":[43],"providers":[44],"must":[45],"consider":[46],"different":[47],"objectives,":[48],"such":[49],"as":[50,98,165],"minimizing":[51],"latency":[54],"or":[55],"cost,":[58],"which":[59],"are":[60],"coupled":[61],"objectives":[62],"that":[63,144,157,182],"have":[64],"traditionally":[65],"been":[66],"addressed":[67],"separately.":[68],"this":[70,152],"paper,":[71],"problem":[73,95,101,177],"virtual":[75],"(vNF)":[78],"placement":[79],"chains":[82],"studied":[84],"purpose":[87],"energy":[89],"traffic-aware":[91],"cost":[92,109,191],"minimization.":[93],"This":[94],"formulated":[97],"an":[99,171],"optimization":[100],"named":[102,164],"joint":[104],"traffic":[108],"(OPNET)":[110],"problem.":[111],"First,":[112],"sampling-based":[114],"Markov":[115],"approximation":[116],"(MA)":[117],"proposed":[120,168,184],"solve":[122],"combinatorial":[124],"NP-hard":[125],"problem,":[126],"OPNET.":[127,178],"Even":[128],"though":[129],"MA":[131,160],"can":[133,145,186],"yield":[134],"near-optimal":[136],"solution,":[137],"requires":[139],"long":[141],"convergence":[142],"time":[143],"hinder":[146],"its":[147],"practical":[148],"deployment.":[149],"To":[150],"overcome":[151],"issue,":[153],"novel":[155],"combines":[158],"with":[161],"matching":[162],"theory,":[163],"SAMA,":[166],"find":[170],"efficient":[172],"solution":[173],"original":[176],"Simulation":[179],"results":[180],"show":[181],"framework":[185],"reduce":[187],"total":[189],"incurred":[190],"by":[192],"up":[193],"19":[195],"percent":[196],"compared":[197],"existing":[200],"non-coordinated":[201],"approach.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
