{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134118939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2026.3658115","title":"Surveys as UXR: Using Design Thinking to Shape a Survey-Based UX Assessment for Rural Audiences","display_name":"Surveys as UXR: Using Design Thinking to Shape a Survey-Based UX Assessment for Rural Audiences","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134118939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2026.3658115"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2026.3658115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2026.3658115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128296778","display_name":"Kaitlin J. Coyle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaitlin J. Coyle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8872-5077","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028444353","display_name":"Derek G. Ross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-7201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derek G. Ross","raw_affiliation_strings":["Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-7201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128296778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3661032,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"1","first_page":"86","last_page":"105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.05009999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.05009999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13532","display_name":"Education Systems and Policy","score":0.046799998730421066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14007","display_name":"Indigenous and Place-Based Education","score":0.045899998396635056,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-thinking","display_name":"Design thinking","score":0.4645000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-communication","display_name":"Professional communication","score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-methods","display_name":"Design methods","score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technical-writing","display_name":"Technical writing","score":0.272599995136261}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142778471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200670","display_name":"Design thinking","level":2,"score":0.4645000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4059999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781419009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17153102","display_name":"Professional communication","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138852830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2292993","display_name":"Design methods","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98545295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193158","display_name":"Technical writing","level":3,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777455480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038171","display_name":"Participatory design","level":3,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9496109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"Experience design","level":3,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161772715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136996","display_name":"User-centered design","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175815440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115749","display_name":"Business communication","level":2,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2026.3658115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2026.3658115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"<bold":[0,37,128,170,199],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[1,38,129,171,200],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><i>About":[2],"the":[3,20,40,135,182,253],"case:</i></b>":[4,41],"While":[5],"several":[6],"established":[7],"user-experience":[8,161],"research":[9,149,190],"(UXR)":[10],"methods":[11,67,191,240],"can":[12,44,178,218],"reach":[13,219],"far-away":[14],"users":[15],"(e.g.,":[16],"remote":[17],"usability":[18,109],"testing),":[19],"digital":[21],"divide":[22],"makes":[23],"implementation":[24],"difficult,":[25],"especially":[26],"for":[27,51,81,111,229,244],"rural":[28,112],"populations":[29],"facing":[30],"barriers":[31],"to":[32,93,101,115,117,168,225,236,250],"transportation":[33],"and":[34,58,61,85,89,125,142,156,164,209,227],"high-speed":[35],"internet.":[36],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><i>Situating":[39],"Web":[42],"surveys":[43],"eliminate":[45],"these":[46],"concerns":[47],"by":[48,147],"providing":[49],"customization":[50],"specific":[52],"use":[53],"cases,":[54],"gathering":[55],"both":[56],"qualitative":[57],"quantitative":[59],"data,":[60],"combining":[62],"multiple":[63,188],"questionnaires":[64],"and/or":[65],"UXR":[66,97,216,239,245],"within":[68],"them.":[69],"Our":[70,131,173],"case":[71],"study":[72],"demonstrates":[73],"an":[74],"instance":[75],"where":[76],"our":[77,103,118,143],"lab\u2014Auburn":[78],"University's":[79],"Lab":[80],"Usability,":[82],"Communication,":[83],"Interaction,":[84],"Accessibility\u2014used":[86],"advocacy-based":[87],"HCD":[88],"design":[90,133,207],"thinking":[91],"(DT)":[92],"develop":[94],"a":[95,108,210,242],"nonstandard":[96,215],"Qualtrics":[98],"web":[99],"survey":[100,132,206],"solve":[102],"client's":[104],"wicked":[105,254],"problem:":[106],"designing":[107],"test":[110],"audiences":[113],"unable":[114],"travel":[116],"lab":[119],"while":[120],"also":[121],"considering":[122],"time":[123],"constraints":[124],"technological":[126],"literacy.":[127],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><i>Methods:</i></b>":[130],"followed":[134],"Nielsen":[136],"Norman":[137],"Group's":[138],"adaptation":[139],"of":[140,212],"DT,":[141],"process":[144],"was":[145],"informed":[146],"academic":[148],"on:":[150],"1.":[151],"Survey":[152],"design,":[153],"question":[154],"formats,":[155],"response":[157],"bias,":[158],"2.":[159],"Existing":[160],"(UX)/usability":[162],"methods,":[163],"3.":[165],"Mixed-methods":[166],"approaches":[167],"UXR.":[169],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><i>Discussion:</i></b>":[172],"work":[174],"suggests":[175],"this":[176,214],"tool":[177,217],"potentially":[179],"serve":[180],"as":[181],"UX":[183],"testing":[184],"situation":[185],"itself,":[186],"implementing":[187],"in-person":[189],"(i.e.,":[192],"heatmapping,":[193],"user":[194],"interviews,":[195],"card":[196],"sorting)":[197],"virtually.":[198],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><i>Conclusion:</i></b>":[201],"We":[202,231],"conclude":[203],"with":[204],"six":[205],"suggestions":[208],"discussion":[211],"how":[213],"underrepresented":[220],"or":[221],"vulnerable":[222],"populations,":[223],"serving":[224],"empower":[226],"advocate":[228],"users.":[230],"suggest":[232],"that":[233],"using":[234],"DT":[235],"ideate":[237],"new":[238],"is":[241],"means":[243],"practitioners":[246],"conducting":[247],"future":[248],"studies":[249],"better":[251],"address":[252],"problems":[255],"they":[256],"will":[257],"face.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-31T06:02:25.137627","created_date":"2026-03-08T00:00:00"}
