{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281250886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3176122","title":"Arbitrary Shape Text Detection via Segmentation with Probability Maps","display_name":"Arbitrary Shape Text Detection via Segmentation with Probability Maps","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281250886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3176122","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35594227"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2022.3176122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3176122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075041497","display_name":"Shi-Xue Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7030-1974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shi-Xue Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 12507 Beijing, Beijing, China, 100083"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 12507 Beijing, Beijing, China, 100083","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078514263","display_name":"Xiaobin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-4136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology Beijing, Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology Beijing, Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100333468","display_name":"Lei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4279-3892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology Beijing, Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology Beijing, Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090213090","display_name":"Jie-Bo Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4632-0160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie-Bo Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology Beijing, Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology Beijing, Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074514262","display_name":"Xu-Cheng Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0023-0220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu-Cheng Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, Beijing, China, 100083"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, Beijing, China, 100083","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075041497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4409,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96969697,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7475073933601379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7002500295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6701977849006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.6318935751914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6247991323471069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5534428358078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.5015807151794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-distribution","display_name":"Probability distribution","score":0.4931747317314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4754766523838043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.4655965268611908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigmoid-function","display_name":"Sigmoid function","score":0.4514736533164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.41652798652648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3414066433906555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21340999007225037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08904719352722168}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7475073933601379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7002500295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6701977849006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6318935751914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6247991323471069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5534428358078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.5015807151794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.4931747317314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4754766523838043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.4655965268611908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81388566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526668","display_name":"Sigmoid function","level":3,"score":0.4514736533164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.41652798652648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3414066433906555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21340999007225037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08904719352722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2022.3176122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2022.3176122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35594227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35594227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2141617675","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62076024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2903026367","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G356227064","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62006018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4738090328","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61806017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8772010899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62125601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336125","funder_display_name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336125","display_name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1622676895","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1935817682","https://openalex.org/W1972065312","https://openalex.org/W2020964295","https://openalex.org/W2034996255","https://openalex.org/W2124404372","https://openalex.org/W2142159465","https://openalex.org/W2144554289","https://openalex.org/W2148214126","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2340583188","https://openalex.org/W2343052201","https://openalex.org/W2396529792","https://openalex.org/W2519321174","https://openalex.org/W2519818067","https://openalex.org/W2593539516","https://openalex.org/W2604186312","https://openalex.org/W2604735854","https://openalex.org/W2605076167","https://openalex.org/W2605982830","https://openalex.org/W2606394513","https://openalex.org/W2772800855","https://openalex.org/W2779757316","https://openalex.org/W2784050770","https://openalex.org/W2785383245","https://openalex.org/W2810028092","https://openalex.org/W2831607544","https://openalex.org/W2875814315","https://openalex.org/W2886603769","https://openalex.org/W2901776468","https://openalex.org/W2902494497","https://openalex.org/W2922690896","https://openalex.org/W2953606406","https://openalex.org/W2953894958","https://openalex.org/W2962810613","https://openalex.org/W2963161243","https://openalex.org/W2963187132","https://openalex.org/W2963195262","https://openalex.org/W2963299604","https://openalex.org/W2963353821","https://openalex.org/W2963516811","https://openalex.org/W2963599420","https://openalex.org/W2963647456","https://openalex.org/W2963840241","https://openalex.org/W2964018263","https://openalex.org/W2964294787","https://openalex.org/W2964685115","https://openalex.org/W2967591398","https://openalex.org/W2967615747","https://openalex.org/W2968226676","https://openalex.org/W2988098900","https://openalex.org/W2991626090","https://openalex.org/W2996956254","https://openalex.org/W2997371611","https://openalex.org/W2998621280","https://openalex.org/W3024377038","https://openalex.org/W3034514377","https://openalex.org/W3035679705","https://openalex.org/W3102695566","https://openalex.org/W3106228955","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6756361325","https://openalex.org/W6760673939"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097585984","https://openalex.org/W2893341095","https://openalex.org/W4241043257","https://openalex.org/W1990418105","https://openalex.org/W1971430736","https://openalex.org/W4242391381","https://openalex.org/W1980528650","https://openalex.org/W4249885815","https://openalex.org/W3199393239","https://openalex.org/W1534282248"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Arbitrary":[0],"shape":[1,37],"text":[2,59,69,83,93,128,171,217,232],"detection":[3,60,84,120,246],"is":[4,96,286],"a":[5,89,135,151,177,184],"challenging":[6],"task":[7],"due":[8],"to":[9,25,35,92,99,140,150,190,203,205,215,226,230],"the":[10,26,54,79,100,103,142,167,192,260],"significantly":[11],"varied":[12],"sizes":[13],"and":[14,39,53,117,146,207,268,281],"aspect":[15],"ratios,":[16],"arbitrary":[17],"orientations":[18],"or":[19,71,94],"shapes,":[20],"inaccurate":[21],"annotations,":[22],"etc.":[23],"Due":[24],"scalability":[27],"of":[28,49,81,166,169,179,186,245],"pixel-level":[29,47],"prediction,":[30],"segmentation-based":[31,82,119],"methods":[32],"can":[33,158],"adapt":[34],"various":[36],"texts":[38,50],"hence":[40],"attracted":[41],"considerable":[42],"attention":[43],"recently.":[44],"However,":[45,154],"accurate":[46],"annotations":[48,75],"are":[51,224],"formidable,":[52],"existing":[55],"datasets":[56,279,283],"for":[57,125,211],"scene":[58],"only":[61],"provide":[62],"coarse-grained":[63,170],"boundary":[64,172],"annotations.":[65,173],"Consequently,":[66],"numerous":[67],"misclassified":[68],"pixels":[70,73,149],"background":[72],"inside":[74,148],"always":[76],"exist,":[77],"degrading":[78],"performance":[80,242,276],"methods.":[85],"Generally":[86],"speaking,":[87],"whether":[88],"pixel":[90],"belongs":[91],"not":[95,159],"highly":[97],"related":[98],"distance":[101],"with":[102,254],"adjacent":[104],"annotation":[105],"boundary.":[106],"With":[107],"this":[108,111],"observation,":[109],"in":[110,243],"paper,":[112],"we":[113,133,175,198],"propose":[114,199],"an":[115,200],"innovative":[116],"robust":[118],"method":[121,239,253,273],"via":[122],"probability":[123,152,156,162,180,194,209,228],"maps":[124,181,210,229],"accurately":[126],"detecting":[127],"instances.":[129,218,233],"To":[130],"be":[131],"concrete,":[132],"adopt":[134,176],"Sigmoid":[136,187],"Alpha":[137,188],"Function":[138],"(SAF)":[139],"transfer":[141],"distances":[143],"between":[144],"boundaries":[145],"their":[147],"map.":[153],"one":[155],"map":[157],"cover":[160],"complex":[161],"distributions":[163],"well":[164],"because":[165],"uncertainty":[168],"Therefore,":[174],"group":[178],"computed":[182],"by":[183],"series":[185],"Functions":[189],"describe":[191],"possible":[193],"distributions.":[195],"In":[196],"addition,":[197],"iterative":[201],"model":[202],"learn":[204],"predict":[206],"assimilate":[208],"providing":[212],"enough":[213],"information":[214],"reconstruct":[216],"Finally,":[219],"simple":[220],"region":[221],"growth":[222],"algorithms":[223],"adopted":[225],"aggregate":[227],"complete":[231],"Experimental":[234],"results":[235],"demonstrate":[236],"that":[237],"our":[238,252,272],"achieves":[240,259,274],"state-of-the-art":[241],"terms":[244],"accuracy":[247],"on":[248,263,277],"several":[249],"benchmarks.":[250],"Notably,":[251],"Watershed":[255],"Algorithm":[256],"as":[257],"post-processing":[258],"best":[261],"F-measure":[262],"Total-Text":[264],"(88.79%),":[265],"CTW1500":[266],"(85.75%),":[267],"MSRA-TD500":[269],"(88.93%).":[270],"Besides,":[271],"promising":[275],"multi-oriented":[278],"(ICDAR2015)":[280],"multilingual":[282],"(ICDAR2017-MLT).":[284],"Code":[285],"available":[287],"at:":[288],"https://github.com/GXYM/TextPMs.":[289]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
