{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2891470077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2018.2863744","title":"Toward a Unified Executable Formal Automobile OS Kernel and Its Applications","display_name":"Toward a Unified Executable Formal Automobile OS Kernel and Its Applications","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2891470077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2018.2863744","mag":"2891470077"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tr.2018.2863744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2018.2863744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87725633","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","issn_l":"0018-9529","issn":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101714804","display_name":"Xiaoran Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-5037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoran Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soft/Hardware Co-design Engineering Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-5037","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soft/Hardware Co-design Engineering Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100402983","display_name":"Min Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1938-2902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, MoE International Joint Lab of Trustworthy Software, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1938-2902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, MoE International Joint Lab of Trustworthy Software, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060680512","display_name":"Jian Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0358-0691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soft/Hardware Co-design Engineering Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soft/Hardware Co-design Engineering Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353779","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0010-5158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soft/Hardware Co-design Engineering Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soft/Hardware Co-design Engineering Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102937444","display_name":"Huibiao Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-8565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huibiao Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, MoE International Joint Lab of Trustworthy Software, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, MoE International Joint Lab of Trustworthy Software, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114251624","display_name":"Jifeng He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jifeng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, MoE International Joint Lab of Trustworthy Software, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, MoE International Joint Lab of Trustworthy Software, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8448,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80665947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"3","first_page":"1117","last_page":"1133"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.8687774538993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7142406702041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6527506709098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5715442895889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.5634136199951172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5010256767272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformance-testing","display_name":"Conformance testing","score":0.4921230673789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4898359477519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-specification","display_name":"Formal specification","score":0.45177334547042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.44206297397613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3999475836753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.17743360996246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11574026942253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.08447715640068054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.8687774538993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7142406702041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6527506709098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5715442895889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5634136199951172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5010256767272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76844732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4072285","display_name":"Conformance testing","level":3,"score":0.4921230673789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4898359477519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.45177334547042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.44206297397613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3999475836753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.17743360996246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11574026942253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.08447715640068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tr.2018.2863744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2018.2863744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87725633","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","issn_l":"0018-9529","issn":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7468986614","display_name":"\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6982\u7387\u5e76\u53d1\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u68c0\u9a8c","funder_award_id":"61532019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8106412415","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61502171","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23983499","https://openalex.org/W33097858","https://openalex.org/W46221314","https://openalex.org/W155695461","https://openalex.org/W192971043","https://openalex.org/W1159406263","https://openalex.org/W1434079718","https://openalex.org/W1510908891","https://openalex.org/W1537208786","https://openalex.org/W1586978832","https://openalex.org/W1877851693","https://openalex.org/W1969064066","https://openalex.org/W1987152405","https://openalex.org/W2015901886","https://openalex.org/W2034981800","https://openalex.org/W2035622896","https://openalex.org/W2035652450","https://openalex.org/W2048417351","https://openalex.org/W2063082961","https://openalex.org/W2076528147","https://openalex.org/W2082036516","https://openalex.org/W2097492295","https://openalex.org/W2101149626","https://openalex.org/W2117802778","https://openalex.org/W2134287022","https://openalex.org/W2143791611","https://openalex.org/W2162540076","https://openalex.org/W2162604396","https://openalex.org/W2163347957","https://openalex.org/W2167755310","https://openalex.org/W2182675218","https://openalex.org/W2208962620","https://openalex.org/W2396950412","https://openalex.org/W2408722556","https://openalex.org/W2495962902","https://openalex.org/W2535818195","https://openalex.org/W2578546025","https://openalex.org/W2589441347","https://openalex.org/W2600478067","https://openalex.org/W2741675276","https://openalex.org/W2761236351","https://openalex.org/W2885034081","https://openalex.org/W2903955564","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W4239863285","https://openalex.org/W4253835178","https://openalex.org/W4255006224","https://openalex.org/W6601347273","https://openalex.org/W6601852438","https://openalex.org/W6628322413","https://openalex.org/W6654508359","https://openalex.org/W6714551317","https://openalex.org/W6731813714","https://openalex.org/W6757135935","https://openalex.org/W6793285265","https://openalex.org/W7058238967"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011785936","https://openalex.org/W2168066965","https://openalex.org/W2145025660","https://openalex.org/W2171674700","https://openalex.org/W1815465552","https://openalex.org/W150512884","https://openalex.org/W1922520186","https://openalex.org/W1903167137","https://openalex.org/W2049993111","https://openalex.org/W2045204345"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"automobile":[1,10,102,181,200,227],"industry,":[2],"it":[3,141],"is":[4,20,28,78,87,135,164],"a":[5,21,37,98,120,166,198,220],"common":[6],"approach":[7],"to":[8,29,43,63,76,80,176,193],"develop":[9,36],"real-time":[11],"operating":[12,201],"systems":[13,75],"under":[14,104],"some":[15],"standards.":[16],"For":[17],"instance,":[18],"OSEK/VDX":[19,105,152,205,217],"world-wide":[22],"adopted":[23],"open":[24],"standard.":[25,206],"Traditional":[26],"workflow":[27],"first":[30],"understand":[31],"the":[32,44,54,71,91,109,113,117,151,158,161,170,178,195,204,208,216],"standard,":[33,45,171],"design":[34,65],"and":[35,46,66,82,183,219],"system,":[38],"then":[39],"test":[40,191],"its":[41],"conformance":[42,72,196],"finally":[47],"deploy.":[48],"There":[49],"are":[50],"several":[51,213],"issues":[52],"with":[53],"traditional":[55],"workflow,":[56],"e.g.,":[57],"ambiguities":[58,156,214],"in":[59,93,116,139,157,215,224],"standards":[60,77],"may":[61],"lead":[62],"incorrect":[64],"implementation":[67,86],"of":[68,73,112,150,169,180,197],"real-world":[69,74,199],"systems;":[70],"difficult":[79],"check;":[81],"bug":[83],"fixing":[84],"after":[85],"costly.":[88],"To":[89],"remedy":[90],"situation,":[92],"this":[94],"paper,":[95],"we":[96,211],"present":[97],"unified":[99],"executable":[100,122,162],"formal":[101,133,148,167,209],"kernel":[103,134,163],"standard":[106,118,153,218],"by":[107],"defining":[108],"operational":[110],"semantics":[111],"system":[114,202],"services":[115],"using":[119],"rewrite-based":[121],"semantic":[123],"framework":[124],"called":[125],"<inline-formula":[126],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[127,137],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[128],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mathbb":[129],"{K}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[130],".":[131],"The":[132],"<italic":[136],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">unified</i>":[138],"that":[140],"serves":[142],"multiple":[143],"purposes":[144],"such":[145],"as:":[146],"1)":[147],"modeling":[149],"helps":[154],"detect":[155],"standard;":[159],"2)":[160],"essentially":[165],"model":[168],"which":[172],"can":[173,187],"be":[174,188],"used":[175,189],"verify":[177],"correctness":[179],"applications;":[182],"3)":[184],"verified":[185],"applications":[186],"as":[190],"cases":[192],"check":[194],"against":[203],"Using":[207],"kernel,":[210],"identify":[212],"potential":[221],"deadlock":[222],"vulnerability":[223],"an":[225],"industrial":[226],"application.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}