{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395113705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2024.3393408","title":"What Makes Deviant Places?","display_name":"What Makes Deviant Places?","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395113705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2024.3393408","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38656859"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2024.3393408","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2024.3393408","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051455230","display_name":"Jin-Hwi Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7874-2344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130020584","display_name":"International Graduate School of English","ror":"https://ror.org/0181xpd52","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130020584"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Hwi Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI Graduate School, GIST, Gwangju, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Graduate School, GIST, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130020584"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101858993","display_name":"Young-Jae Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1464-7545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130020584","display_name":"International Graduate School of English","ror":"https://ror.org/0181xpd52","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130020584"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Jae Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI Graduate School, GIST, Gwangju, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Graduate School, GIST, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130020584"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095881740","display_name":"Ilyung Cheong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-6074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilyung Cheong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business and Technology Management, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business and Technology Management, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087371141","display_name":"Junoh Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0860-8469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39534123","display_name":"Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024kbgz78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junoh Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, GIST, Gwangju, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, GIST, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023750017","display_name":"Young Eun Huh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3069-319X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young Eun Huh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business and Technology Management, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business and Technology Management, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041516963","display_name":"Hae\u2010Gon Jeon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-1666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130020584","display_name":"International Graduate School of English","ror":"https://ror.org/0181xpd52","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130020584"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hae-Gon Jeon","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI Graduate School, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, GIST, Gwangju, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Graduate School, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, GIST, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130020584"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051455230"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130020584"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1326,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79797173,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"11","first_page":"7405","last_page":"7420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13728","display_name":"Crime, Deviance, and Social Control","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6395553350448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5543743371963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3436800241470337}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6395553350448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5543743371963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3436800241470337}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2024.3393408","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2024.3393408","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38656859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38656859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6499253949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2023-00256888","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322010","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7241817601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"S1602-20-1001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322010","display_name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport","ror":"https://ror.org/04xt5aa77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324625","display_name":"Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement","ror":"https://ror.org/00rxf7n07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W265421414","https://openalex.org/W622702035","https://openalex.org/W1522734439","https://openalex.org/W1744548356","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1963897761","https://openalex.org/W1968147892","https://openalex.org/W1968649089","https://openalex.org/W1970857383","https://openalex.org/W1976464768","https://openalex.org/W1979728958","https://openalex.org/W2003656509","https://openalex.org/W2021849160","https://openalex.org/W2032987317","https://openalex.org/W2035430745","https://openalex.org/W2040856198","https://openalex.org/W2063517180","https://openalex.org/W2065152480","https://openalex.org/W2066082806","https://openalex.org/W2079240142","https://openalex.org/W2085058138","https://openalex.org/W2091821098","https://openalex.org/W2093433705","https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2115654193","https://openalex.org/W2115846140","https://openalex.org/W2135552470","https://openalex.org/W2139065426","https://openalex.org/W2139790893","https://openalex.org/W2161986609","https://openalex.org/W2165933142","https://openalex.org/W2206955770","https://openalex.org/W2478090196","https://openalex.org/W2525178570","https://openalex.org/W2561373015","https://openalex.org/W2588431634","https://openalex.org/W2732873697","https://openalex.org/W2767853542","https://openalex.org/W2787091153","https://openalex.org/W2792012907","https://openalex.org/W2797251101","https://openalex.org/W2809488380","https://openalex.org/W2900752767","https://openalex.org/W2904269315","https://openalex.org/W2904550917","https://openalex.org/W2914265404","https://openalex.org/W2917053733","https://openalex.org/W2936214709","https://openalex.org/W2939078500","https://openalex.org/W2950018712","https://openalex.org/W2962705366","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963073217","https://openalex.org/W2963155035","https://openalex.org/W2963524571","https://openalex.org/W2963616706","https://openalex.org/W2963820951","https://openalex.org/W2963865469","https://openalex.org/W2972630156","https://openalex.org/W3003409790","https://openalex.org/W3015982567","https://openalex.org/W3043075211","https://openalex.org/W3094717204","https://openalex.org/W3107527198","https://openalex.org/W3112826508","https://openalex.org/W3121284282","https://openalex.org/W3125226067","https://openalex.org/W3125886629","https://openalex.org/W3126721948","https://openalex.org/W3130575371","https://openalex.org/W3135638841","https://openalex.org/W3200989104","https://openalex.org/W3212368439","https://openalex.org/W4214612132","https://openalex.org/W4242965589","https://openalex.org/W4248470197","https://openalex.org/W4256132769","https://openalex.org/W4283798379","https://openalex.org/W4386723894","https://openalex.org/W6682864246","https://openalex.org/W6721933647","https://openalex.org/W6748382702","https://openalex.org/W6756716471","https://openalex.org/W6759654090","https://openalex.org/W6788125050"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"safety":[1],"plays":[2],"an":[3],"essential":[4],"role":[5,33],"in":[6,13,37,173,201],"the":[7,14,32,38,202],"quality":[8],"of":[9,17,34,40,59,124,157],"citizens'":[10],"lives":[11],"and":[12,68,81,104,187],"sustainable":[15],"development":[16,39],"cities.":[18,175],"In":[19,86],"recent":[20],"years,":[21],"researchers":[22],"have":[23,46,69],"attempted":[24],"to":[25,30,168,192],"apply":[26],"machine":[27],"learning":[28],"techniques":[29],"identify":[31],"location-specific":[35],"attributes":[36,156],"urban":[41,84],"safety.":[42,85],"However,":[43],"existing":[44],"studies":[45],"mainly":[47],"relied":[48],"on":[49,62,72],"limited":[50],"images":[51,136],"(e.g.,":[52,102,108],"map":[53],"images,":[54],"single-":[55],"or":[56],"four-directional":[57],"images)":[58],"areas":[60],"based":[61],"a":[63,91,119,148],"relatively":[64],"large":[65],"geographical":[66],"unit":[67],"narrowly":[70],"focused":[71],"severe":[73],"crime":[74],"rates,":[75],"which":[76,97,179],"limits":[77],"their":[78],"predictive":[79],"performance":[80],"implications":[82],"for":[83,128,184],"this":[87],"work,":[88],"we":[89,116,177],"propose":[90],"novel":[92],"method":[93],"that":[94,152,163],"predicts":[95],"\"deviance,\"":[96],"includes":[98],"formal":[99],"deviant":[100,106,158],"crimes":[101],"murders)":[103],"informal":[105],"behaviors":[107],"loud":[109],"parties":[110],"at":[111],"night).":[112],"To":[113],"do":[114],"this,":[115],"first":[117],"collect":[118],"large-scale":[120],"geo-tagged":[121],"dataset":[122],"consisting":[123],"incident":[125,138],"report":[126],"data":[127],"seven":[129],"metropolitan":[130],"cities,":[131],"along":[132],"with":[133,190],"corresponding":[134],"sequential":[135],"around":[137],"sites":[139],"obtained":[140],"from":[141],"Google":[142],"Street":[143],"View.":[144],"We":[145],"then":[146],"design":[147],"convolutional":[149],"neural":[150,203],"network":[151],"learns":[153],"spatio-temporal":[154],"visual":[155,180],"streets.":[159],"Experimental":[160],"results":[161],"show":[162],"our":[164],"framework":[165],"is":[166,182],"able":[167],"reliably":[169],"recognize":[170],"real-world":[171],"deviance":[172,185],"various":[174],"Furthermore,":[176],"analyze":[178],"attribute":[181],"important":[183],"identification":[186],"severity":[188],"estimation":[189],"respect":[191],"social":[193],"science":[194],"as":[195,197],"well":[196],"activated":[198],"feature":[199],"maps":[200],"network.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
