{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385486282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2023.3301451","title":"Reverse Engineering of Generative Models: Inferring Model Hyperparameters From Generated Images","display_name":"Reverse Engineering of Generative Models: Inferring Model Hyperparameters From Generated Images","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385486282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2023.3301451","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37531306"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2023.3301451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2023.3301451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091625984","display_name":"Vishal Asnani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8863-673X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vishal Asnani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051120254","display_name":"Xi Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4779-4501"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta AI, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta AI, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075765401","display_name":"Tal Hassner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2275-1406"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tal Hassner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta AI, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta AI, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100409052","display_name":"Xiaoming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3215-8753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091625984"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5366,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97108746,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"12","first_page":"15477","last_page":"15493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.8024958372116089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7031508684158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.70097815990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.5458765625953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4959195554256439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-engineering","display_name":"Reverse engineering","score":0.4744884967803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4736429750919342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.44766849279403687}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.8024958372116089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7031508684158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.70097815990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.5458765625953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4959195554256439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.4744884967803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4736429750919342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44766849279403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2023.3301451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2023.3301451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37531306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37531306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1184184362","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HR00112090131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310016","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W967544008","https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W1968164921","https://openalex.org/W1985690171","https://openalex.org/W2006028575","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2012950438","https://openalex.org/W2068258779","https://openalex.org/W2084309543","https://openalex.org/W2085261163","https://openalex.org/W2092126505","https://openalex.org/W2096754397","https://openalex.org/W2102810410","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2109255472","https://openalex.org/W2111162011","https://openalex.org/W2124695272","https://openalex.org/W2130259898","https://openalex.org/W2141701079","https://openalex.org/W2151939419","https://openalex.org/W2170343586","https://openalex.org/W2189625117","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2528578439","https://openalex.org/W2535690855","https://openalex.org/W2560026874","https://openalex.org/W2605627527","https://openalex.org/W2608058963","https://openalex.org/W2619903301","https://openalex.org/W2737047298","https://openalex.org/W2737804889","https://openalex.org/W2780046032","https://openalex.org/W2785678896","https://openalex.org/W2789304371","https://openalex.org/W2885013511","https://openalex.org/W2888338418","https://openalex.org/W2888817253","https://openalex.org/W2891145043","https://openalex.org/W2907295878","https://openalex.org/W2913399670","https://openalex.org/W2939645724","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2962835266","https://openalex.org/W2963100452","https://openalex.org/W2963684180","https://openalex.org/W2963720850","https://openalex.org/W2963767194","https://openalex.org/W2963821229","https://openalex.org/W2963918968","https://openalex.org/W2964337551","https://openalex.org/W2979259381","https://openalex.org/W2981721547","https://openalex.org/W2982058372","https://openalex.org/W2984700035","https://openalex.org/W2991318208","https://openalex.org/W3005778327","https://openalex.org/W3010699567","https://openalex.org/W3012472557","https://openalex.org/W3034561250","https://openalex.org/W3034577585","https://openalex.org/W3034600949","https://openalex.org/W3034713808","https://openalex.org/W3035006702","https://openalex.org/W3035063907","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3036806226","https://openalex.org/W3083246145","https://openalex.org/W3108281670","https://openalex.org/W3108854358","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3127284993","https://openalex.org/W3173581984","https://openalex.org/W3176241004","https://openalex.org/W3203245760","https://openalex.org/W4200551480","https://openalex.org/W4246001895","https://openalex.org/W4295274059","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6625168331","https://openalex.org/W6640963894","https://openalex.org/W6676974665","https://openalex.org/W6686980507","https://openalex.org/W6687506355","https://openalex.org/W6733322467","https://openalex.org/W6736155344","https://openalex.org/W6736257545","https://openalex.org/W6737965738","https://openalex.org/W6738676538","https://openalex.org/W6745560452","https://openalex.org/W6748223763","https://openalex.org/W6748391871","https://openalex.org/W6752378368","https://openalex.org/W6756046522","https://openalex.org/W6766225098","https://openalex.org/W6766787143","https://openalex.org/W6787972765","https://openalex.org/W6795288823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2602382373","https://openalex.org/W3003615511","https://openalex.org/W4285827128","https://openalex.org/W3198113463","https://openalex.org/W2787698406","https://openalex.org/W2963844355","https://openalex.org/W4361251046","https://openalex.org/W98577079","https://openalex.org/W4365211920","https://openalex.org/W3014948380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"State-of-the-art":[0],"(SOTA)":[1],"Generative":[2],"Models":[3],"(GMs)":[4],"can":[5,175],"synthesize":[6],"photo-realistic":[7],"images":[8,51,76,152],"that":[9],"are":[10,24],"hard":[11],"for":[12,82,178],"humans":[13],"to":[14,26,39,45,115,119],"distinguish":[15],"from":[16,49,106,135],"genuine":[17],"photos.":[18],"Identifying":[19],"and":[20,68,123,132,181,197],"understanding":[21],"manipulated":[22],"media":[23],"crucial":[25],"mitigate":[27],"the":[28,32,50,117,136,165,168,193],"social":[29],"concerns":[30],"on":[31,191],"potential":[33],"misuse":[34],"of":[35,43,167],"GMs.":[36,157],"We":[37,56],"propose":[38,90],"perform":[40],"reverse":[41],"engineering":[42],"GMs":[44],"infer":[46],"model":[47],"hyperparameters":[48,166],"generated":[52,75,108,153],"by":[53,72,110,154,187],"these":[54],"models.":[55,170],"define":[57],"a":[58,78,91,96,103,107,124,145],"novel":[59],"problem,":[60,88],"\"model":[61],"parsing\",":[62],"as":[63,184],"estimating":[64],"GM":[65,104],"network":[66,130],"architectures":[67],"training":[69,111],"loss":[70,133],"functions":[71,134],"examining":[73],"their":[74],"-":[77],"task":[79],"seemingly":[80],"impossible":[81],"human":[83],"beings.":[84],"To":[85,139],"tackle":[86],"this":[87],"we":[89,143,185],"framework":[92],"with":[93,112,149],"two":[94],"components:":[95],"Fingerprint":[97],"Estimation":[98],"Network":[99,126],"(FEN),":[100],"which":[101,128],"estimates":[102],"fingerprint":[105,118,173],"image":[109,147,182,198],"four":[113],"constraints":[114],"encourage":[116],"have":[120],"desired":[121],"properties,":[122],"Parsing":[125],"(PN),":[127],"predicts":[129],"architecture":[131],"estimated":[137],"fingerprints.":[138],"evaluate":[140],"our":[141,172],"approach,":[142],"collect":[144],"fake":[146],"dataset":[148],"100":[150],"K":[151],"116":[155],"different":[156],"Extensive":[158],"experiments":[159],"show":[160,186],"encouraging":[161],"results":[162,190],"in":[163],"parsing":[164],"unseen":[169],"Finally,":[171],"estimation":[174],"be":[176],"leveraged":[177],"deepfake":[179,194],"detection":[180,195],"attribution,":[183],"reporting":[188],"SOTA":[189],"both":[192],"(Celeb-DF)":[196],"attribution":[199],"benchmarks.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}