{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3206136719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3181579","title":"EDFace-Celeb-1 M: Benchmarking Face Hallucination With a Million-Scale Dataset","display_name":"EDFace-Celeb-1 M: Benchmarking Face Hallucination With a Million-Scale Dataset","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3206136719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3181579","mag":"3206136719","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35687621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2022.3181579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3181579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103144603","display_name":"Kaihao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-660X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaihao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100386792","display_name":"Dongxu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004450394","display_name":"Wenhan Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5697-4168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhan Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101761519","display_name":"Jingyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0233-4744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073110676","display_name":"Jiankang Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3709-6216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiankang Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100431792","display_name":"Wei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3865-8145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080553022","display_name":"Stefanos Zafeiriou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-1740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefanos Zafeiriou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103144603"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1396,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88423465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"3","first_page":"3968","last_page":"3978"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9380999803543091,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.776921272277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6824951767921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6240814328193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5791717171669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5634478330612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5045744180679321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.49527254700660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.399000883102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.22585034370422363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.21792030334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.11096805334091187}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.776921272277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6824951767921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6240814328193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5791717171669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5634478330612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5045744180679321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49527254700660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.399000883102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.22585034370422363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.21792030334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.11096805334091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006212","descriptor_name":"Hallucinations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006212","descriptor_name":"Hallucinations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006212","descriptor_name":"Hallucinations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2022.3181579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3181579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35687621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35687621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-139220","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-139220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54257720","https://openalex.org/W1509966554","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W1885185971","https://openalex.org/W1905033729","https://openalex.org/W1913007689","https://openalex.org/W1972002222","https://openalex.org/W1976948919","https://openalex.org/W1985436611","https://openalex.org/W1998808035","https://openalex.org/W1999457380","https://openalex.org/W2003749430","https://openalex.org/W2015497428","https://openalex.org/W2097039786","https://openalex.org/W2103871101","https://openalex.org/W2115252128","https://openalex.org/W2141631520","https://openalex.org/W2152131136","https://openalex.org/W2158046142","https://openalex.org/W2160021903","https://openalex.org/W2201706299","https://openalex.org/W2214802144","https://openalex.org/W2242218935","https://openalex.org/W2325939864","https://openalex.org/W2503339013","https://openalex.org/W2507235960","https://openalex.org/W2520930090","https://openalex.org/W2607041014","https://openalex.org/W2740535357","https://openalex.org/W2772236815","https://openalex.org/W2776107444","https://openalex.org/W2798691622","https://openalex.org/W2866634454","https://openalex.org/W2891158090","https://openalex.org/W2895542678","https://openalex.org/W2912990735","https://openalex.org/W2949662773","https://openalex.org/W2954930822","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962898354","https://openalex.org/W2963037581","https://openalex.org/W2963372104","https://openalex.org/W2963393566","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963610452","https://openalex.org/W2963671154","https://openalex.org/W2963676087","https://openalex.org/W2963729050","https://openalex.org/W2963839617","https://openalex.org/W2964014798","https://openalex.org/W2964101377","https://openalex.org/W2964167901","https://openalex.org/W2967013449","https://openalex.org/W2969834519","https://openalex.org/W2969985801","https://openalex.org/W2979879857","https://openalex.org/W3013529009","https://openalex.org/W3021195052","https://openalex.org/W3034338913","https://openalex.org/W3035605421","https://openalex.org/W3083579885","https://openalex.org/W3092755853","https://openalex.org/W3093222528","https://openalex.org/W3096739052","https://openalex.org/W3104792420","https://openalex.org/W3106746951","https://openalex.org/W3175906877","https://openalex.org/W6630649318","https://openalex.org/W6638046521","https://openalex.org/W6677618333","https://openalex.org/W6766755929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238897586","https://openalex.org/W435179959","https://openalex.org/W2619091065","https://openalex.org/W2059640416","https://openalex.org/W1490753184","https://openalex.org/W2284465472","https://openalex.org/W2347824352","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2112875849","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"deep":[1],"face":[2,38,57,94,124],"hallucination":[3,39,58,125],"methods":[4,59],"show":[5],"stunning":[6],"performance":[7,156],"in":[8,75,127],"super-resolving":[9],"severely":[10],"degraded":[11],"facial":[12],"images,":[13],"even":[14],"surpassing":[15],"human":[16],"ability.":[17],"However,":[18],"these":[19,33,62],"algorithms":[20,34],"are":[21],"mainly":[22],"evaluated":[23],"on":[24,36,61],"non-public":[25],"synthetic":[26],"datasets.":[27,40],"It":[28],"is":[29,118],"thus":[30],"unclear":[31],"how":[32],"perform":[35],"public":[37,81],"Meanwhile,":[41],"most":[42],"of":[43,53,114,159],"the":[44,51,71,112,119,128,147,155],"existing":[45,148],"datasets":[46,63],"do":[47],"not":[48],"well":[49],"consider":[50],"distribution":[52],"races,":[54],"which":[55],"makes":[56],"trained":[60],"biased":[64],"toward":[65],"some":[66],"specific":[67],"races.":[68],"To":[69,111],"address":[70],"above":[72],"two":[73],"problems,":[74],"this":[76,132,134],"paper,":[77],"we":[78],"build":[79],"a":[80,90],"Ethnically":[82],"Diverse":[83],"Face":[84],"dataset,":[85,133],"EDFace-Celeb-1":[86],"M,":[87],"and":[88,121,141,157],"design":[89],"benchmark":[91,146,152],"task":[92],"for":[93],"hallucination.":[95],"Our":[96],"dataset":[97,126],"includes":[98],"1.7":[99],"million":[100],"photos":[101],"that":[102],"cover":[103],"different":[104],"countries,":[105],"with":[106,131],"relatively":[107],"balanced":[108],"race":[109],"composition.":[110],"best":[113],"our":[115],"knowledge,":[116],"it":[117],"largest-scale":[120],"publicly":[122],"available":[123],"wild.":[129],"Associated":[130],"paper":[135],"also":[136],"contributes":[137],"various":[138],"evaluation":[139],"protocols":[140],"provides":[142],"comprehensive":[143],"analysis":[144],"to":[145],"state-of-the-art":[149,160],"methods.":[150],"The":[151],"evaluations":[153],"demonstrate":[154],"limitations":[158],"algorithms.":[161],"https://github.com/HDCVLab/EDFace-Celeb-1M.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}