{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401016875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2024.3434332","title":"SSA: A Uniformly Recursive Bidirection-Sequence Systolic Sorter Array","display_name":"SSA: A Uniformly Recursive Bidirection-Sequence Systolic Sorter Array","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401016875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2024.3434332"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpds.2024.3434332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2024.3434332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97130795","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1045-9219","issn":["1045-9219","1558-2183","2161-9883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087721118","display_name":"Teng Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6150-9634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Teng Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101463922","display_name":"Lan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-3777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101458036","display_name":"Shang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1595-3176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088523316","display_name":"Kangping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4402-3346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087721118"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5198,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61087706,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"10","first_page":"1721","last_page":"1734"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7056721448898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.5688076019287109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systolic-array","display_name":"Systolic array","score":0.47246503829956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3905099034309387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.37173426151275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.14105233550071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.10092809796333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.09204831719398499}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7056721448898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5688076019287109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150741067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2377218","display_name":"Systolic array","level":3,"score":0.47246503829956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3905099034309387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37173426151275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.14105233550071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10092809796333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.09204831719398499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpds.2024.3434332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2024.3434332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97130795","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1045-9219","issn":["1045-9219","1558-2183","2161-9883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2241915452","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072212","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3001460117","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20230201065GX","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335953","funder_display_name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3380686447","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20240101364JC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335953","funder_display_name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335953","display_name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517924526","https://openalex.org/W1544703684","https://openalex.org/W1728173818","https://openalex.org/W1790411776","https://openalex.org/W1976126643","https://openalex.org/W1991300130","https://openalex.org/W2002252837","https://openalex.org/W2003189603","https://openalex.org/W2011178618","https://openalex.org/W2017369466","https://openalex.org/W2025463474","https://openalex.org/W2036564095","https://openalex.org/W2072974923","https://openalex.org/W2075220256","https://openalex.org/W2075509753","https://openalex.org/W2079092669","https://openalex.org/W2087382815","https://openalex.org/W2099438065","https://openalex.org/W2117867289","https://openalex.org/W2126320230","https://openalex.org/W2126436988","https://openalex.org/W2133515394","https://openalex.org/W2141389982","https://openalex.org/W2142869012","https://openalex.org/W2143909327","https://openalex.org/W2153567586","https://openalex.org/W2165011274","https://openalex.org/W2167588340","https://openalex.org/W2173213060","https://openalex.org/W2326587081","https://openalex.org/W2477307441","https://openalex.org/W2539742149","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2766575514","https://openalex.org/W2802559652","https://openalex.org/W2900228909","https://openalex.org/W2907314364","https://openalex.org/W2912695634","https://openalex.org/W2940446214","https://openalex.org/W3005150931","https://openalex.org/W3007468265","https://openalex.org/W3040024858","https://openalex.org/W3046334334","https://openalex.org/W3130920634","https://openalex.org/W4210558642","https://openalex.org/W4230944386","https://openalex.org/W4235295823","https://openalex.org/W4287854615","https://openalex.org/W4316252394","https://openalex.org/W4320067931","https://openalex.org/W4380624123","https://openalex.org/W4387634945","https://openalex.org/W6604197463","https://openalex.org/W6637675705","https://openalex.org/W6858295514"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4240320454","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2070314832","https://openalex.org/W2395557210","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2010232134","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,172],"use":[1],"of":[2,34,39,54,87,133,139,174,186],"reconfigurable":[3],"circuits":[4],"with":[5,82],"parallel":[6],"computing":[7,167],"capabilities":[8],"has":[9],"been":[10],"explored":[11],"to":[12,45,51,119,136,164],"enhance":[13],"sorting":[14,22,143,182],"performance":[15],"and":[16,62,92,112,190],"reduce":[17],"power":[18],"consumption.":[19],"Nonetheless,":[20],"most":[21],"algorithms":[23,144,183],"utilizing":[24],"dedicated":[25],"processors":[26],"are":[27],"designed":[28],"solely":[29],"based":[30],"on":[31,116,169],"the":[32,35,52,99,117,130,140,153,156,160,170],"parallelization":[33],"algorithm,":[36],"lacking":[37],"considerations":[38],"specialized":[40],"hardware":[41],"structures.":[42],"This":[43],"leads":[44],"problems,":[46],"including":[47],"but":[48],"not":[49],"limited":[50],"consumption":[53],"excessive":[55],"I/O":[56],"interface":[57],"resources,":[58,61],"on-chip":[59],"storage":[60],"complex":[63],"layout":[64],"wiring.":[65],"In":[66,107,124],"this":[67,95],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,109,127],"propose":[70],"a":[71,77],"Systolic":[72,157],"Sorter":[73],"Array,":[74],"implemented":[75,110],"by":[76],"Uniform":[78],"Recurrence":[79],"Equation":[80],"(URE)":[81],"highly":[83],"parameterised":[84],"in":[85,184],"terms":[86,185],"data":[88],"size,":[89],"bit":[90],"width":[91],"type.":[93],"Leveraging":[94],"uniformly":[96],"recursive":[97],"structure,":[98],"sorter":[100],"can":[101],"simultaneously":[102],"sort":[103],"two":[104],"independent":[105],"sequences.":[106],"addition,":[108],"global":[111],"local":[113],"control":[114],"modes":[115],"FPGA":[118],"achieve":[120],"higher":[121],"computational":[122],"frequencies.":[123],"our":[125,175],"experiments,":[126],"have":[128],"demonstrated":[129],"speed-up":[131,188],"ratio":[132],"SSA":[134,161,179],"relative":[135],"other":[137,181],"state":[138],"art":[141],"(SOTA)":[142],"using":[145],"C++":[146],"<inline-formula><tex-math":[147],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$std$</tex-math></inline-formula>::<inline-formula><tex-math":[148],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$sort()$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[149],"as":[150],"benchmark.":[151],"Inheriting":[152],"benefits":[154],"from":[155],"Array":[158],"architecture,":[159],"reaches":[162],"up":[163],"810":[165],"Mhz":[166],"frequency":[168],"U200.":[171],"results":[173],"study":[176],"show":[177],"that":[178],"outperforms":[180],"throughput,":[187],"ratio,":[189],"computation":[191],"frequency.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}