{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2600394449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2017.2686383","title":"Elastic State Machine Replication","display_name":"Elastic State Machine Replication","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2600394449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2017.2686383","mag":"2600394449"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpds.2017.2686383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2017.2686383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97130795","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1045-9219","issn":["1045-9219","1558-2183","2161-9883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3495200","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033402672","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Nogueira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-7591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andre Nogueira","raw_affiliation_strings":["LaSIGE, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LaSIGE, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018449751","display_name":"Ant\u00f3nio Casimiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-5739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Casimiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["LaSIGE, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LaSIGE, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003076174","display_name":"Alysson Bessani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8386-1628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alysson Bessani","raw_affiliation_strings":["LaSIGE, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LaSIGE, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033402672"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8648,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87251718,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"9","first_page":"2486","last_page":"2499"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8973454833030701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stateful-firewall","display_name":"Stateful firewall","score":0.760932207107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.7465630769729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6640924215316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","score":0.5203518271446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.4800052046775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.4645193815231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4638184905052185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-state-machine","display_name":"Finite-state machine","score":0.45218557119369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.4509649872779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.30770227313041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23831188678741455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8973454833030701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22927095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784206","display_name":"Stateful firewall","level":3,"score":0.760932207107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.7465630769729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6640924215316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12590798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933199","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5203518271446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.4800052046775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.4645193815231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4638184905052185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167822520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176452","display_name":"Finite-state machine","level":2,"score":0.45218557119369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.4509649872779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.30770227313041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23831188678741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpds.2017.2686383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2017.2686383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97130795","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1045-9219","issn":["1045-9219","1558-2183","2161-9883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3495200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3495200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3495200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3495200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5452878729","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"643964","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6434609644","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UID/CEC/00408/2013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337197","funder_display_name":"Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Supply Chain"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337197","display_name":"Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Supply Chain","ror":"https://ror.org/05tj7dm33"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86651650","https://openalex.org/W140616940","https://openalex.org/W192446467","https://openalex.org/W841409518","https://openalex.org/W1695641920","https://openalex.org/W1726660068","https://openalex.org/W1785664926","https://openalex.org/W1814543774","https://openalex.org/W1850597240","https://openalex.org/W1862208438","https://openalex.org/W1985229168","https://openalex.org/W1992059037","https://openalex.org/W1992479210","https://openalex.org/W2000832815","https://openalex.org/W2003214215","https://openalex.org/W2004743445","https://openalex.org/W2022742564","https://openalex.org/W2029467255","https://openalex.org/W2033803566","https://openalex.org/W2067740651","https://openalex.org/W2075233755","https://openalex.org/W2075854425","https://openalex.org/W2080628151","https://openalex.org/W2081360300","https://openalex.org/W2082224081","https://openalex.org/W2087946700","https://openalex.org/W2098095723","https://openalex.org/W2101123884","https://openalex.org/W2101939036","https://openalex.org/W2103981209","https://openalex.org/W2109213558","https://openalex.org/W2110880385","https://openalex.org/W2114579022","https://openalex.org/W2122142939","https://openalex.org/W2126707271","https://openalex.org/W2133777451","https://openalex.org/W2134337235","https://openalex.org/W2135934107","https://openalex.org/W2136775997","https://openalex.org/W2139068841","https://openalex.org/W2143149536","https://openalex.org/W2149623556","https://openalex.org/W2150013559","https://openalex.org/W2150503355","https://openalex.org/W2152465173","https://openalex.org/W2153704625","https://openalex.org/W2156580773","https://openalex.org/W2159876753","https://openalex.org/W2161346224","https://openalex.org/W2249200448","https://openalex.org/W2271870283","https://openalex.org/W2295265390","https://openalex.org/W2529177614","https://openalex.org/W2611515161","https://openalex.org/W2898697553","https://openalex.org/W3106753174","https://openalex.org/W3138474231","https://openalex.org/W4237774489","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6603500943","https://openalex.org/W6605624610","https://openalex.org/W6607881844","https://openalex.org/W6637325999","https://openalex.org/W6637785022","https://openalex.org/W6637998620","https://openalex.org/W6638279287","https://openalex.org/W6638848706","https://openalex.org/W6638875382","https://openalex.org/W6648576785","https://openalex.org/W6678599852","https://openalex.org/W6682904396","https://openalex.org/W6683427217","https://openalex.org/W6683859357","https://openalex.org/W6691439149","https://openalex.org/W6756008486"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2583381754","https://openalex.org/W2144255176","https://openalex.org/W2222333653","https://openalex.org/W109977192","https://openalex.org/W1970797462","https://openalex.org/W2566747981","https://openalex.org/W4312120139","https://openalex.org/W2342453732","https://openalex.org/W2809541058","https://openalex.org/W3014744767"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"State":[0],"machine":[1],"replication":[2],"(SMR)":[3],"is":[4,19],"a":[5,24,92],"fundamental":[6],"technique":[7,18],"for":[8,97,109,123],"implementing":[9],"stateful":[10],"dependable":[11],"systems.":[12,125],"A":[13],"key":[14],"limitation":[15],"of":[16,23,32,50],"this":[17,83],"that":[20,40,59],"the":[21,30,48,51,77],"performance":[22,78],"service":[25,52],"does":[26],"not":[27],"scale":[28],"with":[29],"number":[31],"replicas":[33],"hosting":[34],"it.":[35],"Some":[36],"works":[37],"have":[38],"shown":[39],"such":[41,101],"scalability":[42],"can":[43],"be":[44],"achieved":[45],"by":[46],"partitioning":[47,62],"state":[49,65,116],"into":[53],"shards.":[54],"The":[55],"few":[56],"SMR-based":[57],"systems":[58],"support":[60],"dynamic":[61],"implement":[63],"ad-hoc":[64],"transfer":[66,95],"protocols":[67],"and":[68,90,99,111,118],"perform":[69],"scaling":[70],"operations":[71],"as":[72],"background":[73],"tasks":[74],"to":[75],"minimize":[76],"degradation":[79],"during":[80],"reconfigurations.":[81],"In":[82],"work":[84],"we":[85],"go":[86],"one":[87],"step":[88],"further":[89],"propose":[91],"modular":[93],"partition":[94],"protocol":[96],"creating":[98],"destroying":[100],"partitions":[102],"at":[103],"runtime,":[104],"thus":[105],"providing":[106],"fast":[107],"elasticity":[108],"crash":[110],"Byzantine":[112],"fault":[113],"tolerant":[114],"replicated":[115],"machines":[117],"making":[119],"them":[120],"more":[121],"suitable":[122],"cloud":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}