{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392821584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2024.3361328","title":"Beware: Processing of Personal Data\u2014Informed Consent Through Risk Communication","display_name":"Beware: Processing of Personal Data\u2014Informed Consent Through Risk Communication","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392821584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2024.3361328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2024.3361328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2024.3361328","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/47/10472708/10472565.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/47/10472708/10472565.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070908041","display_name":"Lukas Seiling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9023-6890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117750","display_name":"Weizenbaum Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/023kksk09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806","https://openalex.org/I2800804238","https://openalex.org/I2801702882","https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210117750","https://openalex.org/I4577782","https://openalex.org/I46043019","https://openalex.org/I4923324","https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Seiling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9023-6890","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055965559","display_name":"Rita Gsenger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9710-9763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117750","display_name":"Weizenbaum Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/023kksk09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806","https://openalex.org/I2800804238","https://openalex.org/I2801702882","https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210117750","https://openalex.org/I4577782","https://openalex.org/I46043019","https://openalex.org/I4923324","https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rita Gsenger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9710-9763","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056709999","display_name":"Filmona Mulugeta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0360-4175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1332474105","display_name":"Mercedes-Benz (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/055rn2a38","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332474105"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filmona Mulugeta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mercedes-Benz Tech Innovation, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0360-4175","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mercedes-Benz Tech Innovation, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332474105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064302230","display_name":"Marte Henningsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5182-6923"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marte Henningsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut für Kognitionswissenschaft, Osnabrück, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5182-6923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut für Kognitionswissenschaft, Osnabrück, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083776013","display_name":"Lena Mischau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117750","display_name":"Weizenbaum Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/023kksk09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806","https://openalex.org/I2800804238","https://openalex.org/I2801702882","https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210117750","https://openalex.org/I4577782","https://openalex.org/I46043019","https://openalex.org/I4923324","https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lena Mischau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5050-3971","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092452418","display_name":"Marie Schirmbeck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3487-3876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117750","display_name":"Weizenbaum Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/023kksk09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806","https://openalex.org/I2800804238","https://openalex.org/I2801702882","https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210117750","https://openalex.org/I4577782","https://openalex.org/I46043019","https://openalex.org/I4923324","https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie Schirmbeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3487-3876","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8283,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95471587,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"1","first_page":"4","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11573","display_name":"Risk Perception and Management","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informed-consent","display_name":"Informed consent","score":0.6889114379882812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4477062225341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-communication","display_name":"Risk communication","score":0.4316059350967407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3492801785469055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.31264519691467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2660655379295349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.15369302034378052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-medicine","display_name":"Alternative medicine","score":0.12147068977355957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68122502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764527","display_name":"Informed consent","level":3,"score":0.6889114379882812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4477062225341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017634809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84862664","display_name":"Risk communication","level":2,"score":0.4316059350967407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3492801785469055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31264519691467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2660655379295349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.15369302034378052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.12147068977355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2024.3361328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2024.3361328","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/47/10472708/10472565.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:weizenbaum-library.de:id/673","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.weizenbaum-library.de/handle/id/673","pdf_url":"https://www.weizenbaum-library.de/bitstreams/e87f560d-537c-4802-a5f1-1d36879661fd/download","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2024.3361328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2024.3361328","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/47/10472708/10472565.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6048289377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16DII131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392821584.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392821584.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32117899","https://openalex.org/W54483544","https://openalex.org/W160301998","https://openalex.org/W817684483","https://openalex.org/W964600994","https://openalex.org/W996927814","https://openalex.org/W1498728415","https://openalex.org/W1604970029","https://openalex.org/W1640628807","https://openalex.org/W1894613985","https://openalex.org/W1972903596","https://openalex.org/W1991246983","https://openalex.org/W2004543718","https://openalex.org/W2044833080","https://openalex.org/W2046411892","https://openalex.org/W2050544335","https://openalex.org/W2052969001","https://openalex.org/W2070078542","https://openalex.org/W2070567536","https://openalex.org/W2075311278","https://openalex.org/W2097427281","https://openalex.org/W2108554506","https://openalex.org/W2145595443","https://openalex.org/W2182735611","https://openalex.org/W2300752821","https://openalex.org/W2460474575","https://openalex.org/W2550898138","https://openalex.org/W2557607105","https://openalex.org/W2560150188","https://openalex.org/W2744486576","https://openalex.org/W2746313158","https://openalex.org/W2756490226","https://openalex.org/W2763685652","https://openalex.org/W2899225656","https://openalex.org/W2912629415","https://openalex.org/W2914972854","https://openalex.org/W2918300080","https://openalex.org/W2957505890","https://openalex.org/W2963999827","https://openalex.org/W2970592824","https://openalex.org/W3015767612","https://openalex.org/W3020257121","https://openalex.org/W3109300313","https://openalex.org/W3124701710","https://openalex.org/W3126100464","https://openalex.org/W3161163131","https://openalex.org/W3212987434","https://openalex.org/W4206669147","https://openalex.org/W4206777094","https://openalex.org/W4211058292","https://openalex.org/W4220883149","https://openalex.org/W4232787514","https://openalex.org/W4240764827","https://openalex.org/W4240860573","https://openalex.org/W4244787734","https://openalex.org/W4252165476","https://openalex.org/W4252846263","https://openalex.org/W4254729914","https://openalex.org/W4288086187","https://openalex.org/W6625438189","https://openalex.org/W6685684558","https://openalex.org/W6730185109","https://openalex.org/W6730548912","https://openalex.org/W6747772679","https://openalex.org/W6772819746","https://openalex.org/W6790306423","https://openalex.org/W6877084867","https://openalex.org/W7018197807"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:The":[0],"General":[1],"Data":[2],"Protection":[3],"Regulation":[4],"(GDPR)":[5],"has":[6],"been":[7],"applicable":[8],"since":[9],"May":[10],"2018":[11],"and":[12,43,53,182,192,200,233],"aims":[13],"to":[14,61,92],"further":[15],"harmonize":[16],"data":[17,26,58,127,144,155,180,231,248],"protection":[18],"law":[19],"in":[20,46,80,122,139,150,222,235,246],"the":[21,34,86,107,123,140,151,173,190,193,236,263],"European":[22],"Union.":[23],"Processing":[24],"personal":[25,82,126,143,154,224,247],"based":[27],"on":[28,75,243,251],"individuals\u2019":[29],"consent":[30,39,64],"is":[31,44],"lawful":[32],"under":[33],"GDPR":[35,161],"only":[36],"if":[37],"such":[38,84],"meets":[40],"certain":[41],"requirements":[42],"\u201cinformed,\u201d":[45],"particular.":[47],"However,":[48],"complex":[49],"privacy":[50],"notice":[51],"design":[52],"individual":[54],"cognitive":[55],"limitations":[56],"challenge":[57],"subjects\u2019":[59],"ability":[60],"make":[62],"elaborate":[63],"decisions.":[65],"Risk-based":[66],"communication":[67,121,240],"may":[68],"address":[69],"these":[70,104],"issues.Literature":[71],"review:Most":[72],"research":[73],"focuses":[74],"isolated":[76],"aspects":[77],"of":[78,125,142,153,175,238],"risk":[79,93,111,120,210,221,244,259],"processing":[81,124,141,152,223],"data,":[83],"as":[85,106],"actors":[87],"involved,":[88],"specific":[89,137,198],"events":[90,138],"leading":[91],"formation,":[94],"or":[95,158],"distinctive":[96],"(context-dependent)":[97],"consequences.":[98],"We":[99],"propose":[100,255],"a":[101,165,216],"model":[102],"combining":[103],"approaches":[105],"basis":[108],"for":[109,119,209,219,258],"context-independent":[110],"communication.Research":[112],"questions:1.":[113],"What":[114],"are":[115,204],"relevant":[116],"information":[117,183,196,242,256,266],"categories":[118,257],"online?":[128,145],"2.":[129],"Which":[130],"potentially":[131],"adverse":[132],"consequences":[133,149],"can":[134,148],"arise":[135],"from":[136,186],"3.":[146],"How":[147],"be":[156],"avoided":[157],"mitigated?Research":[159],"methodology:The":[160],"was":[162],"examined":[163],"through":[164],"systematic":[166],"qualitative":[167],"content":[168],"analysis.":[169],"The":[170,212],"results":[171,226],"inform":[172],"analysis":[174],"32":[176],"interviews":[177],"with":[178,207,215,241],"privacy,":[179],"protection,":[181],"security":[184],"experts":[185,234],"academia,":[187],"Non-Governmental":[188],"Organizations,":[189],"public,":[191],"private":[194],"sector.Results:Risk-relevant":[195],"categories,":[197],"consequences,":[199],"relations":[201],"between":[202],"them":[203],"identified,":[205],"along":[206],"strategies":[208],"mitigation.":[211],"study":[213],"concludes":[214],"specified":[217],"framework":[218],"perceived":[220],"data.Conclusion:The":[225],"provide":[227],"controllers,":[228],"regulatory":[229,265],"bodies,":[230],"subjects,":[232],"field":[237],"professional":[239],"formation":[245],"processing.":[249],"Based":[250],"our":[252],"analysis,":[253],"we":[254],"communication,":[260],"which":[261],"expand":[262],"current":[264],"requirements.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}