{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289535737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","title":"Do the Math: Making Mathematics in Wikipedia Computable","display_name":"Do the Math: Making Mathematics in Wikipedia Computable","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289535737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35914035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/34/4359286/09847017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/34/4359286/09847017.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029478950","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Greiner-Petter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-5497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167360494","display_name":"University of Wuppertal","ror":"https://ror.org/00613ak93","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167360494"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 Greiner-Petter","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167360494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038664667","display_name":"Moritz Schubotz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7141-4997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158675288","display_name":"FIZ Karlsruhe \u2013 Leibniz Institute for Information Infrastructure","ror":"https://ror.org/0387prb75","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158675288","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167360494","display_name":"University of Wuppertal","ror":"https://ror.org/00613ak93","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167360494"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moritz Schubotz","raw_affiliation_strings":["FIZ Karlsruhe — Leibniz Institute for Information Infrastructure, Berlin, Germany","University of Wuppertal, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FIZ Karlsruhe — Leibniz Institute for Information Infrastructure, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158675288"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wuppertal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167360494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013617539","display_name":"Corinna Breitinger","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corinna Breitinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069041521","display_name":"Philipp Scharpf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4212-0508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","display_name":"University of Konstanz","ror":"https://ror.org/0546hnb39","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Scharpf","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041062417","display_name":"Akiko Aizawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6544-5076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","display_name":"National Institute of Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ksd4g47","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319490839","https://openalex.org/I184597095","https://openalex.org/I4210158934"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akiko Aizawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058837356","display_name":"B\u00e9la Gipp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6522-3019"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bela Gipp","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029478950"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167360494"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9052,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7711137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"4","first_page":"4384","last_page":"4395"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13523","display_name":"Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13523","display_name":"Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12171","display_name":"Open Education and E-Learning","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9322999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5517388582229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.5199312567710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.411784291267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3831495940685272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34288886189460754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5517388582229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5199312567710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.411784291267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3831495940685272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34288886189460754}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/34/4359286/09847017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35914035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35914035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:kops.uni-konstanz.de:123456789/66873","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-1nrkoqt9bxcoi0","pdf_url":"https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/7bc8a686-b57c-43be-b937-1a70b0b73662/content","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401487","display_name":"KOPS (University of Konstanz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","host_organization_name":"University of Konstanz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. IEEE. 2023, 45(4), pp. 4384-4395. ISSN 0162-8828. eISSN 2160-9292. Available under: doi: 10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","raw_type":"doc-type:Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.goettingen-research-online.de:2/124214","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/124214","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401634","display_name":"GoeScholar  The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen (Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210122495","host_organization_name":"Asklepios Klinik St. Georg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"yes"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.goettingen-research-online.de:2/135724","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/135724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401634","display_name":"GoeScholar  The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen (Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210122495","host_organization_name":"Asklepios Klinik St. Georg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3195261","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/34/4359286/09847017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G301614726","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GI 1259/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5398132153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DFG grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6047887652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"57515245","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334761","funder_display_name":"German Academic Exchange Service London"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6826437947","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DAAD grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","funder_display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7833259620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"57504612","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","funder_display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","ror":"https://ror.org/039djdh30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334761","display_name":"German Academic Exchange Service London","ror":"https://ror.org/039djdh30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289535737.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289535737.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W184419126","https://openalex.org/W1501292707","https://openalex.org/W1620295925","https://openalex.org/W1970180442","https://openalex.org/W1996430422","https://openalex.org/W2054429798","https://openalex.org/W2058911426","https://openalex.org/W2069541658","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2123442489","https://openalex.org/W2129206697","https://openalex.org/W2169717084","https://openalex.org/W2337021505","https://openalex.org/W2396820472","https://openalex.org/W2595718889","https://openalex.org/W2724771389","https://openalex.org/W2734236851","https://openalex.org/W2740807107","https://openalex.org/W2749818730","https://openalex.org/W2787371088","https://openalex.org/W2797867514","https://openalex.org/W2804424683","https://openalex.org/W2883038321","https://openalex.org/W2946977860","https://openalex.org/W3003539639","https://openalex.org/W3004742727","https://openalex.org/W3012872370","https://openalex.org/W3034717099","https://openalex.org/W3042230497","https://openalex.org/W3089116201","https://openalex.org/W3094328607","https://openalex.org/W3098678576","https://openalex.org/W3099633411","https://openalex.org/W3100414417","https://openalex.org/W3102339475","https://openalex.org/W3103329136","https://openalex.org/W3105934790","https://openalex.org/W3163946644","https://openalex.org/W3173440287","https://openalex.org/W3194584273","https://openalex.org/W4225598453","https://openalex.org/W6735020992","https://openalex.org/W6766752814","https://openalex.org/W6768808868","https://openalex.org/W6777941774","https://openalex.org/W6986209728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W2142036596","https://openalex.org/W2072657027","https://openalex.org/W2600246793","https://openalex.org/W4238204885"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wikipedia":[0,117,202],"combines":[1],"the":[2,74,78,88,105,120,148,199],"power":[3],"of":[4,80,107,122,136,147,166,187,194],"AI":[5],"solutions":[6],"and":[7,23,95,125,151,185,198],"human":[8],"reviewers":[9],"to":[10,43,52,87],"safeguard":[11],"article":[12],"quality.":[13],"Quality":[14],"control":[15,31],"objectives":[16],"include":[17],"detecting":[18],"malicious":[19],"edits,":[20],"fixing":[21],"typos,":[22],"spotting":[24],"inconsistent":[25],"formatting.":[26],"However,":[27],"no":[28,48],"automated":[29],"quality":[30],"mechanisms":[32],"currently":[33],"exist":[34],"for":[35,168],"mathematical":[36,64,82,112,149,170,188],"formulae.":[37,56],"Spell":[38],"checkers":[39],"are":[40,204],"widely":[41],"used":[42],"highlight":[44],"textual":[45,174],"errors,":[46],"yet":[47],"equivalent":[49],"tool":[50],"exists":[51],"detect":[53],"algebraically":[54],"incorrect":[55],"Our":[57,128],"paper":[58],"addresses":[59],"this":[60],"shortcoming":[61],"by":[62,156],"making":[63],"formulae":[65,189],"computable.":[66],"We":[67,103],"present":[68],"a":[69,91,178],"method":[70],"that":[71],"(1)":[72],"gathers":[73],"semantic":[75],"information":[76,89],"surrounding":[77],"context":[79],"each":[81],"formulae,":[83],"(2)":[84],"provides":[85],"access":[86],"in":[90,115,190],"graph-structured":[92],"dependency":[93],"hierarchy,":[94],"(3)":[96],"performs":[97],"automatic":[98],"plausibility":[99],"checks":[100],"on":[101,110,119],"equations.":[102],"evaluate":[104],"performance":[106],"our":[108],"approach":[109],"6,337":[111],"expressions":[113,150,171],"contained":[114],"104":[116],"articles":[118,203],"topic":[121],"orthogonal":[123],"polynomials":[124],"special":[126],"functions.":[127],"system,":[129],"[Formula:":[130,141,159,195],"see":[131,142,160,196],"text],":[132],"verified":[133],"358":[134],"out":[135],"1,516":[137],"equations":[138],"as":[139],"error-free.":[140],"text]":[143,161,197],"successfully":[144],"translated":[145],"27%":[146],"outperformed":[152],"existing":[153],"translation":[154],"approaches":[155],"16%.":[157],"Additionally,":[158],"achieved":[162],"an":[163],"F1":[164],"score":[165],".495":[167],"annotating":[169],"with":[172],"relevant":[173],"descriptions,":[175],"which":[176],"is":[177],"significant":[179],"step":[180],"towards":[181],"advancing":[182],"searchability,":[183],"readability,":[184],"accessibility":[186],"Wikipedia.":[191],"A":[192],"prototype":[193],"semantically":[200],"enhanced":[201],"available":[205],"at:":[206],"https://tpami.wmflabs.org.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}