{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2553994426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2016.2628742","title":"An Efficient Protection Technique for Last Level STT-RAM Caches in Multi-Core Processors","display_name":"An Efficient Protection Technique for Last Level STT-RAM Caches in Multi-Core Processors","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2553994426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2016.2628742","mag":"2553994426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpds.2016.2628742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2016.2628742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97130795","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1045-9219","issn":["1045-9219","1558-2183","2161-9883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010122501","display_name":"Zahra Azad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6701-1052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahra Azad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084606556","display_name":"Hamed Farbeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4204-9131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamed Farbeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048890255","display_name":"Amir Mahdi Hosseini Monazzah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0613-6844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Mahdi Hosseini Monazzah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065918596","display_name":"Seyed Ghassem Miremadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4347-4380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Ghassem Miremadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7673,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85613445,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"6","first_page":"1564","last_page":"1577"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7594887018203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.6806147694587708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.5848323106765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-core-processor","display_name":"Multi-core processor","score":0.49193382263183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4571308195590973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4532060921192169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.44938769936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.4394945502281189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3956124782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2913709878921509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.19046038389205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10693088173866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08109846711158752}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7594887018203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.6806147694587708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.5848323106765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.49193382263183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4571308195590973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4532060921192169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.44938769936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.4394945502281189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3956124782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2913709878921509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.19046038389205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10693088173866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08109846711158752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpds.2016.2628742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2016.2628742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97130795","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1045-9219","issn":["1045-9219","1558-2183","2161-9883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529285927","https://openalex.org/W1561640861","https://openalex.org/W1968138417","https://openalex.org/W1976146176","https://openalex.org/W1978910126","https://openalex.org/W1985887979","https://openalex.org/W1988091150","https://openalex.org/W1988319887","https://openalex.org/W1988580750","https://openalex.org/W2001641336","https://openalex.org/W2001942348","https://openalex.org/W2003243790","https://openalex.org/W2010202670","https://openalex.org/W2013590087","https://openalex.org/W2016073777","https://openalex.org/W2038491968","https://openalex.org/W2038893948","https://openalex.org/W2040766944","https://openalex.org/W2047768063","https://openalex.org/W2065245972","https://openalex.org/W2074385563","https://openalex.org/W2086878414","https://openalex.org/W2087969078","https://openalex.org/W2098577477","https://openalex.org/W2103126659","https://openalex.org/W2103498248","https://openalex.org/W2105440885","https://openalex.org/W2108048675","https://openalex.org/W2112704250","https://openalex.org/W2113115586","https://openalex.org/W2124306283","https://openalex.org/W2144133653","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2148831941","https://openalex.org/W2255015856","https://openalex.org/W2338546029","https://openalex.org/W2412210707","https://openalex.org/W4234346842","https://openalex.org/W4235904384","https://openalex.org/W4237357144","https://openalex.org/W6644188864","https://openalex.org/W6662266544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3151633427","https://openalex.org/W2212894501","https://openalex.org/W2793465010","https://openalex.org/W3024050170","https://openalex.org/W4293253840","https://openalex.org/W4378977321","https://openalex.org/W1976168335","https://openalex.org/W2119025037","https://openalex.org/W4243132314","https://openalex.org/W2298526277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,21,40,58,71,91,116,132,193],"serious":[2],"problems":[3,52],"of":[4,43,67,128,137,175,182],"SRAM-based":[5],"caches":[6,103],"in":[7,53,62,78,97,185,198],"nano-scale":[8],"technologies,":[9],"researchers":[10],"seek":[11],"for":[12],"new":[13,37],"alternatives.":[14],"Among":[15],"the":[16,23,119,134,146,150,157,172,180],"existing":[17],"options,":[18],"STT-RAM":[19,93,120,129],"seems":[20],"be":[22,56],"most":[24],"promising":[25],"alternative.":[26],"With":[27],"high":[28],"density":[29],"and":[30,87,159,166],"negligible":[31],"leakage":[32],"power,":[33],"STT-RAMs":[34,54],"open":[35],"a":[36,75],"doorto":[38],"respond":[39],"future":[41],"demands":[42],"multi-core":[44,98],"systems,":[45],"i.e.,":[46],"large":[47,101],"on-chip":[48,63],"caches.":[49,64,94,121],"However,":[50],"several":[51],"should":[55],"overcome":[57],"make":[59],"it":[60],"applicable":[61],"High":[65],"probability":[66],"write":[68,130,186,199],"error":[69,125],"due":[70],"stochastic":[72],"switching":[73,184],"is":[74],"major":[76],"problem":[77],"STT-RAMs.":[79],"Conventional":[80],"Error-Correcting":[81],"Codes":[82],"(ECCs)":[83],"impose":[84],"significant":[85],"area":[86,158],"energy":[88,160,200],"consumption":[89,161],"overheads":[90,96,162],"protect":[92,118],"These":[95],"processors":[99],"with":[100,140,145],"last-level":[102],"are":[104],"not":[105],"affordable.":[106],"In":[107],"this":[108],"paper,":[109],"we":[110],"propose":[111],"Asymmetry-Aware":[112],"Protection":[113],"Technique":[114],"(A2PT)":[115],"efficiently":[117],"A2PT":[122,155,178],"benefits":[123],"from":[124],"rate":[126],"asymmetry":[127],"operations":[131,187],"provide":[133],"required":[135],"level":[136,174],"cache":[138],"protection":[139],"significantly":[141],"lower":[142],"overheads.":[143],"Compared":[144],"conventional":[147],"ECC":[148],"configuration,":[149],"evaluation":[151],"results":[152],"show":[153],"that":[154],"reduces":[156],"by":[163,188],"about":[164,194],"42":[165],"50":[167],"percent,":[168,190],"respectively,":[169],"while":[170],"providing":[171],"same":[173],"protection.":[176],"Moreover,":[177],"decreases":[179],"number":[181],"bit":[183],"28":[189],"which":[191],"leads":[192],"25":[195],"percent":[196],"saving":[197],"consumption.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
