{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410204600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3568447","title":"Visibility-Aware Multi-View Stereo by Surface Normal Weighting for Occlusion Robustness","display_name":"Visibility-Aware Multi-View Stereo by Surface Normal Weighting for Occlusion Robustness","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410204600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3568447","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40338714"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3568447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3568447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112988755","display_name":"Hyucksang Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyucksang Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1786-4734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101458179","display_name":"Seongmin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-5077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145808223","display_name":"Hanbat National University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x514t95","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145808223"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seongmin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence Software, Hanbat National University, Sejong, South Korea","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-5077","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Software, Hanbat National University, Sejong, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145808223"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sanghoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-5347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145808223","display_name":"Hanbat National University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x514t95","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145808223"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanghoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence Software, Hanbat National University, Sejong, South Korea","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-5347","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Software, Hanbat National University, Sejong, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145808223"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8048,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90302007,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"9","first_page":"7526","last_page":"7542"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13579","display_name":"Image and Video Stabilization","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7945011854171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7743614912033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7693768739700317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7011622190475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.6479737758636475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.6394062638282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereopsis","display_name":"Stereopsis","score":0.42097240686416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08373045921325684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7945011854171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7743614912033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7693768739700317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7011622190475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.6479737758636475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.6394062638282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68537008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247932","display_name":"Stereopsis","level":2,"score":0.42097240686416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08373045921325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3568447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2025.3568447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40338714","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40338714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992642990","https://openalex.org/W2008706659","https://openalex.org/W2085905957","https://openalex.org/W2128052895","https://openalex.org/W2132375814","https://openalex.org/W2138821028","https://openalex.org/W2139765204","https://openalex.org/W2167667767","https://openalex.org/W2203247724","https://openalex.org/W2205172244","https://openalex.org/W2338968644","https://openalex.org/W2464708700","https://openalex.org/W2471962767","https://openalex.org/W2519683295","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2599802623","https://openalex.org/W2601564443","https://openalex.org/W2738551266","https://openalex.org/W2926429807","https://openalex.org/W2962793285","https://openalex.org/W2963070315","https://openalex.org/W2964153986","https://openalex.org/W2967693513","https://openalex.org/W2997111976","https://openalex.org/W3034530552","https://openalex.org/W3034600477","https://openalex.org/W3035257660","https://openalex.org/W3097305369","https://openalex.org/W3107271392","https://openalex.org/W3118982599","https://openalex.org/W3170262190","https://openalex.org/W3174025609","https://openalex.org/W3174525923","https://openalex.org/W3204267695","https://openalex.org/W3208591223","https://openalex.org/W4213215721","https://openalex.org/W4226378167","https://openalex.org/W4241865353","https://openalex.org/W4281640624","https://openalex.org/W4289812641","https://openalex.org/W4306157941","https://openalex.org/W4312253793","https://openalex.org/W4312725665","https://openalex.org/W4313028367","https://openalex.org/W4313143504","https://openalex.org/W4372337605","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386066351","https://openalex.org/W4386215105","https://openalex.org/W4390872895","https://openalex.org/W4390874066","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6747827861","https://openalex.org/W6780948282","https://openalex.org/W6811128913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2392812199","https://openalex.org/W4200176076","https://openalex.org/W598185802","https://openalex.org/W2390004782","https://openalex.org/W2114267838","https://openalex.org/W2356962014","https://openalex.org/W2031620013","https://openalex.org/W125675508","https://openalex.org/W1536406305"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"learning-based":[1],"multi-view":[2,172],"stereo":[3],"(MVS)":[4],"still":[5],"exhibits":[6],"insufficient":[7],"accuracy":[8],"in":[9,41,69,160,193],"large":[10],"occlusion":[11,163,167],"cases,":[12],"such":[13],"as":[14,38],"environments":[15],"with":[16,24],"significant":[17,39],"inter-camera":[18],"distance":[19],"or":[20],"when":[21],"capturing":[22],"objects":[23],"complex":[25],"shapes.":[26],"This":[27],"is":[28],"because":[29],"incorrect":[30],"image":[31],"features":[32,68],"extracted":[33],"from":[34],"occluded":[35],"areas":[36],"serve":[37],"noise":[40],"the":[42,70,118,128],"cost":[43,71,83],"volume":[44,72,84],"construction.":[45],"To":[46,165],"address":[47],"this,":[48],"we":[49,79,116,169],"propose":[50,100],"a":[51,81,94,110,171],"visibility-aware":[52],"MVS":[53],"using":[54,93],"surface":[55,95],"normal":[56,96],"weighting":[57],"(SnowMVSNet)":[58],"based":[59],"on":[60,139,143],"explicit":[61],"3D":[62,133],"geometry.":[63],"It":[64],"selectively":[65],"suppresses":[66],"mismatched":[67],"construction":[73],"by":[74,137],"computing":[75],"inter-view":[76,145],"visibility.":[77],"Additionally,":[78],"present":[80],"geometry-guided":[82],"regularization":[85],"that":[86,103,187],"enhances":[87],"true":[88],"depth":[89,91,122],"among":[90],"hypotheses":[92],"prior.":[97],"We":[98],"also":[99],"intra-view":[101,114,147],"visibility":[102,148],"distinguishes":[104],"geometrically":[105],"more":[106],"visible":[107,140],"pixels":[108],"within":[109],"reference":[111],"view.":[112],"Using":[113],"visibility,":[115],"introduce":[117],"visibility-weighted":[119],"training":[120],"and":[121,146,196],"estimation":[123],"methods.":[124],"These":[125],"methods":[126,192],"enable":[127],"network":[129],"to":[130,156,182],"achieve":[131],"accurate":[132],"point":[134],"cloud":[135],"reconstruction":[136],"focusing":[138],"regions.":[141],"Based":[142],"simple":[144],"computations,":[149],"SnowMVSNet":[150,188],"accomplishes":[151],"substantial":[152],"performance":[153],"improvements":[154],"relative":[155],"computational":[157],"complexity,":[158],"particularly":[159],"terms":[161],"of":[162],"robustness.":[164],"evaluate":[166],"robustness,":[168],"constructed":[170],"human":[173,178],"(MVHuman)":[174],"dataset":[175],"containing":[176],"general":[177],"body":[179],"shapes":[180],"prone":[181],"self-occlusion.":[183],"Extensive":[184],"experiments":[185],"demonstrated":[186],"significantly":[189],"outperformed":[190],"state-of-the-art":[191],"both":[194],"low-":[195],"high-occlusion":[197],"scenarios.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
