{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2522515010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2016.2606125","title":"Cascading Failures on Reliability in Cyber-Physical System","display_name":"Cascading Failures on Reliability in Cyber-Physical System","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2522515010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2016.2606125","mag":"2522515010"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tr.2016.2606125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2016.2606125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87725633","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","issn_l":"0018-9529","issn":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004425960","display_name":"Zuyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-9771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zuyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016162807","display_name":"Wei An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-1357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei An","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101784781","display_name":"Fangming Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1196-6324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangming Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004425960"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9778,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94209843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"4","first_page":"1745","last_page":"1754"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.7410171031951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subnetwork","display_name":"Subnetwork","score":0.6352219581604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascading-failure","display_name":"Cascading failure","score":0.615611732006073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5828813314437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5826821327209473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-theory","display_name":"Reliability theory","score":0.5428053140640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependent-networks","display_name":"Interdependent networks","score":0.5071907043457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.46031826734542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.4387856721878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.425042986869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-block-diagram","display_name":"Reliability block diagram","score":0.41824087500572205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.34595996141433716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.3319385051727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2713654041290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.1937600076198578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failure-rate","display_name":"Failure rate","score":0.11410093307495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tree-analysis","display_name":"Fault tree analysis","score":0.1105378270149231}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.7410171031951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780186347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11414","display_name":"Subnetwork","level":2,"score":0.6352219581604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119323957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048226","display_name":"Cascading failure","level":4,"score":0.615611732006073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5828813314437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5826821327209473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201729545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability theory","level":3,"score":0.5428053140640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101142422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17101727","display_name":"Interdependent networks","level":3,"score":0.5071907043457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.46031826734542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.4387856721878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.425042986869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18074226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310986","display_name":"Reliability block diagram","level":3,"score":0.41824087500572205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34595996141433716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.3319385051727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2713654041290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.1937600076198578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163164238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737027","display_name":"Failure rate","level":2,"score":0.11410093307495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107094494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428453","display_name":"Fault tree analysis","level":2,"score":0.1105378270149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tr.2016.2606125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2016.2606125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87725633","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","issn_l":"0018-9529","issn":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Reliability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3363758508","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61040040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6158104800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61302031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321881","display_name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/05tewj457"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W390146837","https://openalex.org/W1551991454","https://openalex.org/W1650742658","https://openalex.org/W1702887246","https://openalex.org/W1879056329","https://openalex.org/W1953181473","https://openalex.org/W1968164782","https://openalex.org/W1975647474","https://openalex.org/W2008013300","https://openalex.org/W2018505677","https://openalex.org/W2023980011","https://openalex.org/W2028330544","https://openalex.org/W2031139243","https://openalex.org/W2054220856","https://openalex.org/W2058077040","https://openalex.org/W2076138457","https://openalex.org/W2076716761","https://openalex.org/W2080875657","https://openalex.org/W2083420849","https://openalex.org/W2090495398","https://openalex.org/W2098039473","https://openalex.org/W2107932240","https://openalex.org/W2125993726","https://openalex.org/W2135195639","https://openalex.org/W2138210004","https://openalex.org/W2139790188","https://openalex.org/W2143676145","https://openalex.org/W2146354455","https://openalex.org/W2152813708","https://openalex.org/W2157480076","https://openalex.org/W2159600379","https://openalex.org/W2184760819","https://openalex.org/W2313622824","https://openalex.org/W2905110430","https://openalex.org/W3147054256","https://openalex.org/W4237496336","https://openalex.org/W6644273445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076616403","https://openalex.org/W2371613754","https://openalex.org/W4284687079","https://openalex.org/W3194863767","https://openalex.org/W2050410932","https://openalex.org/W4285132848","https://openalex.org/W1968164782","https://openalex.org/W3206636196","https://openalex.org/W4214863698","https://openalex.org/W2590446872"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"cyber-physical":[1],"system":[2,127,190],"consists":[3],"of":[4,29,38,43,54,68,73,83,100,125,132,158,169,176,179,196],"two":[5],"interacting":[6],"networks,":[7],"where":[8],"the":[9,13,18,30,39,44,52,55,62,71,81,109,122,126,130,141,151,167,177,183,189,193],"cyber":[10],"network":[11,24,32,142,152],"overlays":[12],"physical":[14],"network.":[15],"Due":[16],"to":[17,27,51,95,150],"interdependence,":[19],"node":[20,74],"failures":[21,28,37,87],"in":[22,35,70,134,156,188],"one":[23],"may":[25],"lead":[26],"other":[31,207],"and":[33,91,128,163,212],"result":[34],"cascading":[36,86,102],"whole":[40],"system.":[41],"One":[42],"reasons":[45],"for":[46,98],"this":[47,77],"phenomena":[48],"is":[49,148,171],"attributed":[50],"connectivity":[53,131],"interdependent":[56],"system,":[57],"which":[58],"hinges":[59],"heavily":[60],"on":[61,89,202],"operation":[63,123],"probability":[64,110,124],"(or":[65],"equivalently":[66],"reliability)":[67],"networks":[69],"light":[72],"reliability.":[75],"In":[76,136],"paper,":[78],"we":[79,138],"present":[80],"model":[82],"k-reliability,":[84,90,106],"define":[85],"based":[88],"propose":[92],"an":[93,118],"algorithm":[94],"calculate":[96],"k-reliability":[97,155],"estimation":[99],"potential":[101],"failures.":[103],"The":[104],"proposed":[105],"defined":[107],"as":[108],"that":[111,140,185],"at":[112],"least":[113],"k":[114],"surviving":[115],"nodes":[116,133,162,187],"span":[117],"operating":[119],"subnetwork,":[120],"explains":[121],"reflects":[129],"networks.":[135],"particular,":[137],"find":[139],"with":[143,153,160],"regular":[144],"interlink":[145],"allocation":[146],"strategy":[147,184],"homogeneous":[149],"maximum":[154],"class":[157],"graphs":[159],"2n":[161],"2d":[164],"edges":[165],"when":[166],"information":[168,178],"intratopology":[170],"unknown.":[172],"That":[173],"is,":[174],"regardless":[175],"each":[180],"individual":[181],"network,":[182],"all":[186,206],"are":[191],"allotted":[192],"same":[194],"number":[195],"bidirectional":[197],"interlinks":[198],"yields":[199],"better":[200],"performance":[201],"k-":[203],"reliability":[204],"than":[205],"possible":[208],"strategies":[209],"both":[210],"analytically":[211],"experimentally.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
