{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4320170182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2022.3228021","title":"Using Eye Tracking to Study Information Selection and Use in Procedures","display_name":"Using Eye Tracking to Study Information Selection and Use in Procedures","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4320170182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2022.3228021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2022.3228021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2022.3228021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041204981","display_name":"Michael Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2100-648X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802534935","display_name":"Merseburg University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04f8x5b20","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802534935"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Studies and Information Sciences, Merseburg University of Applied Sciences, Merseburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2100-648X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Studies and Information Sciences, Merseburg University of Applied Sciences, Merseburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802534935"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041204981"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802534935"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4925,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81485482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"1","first_page":"7","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.78867506980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6166545152664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5731061697006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5271230340003967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5199214816093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3703477084636688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34644585847854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.22268807888031006}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.78867506980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6166545152664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5731061697006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5271230340003967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5199214816093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3703477084636688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34644585847854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22268807888031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2022.3228021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2022.3228021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124859005","https://openalex.org/W128396566","https://openalex.org/W411830526","https://openalex.org/W1605745900","https://openalex.org/W1606929091","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1972268135","https://openalex.org/W2011826874","https://openalex.org/W2013606492","https://openalex.org/W2063578082","https://openalex.org/W2068655728","https://openalex.org/W2070458494","https://openalex.org/W2071541708","https://openalex.org/W2081157820","https://openalex.org/W2102804490","https://openalex.org/W2114620755","https://openalex.org/W2123565526","https://openalex.org/W2129571337","https://openalex.org/W2133269584","https://openalex.org/W2134315877","https://openalex.org/W2149188554","https://openalex.org/W2159696637","https://openalex.org/W2163485875","https://openalex.org/W2163589251","https://openalex.org/W2164626976","https://openalex.org/W2471914955","https://openalex.org/W2541813347","https://openalex.org/W2562074193","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2603768880","https://openalex.org/W2740188130","https://openalex.org/W2793210970","https://openalex.org/W2810989163","https://openalex.org/W2933659345","https://openalex.org/W2958589345","https://openalex.org/W2987618183","https://openalex.org/W2997211803","https://openalex.org/W3002949149","https://openalex.org/W3037885509","https://openalex.org/W3044002230","https://openalex.org/W3101091275","https://openalex.org/W3200438064","https://openalex.org/W4206599219","https://openalex.org/W4230096730","https://openalex.org/W4234436408","https://openalex.org/W4237224350","https://openalex.org/W4246571773","https://openalex.org/W4254272380","https://openalex.org/W4303101870","https://openalex.org/W4360589808","https://openalex.org/W6605151734","https://openalex.org/W6636393548","https://openalex.org/W6801509930","https://openalex.org/W6881908882"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082438799","https://openalex.org/W2084086966","https://openalex.org/W1966986837","https://openalex.org/W2360138227","https://openalex.org/W4365808155","https://openalex.org/W1838455177","https://openalex.org/W1489909378","https://openalex.org/W2392697679","https://openalex.org/W2385990477","https://openalex.org/W2331964906"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"<bold":[0,70,113,171,196,252],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[1,71,114,172,197,253],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Background</b>":[2],":":[3],"Procedures":[4],"are":[5,98,270],"an":[6],"important":[7,79],"part":[8],"of":[9,55,92,186,189,243,259,281],"instructional":[10],"materials.":[11],"To":[12],"support":[13],"practitioners":[14],"in":[15,60,273],"designing":[16],"effective":[17],"procedures,":[18,260],"research":[19,96],"is":[20,50],"needed":[21,99],"on":[22,64,200],"how":[23,38,65],"users":[24,66,148,235],"select":[25],"information":[26],"from":[27,134,161,178],"a":[28,61,190,241,274],"procedure":[29],"and":[30,109,216,230,247,268,288],"put":[31],"it":[32,102,292],"to":[33,44,52,58,78,89,103,107,111,121,283],"use.":[34],"This":[35],"study":[36,53],"demonstrates":[37],"eye":[39,135,162],"tracking":[40,49,85,136,163,278],"can":[41,131,158,293],"be":[42,280,294],"used":[43,51],"inform":[45],"such":[46],"research.":[47],"Eye":[48,84,174,277],"effects":[54],"adding":[56,119],"pictures":[57,120,210,249],"procedures":[59,122,151,206,229],"software":[62],"tutorial":[63],"interact":[67,149],"with":[68,150,192],"procedures.":[69],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Literature":[72],"review:</b>":[73],"Existing":[74],"methods":[75],"have":[76],"led":[77],"insights":[80],"but":[81,220],"face":[82],"limitations.":[83,94],"has":[86],"the":[87,104,138,205,214,218,228,231,234,289],"potential":[88],"overcome":[90],"some":[91],"these":[93],"However,":[95],"designs":[97],"that":[100,140,152,167,233,291],"leave":[101],"user":[105,124],"when":[106,110,204],"read":[108,154],"act.":[112],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Research":[115],"questions:</b>":[116],"1.":[117],"Does":[118],"improve":[123],"performance":[125,143],"and,":[126],"if":[127],"so,":[128],"why?":[129],"What":[130,157],"we":[132,159],"learn":[133,160],"about":[137,142,164],"mechanisms":[139],"bring":[141],"improvements?":[144],"2.":[145],"How":[146],"do":[147],"they":[153,168,182],"\u201cto":[155],"do\u201d?":[156],"reading":[165],"strategies":[166],"spontaneously":[169,239],"adopt?":[170],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Methodology:</b>":[173],"movements":[175],"were":[176],"recorded":[177],"42":[179],"participants":[180],"as":[181],"worked":[183,236],"through":[184],"one":[185],"two":[187],"versions":[188],"tutorial:":[191],"or":[193],"without":[194],"pictures.":[195,208],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Results:</b>":[198],"Accuracy":[199],"tasks":[201],"was":[202],"higher":[203],"included":[207],"Including":[209],"sped":[211],"up":[212],"processing":[213,258],"instructions":[215],"executing":[217],"actions,":[219],"did":[221],"not":[222],"trigger":[223],"more":[224,262],"attention":[225],"switches":[226],"between":[227],"application":[232],"with.":[237],"Users":[238],"adopted":[240],"strategy":[242],"immediate":[244],"task":[245,265],"execution":[246],"processed":[248],"before":[250],"acting.":[251],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Conclusions:</b>":[254],"Pictures":[255],"facilitate":[256],"efficient":[257],"leaving":[261],"resources":[263],"for":[264],"execution.":[266],"Reading":[267],"acting":[269],"tightly":[271],"connected":[272],"complex":[275],"pattern.":[276],"will":[279],"value":[282],"examine":[284],"their":[285],"interplay":[286],"further":[287],"ways":[290],"influenced":[295],"by":[296],"design.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}