{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399310732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2024.3394894","title":"UniAda: Universal Adaptive Multiobjective Adversarial Attack for End-to-End Autonomous Driving Systems","display_name":"UniAda: Universal Adaptive Multiobjective Adversarial Attack for End-to-End Autonomous Driving Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399310732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2024.3394894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tr.2024.3394894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2024.3394894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2024.3394894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87725633","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","issn_l":"0018-9529","issn":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2604.23362","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100335719","display_name":"Jingyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-4239","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-4239"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-4239","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051403641","display_name":"Jacky Keung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3803-9600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3803-9600"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacky Wai Keung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3803-9600","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027255721","display_name":"Yan Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2563-083X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2563-083X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-915X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2563-083X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020804635","display_name":"Yihan Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8002-9190","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8002-9190"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yihan Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8002-9190","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042692958","display_name":"Yishu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-4294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-4294"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yishu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-4294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085738488","display_name":"Xiaoxue Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-6074","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-6074"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxue Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-6074","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2495,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2495},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5202,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83324029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"4","first_page":"1892","last_page":"1906"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-attacks","display_name":"adversarial attacks","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomous-driving-systems","display_name":"autonomous driving systems","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"multi-objective optimization","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-box-attacks","display_name":"white-box attacks","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steering-angle-control","display_name":"steering angle control","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speed-control","display_name":"speed control","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning-security","display_name":"deep learning security","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-critical-systems","display_name":"safety-critical systems","score":0.9120000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74296488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527392","display_name":"End-to-end principle","level":2,"score":0.7563008069992065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.7236801385879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5573938488960266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4114637076854706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3736149072647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.34297096729278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.29348891973495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20033740997314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19967061281204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.13974907994270325}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tr.2024.3394894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2024.3394894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2024.3394894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87725633","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","issn_l":"0018-9529","issn":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2604.23362","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23362","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2604.23362","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.23362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2604.23362","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23362","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2604.23362","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2870832654","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"7005217","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3748026768","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9229098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4282291828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9229029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4414281452","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62025604","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G527981196","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9220103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G858210712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9678149","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8661171672","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9220097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399310732.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399310732.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901066477","https://openalex.org/W2055256950","https://openalex.org/W2074466695","https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2161336914","https://openalex.org/W2334860424","https://openalex.org/W2460937040","https://openalex.org/W2543927648","https://openalex.org/W2603766943","https://openalex.org/W2616028256","https://openalex.org/W2620038827","https://openalex.org/W2758107681","https://openalex.org/W2774644650","https://openalex.org/W2888307014","https://openalex.org/W2888510757","https://openalex.org/W2890235476","https://openalex.org/W2901378516","https://openalex.org/W2953303875","https://openalex.org/W2954629067","https://openalex.org/W2962847335","https://openalex.org/W2962894046","https://openalex.org/W2963178695","https://openalex.org/W2963327228","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2991005916","https://openalex.org/W3000280594","https://openalex.org/W3009593063","https://openalex.org/W3011462663","https://openalex.org/W3025279871","https://openalex.org/W3035524670","https://openalex.org/W3089756992","https://openalex.org/W3098755434","https://openalex.org/W3115741658","https://openalex.org/W3125926538","https://openalex.org/W3134924672","https://openalex.org/W3140377724","https://openalex.org/W3171288285","https://openalex.org/W3172477795","https://openalex.org/W3183870986","https://openalex.org/W3190041646","https://openalex.org/W4226409694","https://openalex.org/W4284705139","https://openalex.org/W4285279184","https://openalex.org/W4292347911","https://openalex.org/W4385356567","https://openalex.org/W4385656568","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6684338915","https://openalex.org/W6704559304","https://openalex.org/W6729756640","https://openalex.org/W6745995898","https://openalex.org/W6757758324","https://openalex.org/W6769303498","https://openalex.org/W6796841969","https://openalex.org/W6810173311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4310988119","https://openalex.org/W4285226279","https://openalex.org/W4288019534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adversarial":[0],"attacks":[1,180],"play":[2],"a":[3,43,96,175],"pivotal":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,46],"testing":[7],"and":[8,113,142,155],"improving":[9],"the":[10,25,34,47,126,132],"reliability":[11],"of":[12,36,49,60,74,108,135],"deep":[13],"learning":[14],"(DL)":[15],"systems.":[16,38],"Existing":[17],"literature":[18],"has":[19,40,69],"demonstrated":[20],"that":[21,99],"subtle":[22],"perturbations":[23],"to":[24,164],"input":[26],"can":[27],"elicit":[28],"erroneous":[29],"outcomes,":[30],"thereby":[31],"substantially":[32],"compromising":[33],"security":[35],"DL":[37],"This":[39,169],"emerged":[41],"as":[42,174],"critical":[44],"concern":[45],"development":[48],"DL-based":[50,183],"safety\u2013critical":[51],"systems":[52,56],"like":[53],"autonomous":[54],"driving":[55,144],"(ADSs).":[57],"The":[58],"focus":[59],"existing":[61],"adversarial":[62,105,179],"attack":[63,93],"methods":[64],"on":[65,72,118,167,181],"end-to-end":[66],"(E2E)":[67],"ADSs":[68],"predominantly":[70],"centered":[71],"misbehaviors":[73],"steering":[75,112,154],"angle,":[76],"which":[77],"overlooks":[78],"speed-related":[79],"controls":[80],"or":[81],"imperceptible":[82],"perturbations.":[83],"To":[84],"address":[85],"these":[86],"challenges,":[87],"we":[88],"introduce":[89],"UniAda\u2013a":[90],"multiobjective":[91,122],"white-box":[92],"technique":[94,177],"with":[95,125,139],"core":[97],"function":[98,124],"revolves":[100],"around":[101],"crafting":[102],"an":[103,119],"image-agnostic":[104],"perturbation":[106],"capable":[107],"simultaneously":[109],"influencing":[110],"both":[111,140],"speed":[114,156],"controls.":[115],"UniAda":[116,146,173],"capitalizes":[117],"intricately":[120],"designed":[121],"optimization":[123,134],"adaptive":[127],"weighting":[128],"scheme":[129],"(AWS),":[130],"enabling":[131],"concurrent":[133],"diverse":[136],"objectives.":[137],"Validated":[138],"simulated":[141],"real-world":[143],"data,":[145],"outperforms":[147],"five":[148],"benchmarks":[149],"across":[150],"two":[151],"metrics,":[152],"inducing":[153],"deviations":[157],"from":[158],"3.54$^{\\circ":[159],"}$to":[160],"29$^{\\circ":[161],"}$and":[162],"11":[163],"22":[165],"km/h":[166],"average.":[168],"systematic":[170],"approach":[171],"establishes":[172],"proven":[176],"for":[178],"modern":[182],"E2E":[184],"ADSs.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
