{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415063254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3619490","title":"Explicit Visual Prompting for Universal Foreground Segmentations","display_name":"Explicit Visual Prompting for Universal Foreground Segmentations","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415063254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3619490","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41066288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3619490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3619490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082966443","display_name":"Weihuang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-7633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Weihuang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xi Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8043-9117"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intellindust, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intellindust, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005772506","display_name":"Chi\u2010Man Pun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1788-3746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Man Pun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaodong Cun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3607-2236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4396570619","display_name":"Great Bay University","ror":"https://ror.org/01hdgge16","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4396570619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Cun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Technology, Great Bay University, Dongguan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Technology, Great Bay University, Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4396570619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082966443"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2181,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84160226,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"2","first_page":"1762","last_page":"1777"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9769999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6105999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5806999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.5462999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camouflage","display_name":"Camouflage","score":0.498199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.49070000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4683000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.44369998574256897}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7663000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6105999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5806999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.5462999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776196576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196113","display_name":"Camouflage","level":2,"score":0.498199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.49070000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4683000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.44369998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.38839998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160086991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5939193","display_name":"Human visual system model","level":3,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780103172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1309721","display_name":"Visual Objects","level":3,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83248878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344000","display_name":"Active appearance model","level":3,"score":0.2547999918460846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3619490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3619490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41066288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41066288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1552663368","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0193/2023/RIA3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3244434723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MYRG-GRG2024-00065-FST-UMDF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322841","funder_display_name":"Universidade de Macau"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5685164679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MYRG-GRG2023-00131-FST","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322841","funder_display_name":"Universidade de Macau"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6469473707","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0079/2025/AFJ","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7124982422","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0141/2023/RIA2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/044vr6g03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322841","display_name":"Universidade de Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566291503","https://openalex.org/W1884470205","https://openalex.org/W1894057436","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1998270967","https://openalex.org/W2009130368","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2039313011","https://openalex.org/W2054203848","https://openalex.org/W2059753722","https://openalex.org/W2070484489","https://openalex.org/W2073839959","https://openalex.org/W2086791339","https://openalex.org/W2092792357","https://openalex.org/W2097506049","https://openalex.org/W2100470808","https://openalex.org/W2121029817","https://openalex.org/W2121034719","https://openalex.org/W2131297486","https://openalex.org/W2141562793","https://openalex.org/W2153361333","https://openalex.org/W2157030221","https://openalex.org/W2166502676","https://openalex.org/W2169439181","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2294182682","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2519623608","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2566605673","https://openalex.org/W2592739057","https://openalex.org/W2737258237","https://openalex.org/W2740667773","https://openalex.org/W2767829160","https://openalex.org/W2771617895","https://openalex.org/W2799247888","https://openalex.org/W2800623305","https://openalex.org/W2884217841","https://openalex.org/W2895126795","https://openalex.org/W2911602132","https://openalex.org/W2914483840","https://openalex.org/W2925753896","https://openalex.org/W2939217524","https://openalex.org/W2943545929","https://openalex.org/W2948407537","https://openalex.org/W2948670693","https://openalex.org/W2948988617","https://openalex.org/W2954432404","https://openalex.org/W2963014378","https://openalex.org/W2963447079","https://openalex.org/W2963819848","https://openalex.org/W2964146055","https://openalex.org/W2994720379","https://openalex.org/W2998154526","https://openalex.org/W3014641072","https://openalex.org/W3027377338","https://openalex.org/W3034185160","https://openalex.org/W3034627419","https://openalex.org/W3034684132","https://openalex.org/W3082623289","https://openalex.org/W3108292056","https://openalex.org/W3113755791","https://openalex.org/W3121523901","https://openalex.org/W3122006940","https://openalex.org/W3136675246","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3168112135","https://openalex.org/W3169396366","https://openalex.org/W3175515048","https://openalex.org/W3176152216","https://openalex.org/W3179443972","https://openalex.org/W3183637664","https://openalex.org/W3185341429","https://openalex.org/W3191117306","https://openalex.org/W3198675127","https://openalex.org/W3204290641","https://openalex.org/W3216509381","https://openalex.org/W4205688290","https://openalex.org/W4214561053","https://openalex.org/W4231972595","https://openalex.org/W4283724275","https://openalex.org/W4294255647","https://openalex.org/W4304084084","https://openalex.org/W4312642299","https://openalex.org/W4312651322","https://openalex.org/W4312815172","https://openalex.org/W4312880622","https://openalex.org/W4312981036","https://openalex.org/W4313156423","https://openalex.org/W4313546627","https://openalex.org/W4322576459","https://openalex.org/W4386065718","https://openalex.org/W4386071839","https://openalex.org/W4386072314","https://openalex.org/W4386076039","https://openalex.org/W4386076112","https://openalex.org/W4387757595","https://openalex.org/W4388683900","https://openalex.org/W4390874451","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4390874712"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Foreground":[0],"segmentation":[1,55],"is":[2,94,103],"a":[3,47,51,77,96,132,141,148],"fundamental":[4],"problem":[5],"in":[6,39,73,167,191],"computer":[7],"vision,":[8],"which":[9,93],"includes":[10],"salient":[11],"object":[12,23],"detection,":[13,15,18,20],"forgery":[14],"defocus":[16],"blur":[17],"shadow":[19],"and":[21,36,68,75,126,135,161,196],"camouflage":[22],"detection.":[24],"Previous":[25],"works":[26],"have":[27],"typically":[28,95],"relied":[29],"on":[30,110],"domain-specific":[31],"solutions":[32],"to":[33,104],"address":[34],"accuracy":[35],"robustness":[37],"issues":[38],"those":[40],"applications.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"we":[45],"present":[46],"unified":[48],"framework":[49],"for":[50],"number":[52,150],"of":[53,151],"foreground":[54],"tasks":[56,172],"without":[57],"any":[58],"task-specific":[59,138,179],"designs.":[60],"We":[61],"take":[62],"inspiration":[63],"from":[64,88,115,122],"the":[65,89,106,111,120,174,189],"widely-used":[66],"pre-training":[67],"then":[69,136],"prompt":[70],"tuning":[71],"protocols":[72],"NLP":[74],"propose":[76],"new":[78],"visual":[79,91,113],"prompting":[80,92],"model,":[81],"named":[82],"Explicit":[83],"Visual":[84],"Prompting":[85],"(EVP).":[86],"Different":[87],"previous":[90],"dataset-level":[97],"implicit":[98],"embedding,":[99],"our":[100],"key":[101],"insight":[102],"enforce":[105],"tunable":[107,152],"parameters":[108],"focusing":[109],"explicit":[112],"content":[114],"each":[116],"individual":[117],"image,":[118],"i.e.,":[119],"features":[121],"frozen":[123],"patch":[124],"embeddings":[125],"high-frequency":[127],"components.":[128],"Our":[129],"method":[130,176,187],"freezes":[131],"pre-trained":[133,194],"model":[134],"learns":[137],"knowledge":[139],"using":[140],"few":[142],"extra":[143],"parameters.":[144],"Despite":[145],"introducing":[146],"only":[147],"small":[149],"parameters,":[153],"EVP":[154],"achieves":[155],"superior":[156],"performance":[157],"than":[158],"full":[159],"fine-tuning":[160,164],"other":[162,178],"parameter-efficient":[163],"methods.":[165],"Experiments":[166],"fourteen":[168],"datasets":[169],"across":[170],"five":[171],"show":[173],"proposed":[175,186],"outperforms":[177],"methods":[180],"while":[181],"being":[182],"considerably":[183],"simple.":[184],"The":[185],"demonstrates":[188],"scalability":[190],"different":[192],"architectures,":[193],"weights,":[195],"tasks.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-11T00:00:00"}
