{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2548564000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2016.2614742","title":"Rhetorical Work in Crowd-Based Entrepreneurship: Lessons Learned From Teaching Crowdfunding as an Emerging Site of Professional and Technical Communication","display_name":"Rhetorical Work in Crowd-Based Entrepreneurship: Lessons Learned From Teaching Crowdfunding as an Emerging Site of Professional and Technical Communication","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2548564000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2016.2614742","mag":"2548564000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2016.2614742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2016.2614742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079288819","display_name":"Kyle P. Vealey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161171246","display_name":"West Chester University","ror":"https://ror.org/0053n5071","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161171246"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kyle P. Vealey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English, West Chester University, West Chester, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English, West Chester University, West Chester, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161171246"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058763753","display_name":"Jeffrey M. Gerding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey M. Gerding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rhetoric and Composition Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rhetoric and Composition Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079288819"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161171246"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8056,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94726685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"4","first_page":"407","last_page":"427"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12863","display_name":"Web and Library Services","score":0.9223999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","score":0.7618242502212524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impromptu","display_name":"Impromptu","score":0.6236361265182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syllabus","display_name":"Syllabus","score":0.5954160690307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.5726097822189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhetorical-question","display_name":"Rhetorical question","score":0.570110023021698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-communication","display_name":"Professional communication","score":0.5353306531906128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.5300701856613159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.5221288800239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technical-communication","display_name":"Technical communication","score":0.4838660955429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4140307307243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.37178927659988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.26978546380996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.15018171072006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14801138639450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11711183190345764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.7618242502212524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781454322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6007730","display_name":"Impromptu","level":2,"score":0.6236361265182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45504901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q935222","display_name":"Syllabus","level":2,"score":0.5954160690307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.5726097822189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q316694","display_name":"Rhetorical question","level":2,"score":0.570110023021698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781419009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17153102","display_name":"Professional communication","level":2,"score":0.5353306531906128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5300701856613159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5221288800239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64364511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132530","display_name":"Technical communication","level":2,"score":0.4838660955429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4140307307243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.37178927659988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26978546380996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.15018171072006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14801138639450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11711183190345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpc.2016.2614742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2016.2614742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90277605","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","issn_l":"0361-1434","issn":["0361-1434","1558-1500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41580422","https://openalex.org/W56437918","https://openalex.org/W91319164","https://openalex.org/W134994605","https://openalex.org/W597808390","https://openalex.org/W655256701","https://openalex.org/W1517954016","https://openalex.org/W1568531987","https://openalex.org/W1582112693","https://openalex.org/W1597195559","https://openalex.org/W1890180309","https://openalex.org/W1965110024","https://openalex.org/W1965515503","https://openalex.org/W1969259477","https://openalex.org/W2010793828","https://openalex.org/W2010988993","https://openalex.org/W2016024997","https://openalex.org/W2023513002","https://openalex.org/W2146691185","https://openalex.org/W2151102016","https://openalex.org/W2161698680","https://openalex.org/W2182837892","https://openalex.org/W2329395632","https://openalex.org/W2506618771","https://openalex.org/W2778189584","https://openalex.org/W3009367742","https://openalex.org/W3216929452","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602316406","https://openalex.org/W6633843982","https://openalex.org/W6635520355","https://openalex.org/W6685495957","https://openalex.org/W6746671937"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4282934119","https://openalex.org/W2142116515","https://openalex.org/W156058033","https://openalex.org/W4295308957","https://openalex.org/W1964067752","https://openalex.org/W3191366910","https://openalex.org/W2031854721","https://openalex.org/W4224916704","https://openalex.org/W2012452592","https://openalex.org/W2996233753"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Entrepreneurship":[1],"has":[2,269,283,439],"undergone":[3],"significant":[4],"transformations":[5],"in":[6,51,125,151,303],"the":[7,17,27,68,102,119,129,139,177,232,235,239,248,257,264,379,441],"past":[8],"decade":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,26,49,60,83,86,227,286,310,373,411,443,448,460,463],"crowd-based":[12],"models":[13],"of":[14,20,71,95,104,113,135,169,202,207,234,259,266,275,295,424,432,456,476],"innovation":[15],"and":[16,33,44,63,79,90,110,121,132,156,159,162,188,222,237,292,319,327,345,354,363,391,406,465,485],"increasing":[18],"popularity":[19],"crowdfunding.":[21,197],"Crowdfunding":[22],"provides":[23],"an":[24,287],"alternative":[25],"way":[28],"entrepreneurs":[29,89],"traditionally":[30],"raise":[31],"start-up":[32],"operational":[34],"funds":[35],"for":[36,56,77,173,359,381,452],"a":[37,92,191,205,273,349,360,364,370,386,404,430,453],"venture.":[38],"Moreover,":[39],"with":[40,166,322,483],"crowdfunding":[41,170,241,334,382,428],"platforms,":[42],"citizens":[43],"communities":[45],"are":[46],"increasingly":[47,75,299,486],"able":[48],"engage":[50],"entrepreneurial":[52,313],"work":[53],"not":[54,415,446],"only":[55,447],"profit":[57],"but":[58,252,419,458],"also":[59,284,459],"address":[61,142],"social":[62,160,293,405],"civic":[64,196,240,291,323,333,407,433],"problems.":[65],"Problem:":[66],"Given":[67],"expanding":[69],"boundaries":[70],"entrepreneurship,":[72,114,161],"it":[73,165],"is":[74],"important":[76,302],"professional":[78,120,155],"technical":[80,122,157],"communication":[81,123,158],"teachers":[82],"prepare":[84,444],"students":[85,342,368,426,445],"be":[87],"ethical":[88,133,481],"embody":[91],"widening":[93],"array":[94],"rhetorical":[96],"skills.":[97],"Our":[98,395,436],"teaching":[99,149,190,208,224,261,437],"case":[100,150,178,438],"addresses":[101],"question":[103],"how":[105,312,425,462],"we":[106,145,184,308,409],"might":[107],"incorporate":[108],"new":[109,276],"emerging":[111],"forms":[112],"such":[115],"as":[116,272,357,416,421,429,473],"crowdfunding,":[117],"into":[118],"classroom":[124],"ways":[126],"that":[127,136,401],"foreground":[128,403],"social,":[130],"civic,":[131],"dimensions":[134],"work.":[137],"Situating":[138],"case:":[140,249,262],"To":[141],"this":[143,260,281,332,356,374],"question,":[144],"first":[146],"situate":[147],"our":[148],"relevant":[152],"literature":[153],"from":[154],"then":[163,377],"compare":[164],"similar":[167],"cases":[168,423],"being":[171],"used":[172,226,355],"educational":[174],"purposes.":[175],"How":[176],"was":[179],"studied:":[180],"We":[181,198],"describe":[182],"what":[183],"observed":[185],"before,":[186],"during,":[187],"after":[189],"project":[192,215,242,365],"structured":[193],"thematically":[194],"around":[195],"had":[199],"two":[200,339,399,413],"sources":[201],"data:":[203],"(1)":[204,263,341],"collection":[206],"materials,":[209,384],"including":[210,278,385],"syllabi,":[211],"day-to-day":[212],"lesson":[213],"plans,":[214],"prompts,":[216],"in-class":[217],"activities,":[218],"correspondence":[219],"between":[220],"instructors,":[221],"informal":[223],"logs":[225],"record":[228],"impromptu":[229],"reflections":[230],"throughout":[231],"course":[233],"semester;":[236],"(2)":[238,280,367],"materials":[243],"produced":[244],"by":[245],"students.":[246],"About":[247],"Two":[250],"distinct":[251],"related":[253],"problems":[254,472],"have":[255,298],"motivated":[256],"development":[258],"context":[265],"21st-century":[267],"entrepreneurship":[268],"rapidly":[270],"changed":[271],"result":[274],"approaches,":[277],"crowdfunding;":[279],"shift":[282],"led":[285],"increased":[288],"emphasis":[289],"on":[290,348,398],"matters":[294,475],"concern,":[296],"which":[297,376],"become":[300],"more":[301],"contemporary":[304],"business":[305],"models.":[306],"Ultimately,":[307],"seek":[309],"understand":[311],"writing":[314],"projects":[315,400,414],"can":[316],"meld":[317],"commercial":[318],"financial":[320],"motivations":[321],"exigencies,":[324],"direct":[325],"participation,":[326],"stakeholder":[328],"engagement.":[329],"As":[330],"such,":[331],"sequence":[335],"takes":[336],"place":[337],"over":[338],"phases:":[340],"conducted":[343],"primary":[344],"secondary":[346],"research":[347],"local":[350],"problem":[351,375],"or":[352],"exigency":[353],"evidence":[358],"white":[361],"paper":[362],"proposal;":[366],"developed":[369],"feasible":[371],"solution":[372],"formed":[378],"basis":[380],"campaign":[383,389],"Kickstarter":[387],"page,":[388],"video,":[390],"branding":[392],"materials.":[393],"Results:":[394],"results":[396],"focus":[397],"clearly":[402],"mission;":[408],"point":[410],"these":[412,471],"perfect":[417],"examples,":[418],"rather":[420],"illustrative":[422],"engaged":[427],"form":[431],"entrepreneurship.":[434],"Conclusions:":[435],"demonstrated":[440],"need":[442],"pitch":[449],"venture":[450],"ideas":[451],"small":[454],"audience":[455],"investors,":[457],"consider":[461],"identify":[464],"frame":[466],"problems,":[467],"construct":[468],"stories":[469],"about":[470],"pressing":[474],"concern":[477],"and,":[478],"ultimately,":[479],"develop":[480],"relationships":[482],"stakeholders":[484],"diverse":[487],"investors.":[488]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}