{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383890414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2023.3294305","title":"DROID: Driver-Centric Risk Object IDentification","display_name":"DROID: Driver-Centric Risk Object IDentification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383890414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2023.3294305","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37432803"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2023.3294305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2023.3294305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101908873","display_name":"Chengxi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chengxi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007938446","display_name":"Stanley H. Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5876-2073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanley H. Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348268","display_name":"Yi\u2010Ting Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7906-0828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Ting Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101908873"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2127,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77941846,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"11","first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8102642297744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.7626965045928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.7040685415267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.63266921043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.585198163986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5577712059020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5517914295196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4724184572696686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.43954598903656006}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8102642297744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.7626965045928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7040685415267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.63266921043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.585198163986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5577712059020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5517914295196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4724184572696686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.43954598903656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2023.3294305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2023.3294305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37432803","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37432803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":156,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W67050709","https://openalex.org/W107233025","https://openalex.org/W1516887802","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1585910451","https://openalex.org/W1789187189","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1946367136","https://openalex.org/W1984078329","https://openalex.org/W1997181008","https://openalex.org/W2025837293","https://openalex.org/W2030418992","https://openalex.org/W2057882807","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2065696058","https://openalex.org/W2092187344","https://openalex.org/W2097545165","https://openalex.org/W2099698956","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2112869429","https://openalex.org/W2134239466","https://openalex.org/W2143318894","https://openalex.org/W2143891888","https://openalex.org/W2144413772","https://openalex.org/W2167224731","https://openalex.org/W2167695003","https://openalex.org/W2169601390","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2240306106","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2342437993","https://openalex.org/W2342840547","https://openalex.org/W2463627759","https://openalex.org/W2474210745","https://openalex.org/W2486285194","https://openalex.org/W2513177073","https://openalex.org/W2528043655","https://openalex.org/W2539337444","https://openalex.org/W2559767995","https://openalex.org/W2561196672","https://openalex.org/W2569505710","https://openalex.org/W2592008540","https://openalex.org/W2603203130","https://openalex.org/W2609532991","https://openalex.org/W2609883120","https://openalex.org/W2619947201","https://openalex.org/W2781228439","https://openalex.org/W2796136333","https://openalex.org/W2798365772","https://openalex.org/W2806331055","https://openalex.org/W2806943411","https://openalex.org/W2887806157","https://openalex.org/W2902451427","https://openalex.org/W2904024302","https://openalex.org/W2905385096","https://openalex.org/W2940963663","https://openalex.org/W2945577597","https://openalex.org/W2947630374","https://openalex.org/W2950703532","https://openalex.org/W2955639361","https://openalex.org/W2962894046","https://openalex.org/W2963016445","https://openalex.org/W2963073398","https://openalex.org/W2963076818","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963165299","https://openalex.org/W2963195425","https://openalex.org/W2963524571","https://openalex.org/W2963692464","https://openalex.org/W2963699792","https://openalex.org/W2963737762","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964217160","https://openalex.org/W2967549667","https://openalex.org/W2967895468","https://openalex.org/W2970562905","https://openalex.org/W2971177289","https://openalex.org/W2979225831","https://openalex.org/W2980096197","https://openalex.org/W2982723417","https://openalex.org/W2989506443","https://openalex.org/W2990460756","https://openalex.org/W2990539760","https://openalex.org/W2991457455","https://openalex.org/W3000279895","https://openalex.org/W3003639745","https://openalex.org/W3003987610","https://openalex.org/W3008700642","https://openalex.org/W3009130550","https://openalex.org/W3009593063","https://openalex.org/W3009886679","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3033160188","https://openalex.org/W3034552332","https://openalex.org/W3034652687","https://openalex.org/W3035103424","https://openalex.org/W3035172263","https://openalex.org/W3035651653","https://openalex.org/W3038179219","https://openalex.org/W3040127685","https://openalex.org/W3081167590","https://openalex.org/W3089418799","https://openalex.org/W3089943722","https://openalex.org/W3090202852","https://openalex.org/W3090232952","https://openalex.org/W3090783937","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3098744844","https://openalex.org/W3098753351","https://openalex.org/W3102141113","https://openalex.org/W3106714301","https://openalex.org/W3108908812","https://openalex.org/W3109395584","https://openalex.org/W3116651890","https://openalex.org/W3118519864","https://openalex.org/W3119906317","https://openalex.org/W3129292912","https://openalex.org/W3131287736","https://openalex.org/W3158353424","https://openalex.org/W3176739692","https://openalex.org/W3194533273","https://openalex.org/W3205492849","https://openalex.org/W3206022579","https://openalex.org/W4210822358","https://openalex.org/W4214593147","https://openalex.org/W4226203009","https://openalex.org/W4287863801","https://openalex.org/W4299805595","https://openalex.org/W4312610636","https://openalex.org/W6602755768","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6684338915","https://openalex.org/W6690128809","https://openalex.org/W6704559304","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6730751587","https://openalex.org/W6733956904","https://openalex.org/W6749916090","https://openalex.org/W6752781648","https://openalex.org/W6754127638","https://openalex.org/W6756709993","https://openalex.org/W6769196198","https://openalex.org/W6769300639","https://openalex.org/W6771531989","https://openalex.org/W6772033386","https://openalex.org/W6774562791","https://openalex.org/W6777046832","https://openalex.org/W6778485988","https://openalex.org/W6779371077","https://openalex.org/W6779634865","https://openalex.org/W6780226713","https://openalex.org/W6784071224","https://openalex.org/W6785952540","https://openalex.org/W6797878184","https://openalex.org/W6810393205","https://openalex.org/W6955071965"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944277854","https://openalex.org/W2258359646","https://openalex.org/W2493324121","https://openalex.org/W2483613126","https://openalex.org/W4234402960","https://openalex.org/W4210958110","https://openalex.org/W4210994448","https://openalex.org/W2732813147","https://openalex.org/W2588268827","https://openalex.org/W2143460112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Identification":[0],"of":[1,26,43,98,106,152],"high-risk":[2],"driving":[3],"situations":[4],"is":[5,117],"generally":[6],"approached":[7],"through":[8],"collision":[9],"risk":[10,32,55,155],"estimation":[11],"or":[12],"accident":[13],"pattern":[14],"recognition.":[15],"In":[16],"this":[17,46,134],"work,":[18],"we":[19,48,137,148],"approach":[20],"the":[21,24,41,72,76,81,110,150],"problem":[22,86],"from":[23,96,109],"perspective":[25],"subjective":[27,31],"risk.":[28],"We":[29,79,122],"operationalize":[30],"assessment":[33],"by":[34],"predicting":[35],"driver":[36],"behavior":[37],"changes":[38],"and":[39,87,101],"identifying":[40],"cause":[42],"changes.":[44],"To":[45],"end,":[47],"introduce":[49],"a":[50,67,84,89],"new":[51],"task":[52,82],"called":[53],"driver-centric":[54],"object":[56],"identification":[57],"(DROID),":[58],"which":[59],"uses":[60],"egocentric":[61],"video":[62],"to":[63,119,142],"identify":[64],"object(s)":[65],"influencing":[66],"driver's":[68,73],"behavior,":[69],"given":[70],"only":[71],"response":[74],"as":[75,83],"supervision":[77],"signal.":[78],"formulate":[80],"cause-effect":[85],"present":[88],"novel":[90],"two-stage":[91],"DROID":[92,125,153],"framework,":[93],"taking":[94],"inspiration":[95],"models":[97,132],"situation":[99],"awareness":[100],"causal":[102],"inference.":[103],"A":[104],"subset":[105],"data":[107],"constructed":[108],"Honda":[111],"Research":[112],"Institute":[113],"Driving":[114],"Dataset":[115],"(HDD)":[116],"used":[118],"evaluate":[120],"DROID.":[121],"demonstrate":[123,149],"state-of-the-art":[124],"performance,":[126],"even":[127],"compared":[128],"with":[129],"strong":[130],"baseline":[131],"using":[133],"dataset.":[135],"Additionally,":[136],"conduct":[138],"extensive":[139],"ablative":[140],"studies":[141],"justify":[143],"our":[144],"design":[145],"choices.":[146],"Moreover,":[147],"applicability":[151],"for":[154],"assessment.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}