{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408858566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2025.3548107","title":"Unsupervised Software Defect Prediction Through Multiview Clustering","display_name":"Unsupervised Software Defect Prediction Through Multiview Clustering","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408858566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2025.3548107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tr.2025.3548107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2025.3548107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87725633","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","issn_l":"0018-9529","issn":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438040","display_name":"Zhiqiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-3658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-3658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100412598","display_name":"Hongyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-9425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Big Data and Software Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-9425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Big Data and Software Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029691902","display_name":"Xiao\u2010Yuan Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-8475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Yuan Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-8475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048174498","display_name":"Wangyang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1037-210X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wangyang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1037-210X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074048469","display_name":"Yueyue Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7720-236X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78757542","display_name":"University of Newcastle Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/00eae9z71","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78757542"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueyue Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Physical Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Physical Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78757542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8446,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92629153,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"3","first_page":"3356","last_page":"3370"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9599000215530396,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.713944673538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6649570465087891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5284426212310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.518240213394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.4286467730998993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.407469242811203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40294814109802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08974674344062805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.713944673538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6649570465087891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5284426212310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.518240213394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.4286467730998993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.407469242811203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40294814109802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08974674344062805}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tr.2025.3548107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2025.3548107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87725633","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","issn_l":"0018-9529","issn":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1295009996","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176069","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5275511580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6424415607","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024JC-YBMS-497","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7347217188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1884377372","https://openalex.org/W1902482618","https://openalex.org/W2037002715","https://openalex.org/W2046830558","https://openalex.org/W2073767361","https://openalex.org/W2084085041","https://openalex.org/W2104329051","https://openalex.org/W2105776892","https://openalex.org/W2114053493","https://openalex.org/W2124797841","https://openalex.org/W2132887549","https://openalex.org/W2141051748","https://openalex.org/W2143637886","https://openalex.org/W2145574830","https://openalex.org/W2145793758","https://openalex.org/W2158744032","https://openalex.org/W2159681789","https://openalex.org/W2162336984","https://openalex.org/W2163499595","https://openalex.org/W2242800359","https://openalex.org/W2344072768","https://openalex.org/W2385483600","https://openalex.org/W2474835145","https://openalex.org/W2548915941","https://openalex.org/W2580763461","https://openalex.org/W2594132308","https://openalex.org/W2606150376","https://openalex.org/W2748169822","https://openalex.org/W2771362265","https://openalex.org/W2774137886","https://openalex.org/W2774919641","https://openalex.org/W2791812915","https://openalex.org/W2802138742","https://openalex.org/W2808429874","https://openalex.org/W2898124301","https://openalex.org/W2898383220","https://openalex.org/W2908454557","https://openalex.org/W2909172538","https://openalex.org/W2949031891","https://openalex.org/W2954276596","https://openalex.org/W2963097549","https://openalex.org/W2963520355","https://openalex.org/W2963548617","https://openalex.org/W2976781115","https://openalex.org/W3002360338","https://openalex.org/W3008381189","https://openalex.org/W3013745307","https://openalex.org/W3034708533","https://openalex.org/W3083954092","https://openalex.org/W3099242135","https://openalex.org/W3141989311","https://openalex.org/W3161623246","https://openalex.org/W3162356827","https://openalex.org/W3178061567","https://openalex.org/W3208579402","https://openalex.org/W4207068100","https://openalex.org/W4214916343","https://openalex.org/W4248521920","https://openalex.org/W4250023757","https://openalex.org/W4294811229","https://openalex.org/W4304688778","https://openalex.org/W4313142332","https://openalex.org/W4320717680","https://openalex.org/W4390323140","https://openalex.org/W4390947702","https://openalex.org/W4392190394"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298130764","https://openalex.org/W2804364458","https://openalex.org/W2132641928","https://openalex.org/W4310225030","https://openalex.org/W2090259340","https://openalex.org/W1926736923","https://openalex.org/W2158836806","https://openalex.org/W2393816671","https://openalex.org/W2083665254","https://openalex.org/W2942177010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"core":[1],"goal":[2],"of":[3,16,21,59,61,94,126,129,153,192,196],"software":[4,118,140,171],"defect":[5,33,65,141,162],"prediction":[6,34,66,113,142,163],"(SDP)":[7],"is":[8,81,99],"to":[9,49,103,146,156,183],"identify":[10],"modules":[11],"with":[12,25,74],"a":[13,57,134,158],"high":[14],"likelihood":[15],"defects,":[17],"thereby":[18],"enabling":[19],"prioritization":[20],"quality":[22],"assurance":[23],"activities":[24],"low":[26],"inspection":[27],"effort.":[28],"There":[29],"are":[30,37],"many":[31],"supervised":[32,185],"models":[35,69],"that":[36,174],"extensively":[38],"studied.":[39],"However,":[40,78],"these":[41],"methods":[42],"require":[43],"the":[44,104,117,122,149,190,194],"need":[45],"for":[46],"labeling":[47],"data":[48],"get":[50],"enough":[51,75],"training":[52],"modules,":[53],"which":[54],"will":[55],"cause":[56],"lot":[58],"waste":[60],"human":[62],"resources.":[63],"Cross-project":[64],"primarily":[67],"reuses":[68],"trained":[70],"on":[71,111],"other":[72],"projects":[73,90,172],"historical":[76],"data.":[77,95],"this":[79],"strategy":[80],"often":[82],"hindered":[83],"by":[84,114],"large":[85],"distribution":[86],"differences":[87],"across":[88],"different":[89,127,154],"and":[91,124,151,160,186,198],"privacy":[92],"concerns":[93],"Unsupervised":[96],"learning":[97],"technique":[98],"an":[100],"alternative":[101],"solution":[102],"unlabeled":[105],"data,":[106],"but":[107],"it":[108],"mainly":[109],"focuses":[110],"single-view":[112],"concatenating":[115],"all":[116],"metrics.":[119,130],"This":[120,131],"ignores":[121],"diversity":[123,150],"complementarity":[125,152],"types":[128],"study":[132],"proposes":[133],"novel":[135],"approach,":[136],"namely,":[137],"multiview":[138],"unsupervised":[139,187],"(MUSDP).":[143],"It":[144],"aims":[145],"collaboratively":[147],"learn":[148],"views":[155],"build":[157],"robust":[159],"reliable":[161],"model.":[164],"Extensive":[165],"experiments":[166],"on$":[167],"28$releases":[168],"from":[169],"eight":[170],"indicate":[173],"MUSDP":[175],"exhibits":[176],"superior":[177],"or":[178],"comparable":[179],"results":[180],"regardingG-mean,AUC,$P_{\\text{opt}}$,":[181],"andRecall@20%compared":[182],"competing":[184],"methods.":[188],"For":[189],"interpretation":[191],"MUSDP,":[193],"number":[195],"added":[197],"deleted":[199],"lines":[200],"significantly":[201],"influence":[202],"its":[203],"predictions.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}