{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414404880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3613269","title":"ADA-Track++: End-to-End Multi-Camera 3D Multi-Object Tracking With Alternating Detection and Association","display_name":"ADA-Track++: End-to-End Multi-Camera 3D Multi-Object Tracking With Alternating Detection and Association","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414404880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3613269","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40982527"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3613269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3613269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006985408","display_name":"Shuxiao Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-5585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuxiao Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany","University of Bonn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024315223","display_name":"Lukas Schneider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-9248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1332474105","display_name":"Mercedes-Benz (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/055rn2a38","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332474105"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Schneider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mercedes-Benz AG, Stuttgart, Germany","Mercedes-Benz AG, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mercedes-Benz AG, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332474105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mercedes-Benz AG, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332474105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052282903","display_name":"Marius Cordts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8729-9233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1332474105","display_name":"Mercedes-Benz (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/055rn2a38","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332474105"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marius Cordts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mercedes-Benz AG, Stuttgart, Germany","Mercedes-Benz AG, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mercedes-Benz AG, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332474105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mercedes-Benz AG, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332474105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012240246","display_name":"J\u00fcergen Gall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-3399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juergen Gall","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany","University of Bonn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006985408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2181,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83705223,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"1","first_page":"482","last_page":"499"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-association","display_name":"Data association","score":0.7296000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.6651999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6166999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association","display_name":"Association (psychology)","score":0.5835000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.546500027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4794999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4401000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4124000072479248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983325608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084606","display_name":"Data association","level":3,"score":0.7296000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6651999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6586999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6166999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5835000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.546500027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.49149999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4794999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4401000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193524817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386780","display_name":"Association rule learning","level":2,"score":0.3903000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33347731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285210","display_name":"Stacking","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3613269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3613269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40982527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40982527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1566041646","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1927/5-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124781496","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2222512263","https://openalex.org/W2252355370","https://openalex.org/W2603203130","https://openalex.org/W2612624696","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2970987838","https://openalex.org/W3035442500","https://openalex.org/W3035574168","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3109395584","https://openalex.org/W3119686997","https://openalex.org/W3132607695","https://openalex.org/W3136115421","https://openalex.org/W3149936330","https://openalex.org/W3167095230","https://openalex.org/W3173664046","https://openalex.org/W3181852566","https://openalex.org/W3207707490","https://openalex.org/W3217365746","https://openalex.org/W4214530037","https://openalex.org/W4225422725","https://openalex.org/W4225793049","https://openalex.org/W4226100504","https://openalex.org/W4286904999","https://openalex.org/W4287027946","https://openalex.org/W4296900136","https://openalex.org/W4310467366","https://openalex.org/W4312447253","https://openalex.org/W4312473433","https://openalex.org/W4312689495","https://openalex.org/W4312894406","https://openalex.org/W4312961069","https://openalex.org/W4313068503","https://openalex.org/W4319866011","https://openalex.org/W4320736629","https://openalex.org/W4382203297","https://openalex.org/W4382450829","https://openalex.org/W4382464460","https://openalex.org/W4385764557","https://openalex.org/W4386072002","https://openalex.org/W4386075680","https://openalex.org/W4386075696","https://openalex.org/W4386076204","https://openalex.org/W4389665012","https://openalex.org/W4389665756","https://openalex.org/W4390871904","https://openalex.org/W4390872843","https://openalex.org/W4390874110","https://openalex.org/W4390874146","https://openalex.org/W4390874598","https://openalex.org/W4393149498","https://openalex.org/W4402716226","https://openalex.org/W4402944029"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"query-based":[1],"approaches":[2,46],"for":[3,15,21,35,91,158,163,174],"3D":[4,92,151],"Multi-Object":[5],"Tracking":[6],"(MOT)":[7],"adopt":[8],"the":[9,37,48,73,79,145,175,183,191,196,203],"tracking-by-attention":[10],"paradigm,":[11],"utilizing":[12],"track":[13,23,56],"queries":[14,20,31,59,171],"identity-consistent":[16],"detection":[17,28,38,58,74,159,176],"and":[18,29,39,51,57,75,110,160,177,194],"object":[19],"identity-agnostic":[22],"spawning.":[24],"Tracking-by-attention,":[25],"however,":[26,67],"entangles":[27],"tracking":[30,40],"in":[32,119],"one":[33],"embedding":[34],"both":[36,82],"task,":[41],"which":[42,124],"is":[43],"sub-optimal.":[44],"Other":[45],"resemble":[47],"tracking-by-detection":[49],"paradigm":[50],"detect":[52],"objects":[53],"using":[54],"decoupled":[55],"followed":[60],"by":[61,135],"a":[62,87,99,149],"subsequent":[63],"association.":[64,165],"These":[65],"methods,":[66],"do":[68],"not":[69],"leverage":[70],"synergies":[71],"between":[72],"association":[76,102,122,132,142,178],"task.":[77],"Combining":[78],"strengths":[80],"of":[81,148,198],"paradigms,":[83],"we":[84,139],"introduce":[85,98],"ADA-Track++,":[86],"novel":[88],"end-to-end":[89],"framework":[90],"MOT":[93],"from":[94],"multi-view":[95],"cameras.":[96],"We":[97,113,186],"learnable":[100],"data":[101,164],"module":[103,143],"based":[104],"on":[105,190],"edge-augmented":[106],"cross-attention,":[107],"leveraging":[108],"appearance":[109],"geometric":[111],"features.":[112],"also":[114],"propose":[115],"an":[116],"auxiliary":[117],"token":[118],"this":[120,141],"attention-based":[121],"module,":[123],"helps":[125],"mitigate":[126],"disproportionately":[127],"high":[128],"attention":[129,136],"to":[130,202],"incorrect":[131],"targets":[133],"caused":[134],"normalization.":[137],"Furthermore,":[138],"integrate":[140],"into":[144],"decoder":[146,169],"layer":[147],"DETR-based":[150],"detector,":[152],"enabling":[153],"simultaneous":[154],"DETR-like":[155],"query-to-image":[156],"cross-attention":[157,162],"query-to-query":[161],"By":[166],"stacking":[167],"these":[168],"layers,":[170],"are":[172],"refined":[173],"task":[179,184],"alternately,":[180],"effectively":[181],"harnessing":[182],"dependencies.":[185],"evaluate":[187],"our":[188,199],"method":[189],"nuScenes":[192],"dataset":[193],"demonstrate":[195],"advantage":[197],"approach":[200],"compared":[201],"two":[204],"previous":[205],"paradigms.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
