{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3216538231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2021.3131250","title":"Reversible Data Hiding By Using CNN Prediction and Adaptive Embedding","display_name":"Reversible Data Hiding By Using CNN Prediction and Adaptive Embedding","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3216538231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2021.3131250","mag":"3216538231","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34847020"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2021.3131250","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2021.3131250","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050720749","display_name":"Runwen Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159948400","display_name":"Jinan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xe5ns62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159948400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runwen Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology/College of Cyber Security, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology/College of Cyber Security, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159948400"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006519424","display_name":"Shijun Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3481-7057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159948400","display_name":"Jinan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xe5ns62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159948400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shijun Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology/College of Cyber Security, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3481-7057","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology/College of Cyber Security, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159948400"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159948400"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6167,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":96,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96088263,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"12","first_page":"10196","last_page":"10208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.7964228391647339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7223344445228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6424057483673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6302030086517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.613437831401825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.594847559928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5357346534729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5191482901573181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.5189144611358643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5053148865699768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5013706684112549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4596293866634369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.352812796831131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15755018591880798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.7964228391647339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7223344445228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6424057483673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6302030086517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.613437831401825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.594847559928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5357346534729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5191482901573181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.5189144611358643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5053148865699768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5013706684112549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4596293866634369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.352812796831131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15755018591880798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2021.3131250","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2021.3131250","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34847020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34847020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3665717824","display_name":"\u540c\u6001\u52a0\u5bc6\u57df\u53ef\u9006\u6570\u636e\u9690\u85cf\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61772234","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7943938379","display_name":"\u5206\u7ec4\u53cd\u9988\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u53e0\u52a0\u7801\u7684\u6784\u9020\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1885185971","https://openalex.org/W1974641035","https://openalex.org/W1990962661","https://openalex.org/W1993277608","https://openalex.org/W2000786134","https://openalex.org/W2032158084","https://openalex.org/W2039758953","https://openalex.org/W2041560266","https://openalex.org/W2050733163","https://openalex.org/W2057982253","https://openalex.org/W2066178754","https://openalex.org/W2087293550","https://openalex.org/W2106950225","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2115924904","https://openalex.org/W2121393355","https://openalex.org/W2129652681","https://openalex.org/W2135459805","https://openalex.org/W2144088652","https://openalex.org/W2314396998","https://openalex.org/W2359175208","https://openalex.org/W2393804683","https://openalex.org/W2594085527","https://openalex.org/W2806943411","https://openalex.org/W2883444874","https://openalex.org/W2890780327","https://openalex.org/W2899516348","https://openalex.org/W2900616773","https://openalex.org/W2919023666","https://openalex.org/W2924553066","https://openalex.org/W2924564788","https://openalex.org/W2987577970","https://openalex.org/W2997345643","https://openalex.org/W2997759031","https://openalex.org/W3083907077","https://openalex.org/W3091796242","https://openalex.org/W3098278018","https://openalex.org/W3098705456","https://openalex.org/W3125645198","https://openalex.org/W3130446996","https://openalex.org/W3133747496","https://openalex.org/W3168768313","https://openalex.org/W3188338974","https://openalex.org/W4247934040","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6973812890"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2170577885","https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W4398199422","https://openalex.org/W2351909370","https://openalex.org/W2187037044","https://openalex.org/W3190769222","https://openalex.org/W2119567889","https://openalex.org/W2974782078","https://openalex.org/W2769668853","https://openalex.org/W32138105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,27,48,70,120],"the":[1,18,49,81,86,89,92,99,109,121,144,166,173,185,193,198,222],"field":[2],"of":[3,91,188,213],"reversible":[4],"data":[5,163,189],"hiding":[6],"(RDH),":[7],"how":[8],"to":[9,154,231],"predict":[10],"an":[11,40,44,65,210],"image":[12,19,66,138],"and":[13,34,43,116,140,149,156,170],"embed":[14],"a":[15,32,55,72,127],"message":[16],"into":[17,67],"with":[20,96,209],"smaller":[21,159],"distortion":[22,146],"are":[23],"two":[24],"important":[25],"aspects.":[26],"this":[28,178,227],"paper,":[29],"we":[30,52,124],"propose":[31],"novel":[33],"efficient":[35],"RDH":[36,174,223],"method":[37,175,224],"by":[38,62,79,111,147],"innovating":[39],"intelligent":[41],"predictor":[42,61,102],"adaptive":[45,131],"embedding":[46,122,132,145,171,211],"way.":[47],"prediction":[50,93,110,160,169],"stage,":[51,123],"first":[53],"constructed":[54],"convolutional":[56],"neural":[57],"network":[58],"(CNN)":[59],"based":[60,130],"reasonably":[63],"dividing":[64],"four":[68],"parts.":[69],"such":[71],"way,":[73],"each":[74],"part":[75],"can":[76,103,135,202],"be":[77],"predicted":[78],"using":[80],"other":[82],"three":[83],"parts":[84],"as":[85,204,206],"context":[87],"for":[88,108,162,197],"improvement":[90],"performance.":[94],"Compared":[95],"existing":[97,233],"predictors,":[98],"proposed":[100,167,225],"CNN":[101,168],"use":[104],"more":[105],"neighboring":[106],"pixels":[107],"exploiting":[112],"its":[113],"multi-receptive":[114],"fields":[115],"global":[117],"optimization":[118],"capacities.":[119],"also":[125],"developed":[126],"prediction-error-ordering":[128],"(PEO)":[129],"strategy,":[133],"which":[134],"better":[136],"adapt":[137],"content":[139],"thus":[141],"efficiently":[142],"reduce":[143],"elaborately":[148],"luminously":[150],"applying":[151],"background":[152],"complexity":[153],"select":[155],"pair":[157],"those":[158,232],"errors":[161],"hiding.":[164],"With":[165],"ways,":[172],"presented":[176],"in":[177,183,226],"paper":[179,228],"provides":[180],"satisfactory":[181],"results":[182,218],"improving":[184],"visual":[186],"quality":[187],"hidden":[190],"images,":[191],"e.g.,":[192],"average":[194],"PSNR":[195],"value":[196],"Kodak":[199],"benchmark":[200],"dataset":[201],"reach":[203],"high":[205],"63.59":[207],"dB":[208],"capacity":[212],"10,000":[214],"bits.":[215],"Extensive":[216],"experimental":[217],"have":[219],"shown":[220],"that":[221],"is":[229],"superior":[230],"state-of-the-art":[234],"works.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}