{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134649899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2021.3063604","title":"Learning to Enhance Low-Light Image via Zero-Reference Deep Curve Estimation","display_name":"Learning to Enhance Low-Light Image via Zero-Reference Deep Curve Estimation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134649899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2021.3063604","mag":"3134649899","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33656989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2021.3063604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2021.3063604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034122071","display_name":"Chongyi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-2460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chongyi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["CES, NTU, 54761 Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 639798 (e-mail: lichongyi25@gmail.com)","[CES, NTU, 54761 Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 639798 (e-mail: lichongyi25@gmail.com)]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CES, NTU, 54761 Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 639798 (e-mail: lichongyi25@gmail.com)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[CES, NTU, 54761 Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 639798 (e-mail: lichongyi25@gmail.com)]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086639598","display_name":"Chunle Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2432-2026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunle Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Nankai University, 12538 Tianjin, Tianjin, China, (e-mail: guochunle@nankai.edu.cn)","[College of Computer Science, Nankai University, 12538 Tianjin, Tianjin, China, (e-mail: guochunle@nankai.edu.cn)]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Nankai University, 12538 Tianjin, Tianjin, China, (e-mail: guochunle@nankai.edu.cn)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[College of Computer Science, Nankai University, 12538 Tianjin, Tianjin, China, (e-mail: guochunle@nankai.edu.cn)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005270966","display_name":"Change Loy Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Change Loy Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 54761 Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, (e-mail: ccloy@ntu.edu.sg)","[School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 54761 Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, (e-mail: ccloy@ntu.edu.sg)]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 54761 Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, (e-mail: ccloy@ntu.edu.sg)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 54761 Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, (e-mail: ccloy@ntu.edu.sg)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034122071"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":40.9801,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":648,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99890138,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"8","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.715620219707489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5566439032554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5534546375274658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.48965293169021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.485549658536911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4460773468017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monotonic-function","display_name":"Monotonic function","score":0.4127182960510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3654312491416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2711293697357178}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.715620219707489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5566439032554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5534546375274658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.48965293169021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.485549658536911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4460773468017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72169020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194404","display_name":"Monotonic function","level":2,"score":0.4127182960510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3654312491416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2711293697357178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2021.3063604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2021.3063604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33656989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33656989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580436348","https://openalex.org/W1987444808","https://openalex.org/W1998393535","https://openalex.org/W2052090926","https://openalex.org/W2054814429","https://openalex.org/W2076205488","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2102584639","https://openalex.org/W2127757833","https://openalex.org/W2128926607","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2146439264","https://openalex.org/W2150461190","https://openalex.org/W2165107586","https://openalex.org/W2254039850","https://openalex.org/W2468596194","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2565312867","https://openalex.org/W2566376500","https://openalex.org/W2759428153","https://openalex.org/W2768814045","https://openalex.org/W2783399029","https://openalex.org/W2783573276","https://openalex.org/W2787091153","https://openalex.org/W2791710889","https://openalex.org/W2798844427","https://openalex.org/W2799265886","https://openalex.org/W2935842779","https://openalex.org/W2948354154","https://openalex.org/W2948606054","https://openalex.org/W2962766044","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963136578","https://openalex.org/W2963182372","https://openalex.org/W2963566548","https://openalex.org/W2964080601","https://openalex.org/W2969134192","https://openalex.org/W2981718299","https://openalex.org/W2986422266","https://openalex.org/W2990176100","https://openalex.org/W2996800272","https://openalex.org/W3013338555","https://openalex.org/W3034347506","https://openalex.org/W3034539499","https://openalex.org/W3035731588","https://openalex.org/W3098418424","https://openalex.org/W3121661546","https://openalex.org/W4230472795","https://openalex.org/W6754146604","https://openalex.org/W6755037456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2337415362","https://openalex.org/W4312857205","https://openalex.org/W121273120","https://openalex.org/W2740820121","https://openalex.org/W317572212","https://openalex.org/W2002009170","https://openalex.org/W2034462085","https://openalex.org/W2141888456","https://openalex.org/W3159920843","https://openalex.org/W2542932817"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,84],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,16,23,29,45,88,156,165,172],"novel":[4],"method,":[5],"Zero-Reference":[6],"Deep":[7],"Curve":[8],"Estimation":[9],"(Zero-DCE),":[10],"which":[11,96],"formulates":[12],"light":[13,146],"enhancement":[14,100,128,184],"as":[15,126],"task":[17],"of":[18,44,90,106,148,155,178,186,196,209],"image-specific":[19],"curve":[20,49,138],"estimation":[21,50],"with":[22,159],"deep":[24,31],"network.":[25,108],"Our":[26,122],"method":[27,123,198,211],"trains":[28],"lightweight":[30],"network,":[32],"DCE-Net,":[33],"to":[34,118,212],"estimate":[35],"pixel-wise":[36],"and":[37,59,102,135,145,203],"high-order":[38],"curves":[39],"for":[40,175],"dynamic":[41],"range":[42],"adjustment":[43],"given":[46],"image.":[47],"The":[48,220],"is":[51,62,85,124,223],"specially":[52],"designed,":[53],"considering":[54],"pixel":[55],"value":[56],"range,":[57],"monotonicity,":[58],"differentiability.":[60],"Zero-DCE":[61],"appealing":[63],"in":[64,215],"its":[65,110],"relaxed":[66],"assumption":[67],"on":[68,171,190],"reference":[69],"images,":[70],"i.e.,":[71],"it":[72,115],"does":[73],"not":[74],"require":[75],"any":[76],"paired":[77],"or":[78],"even":[79],"unpaired":[80],"data":[81],"during":[82],"training.":[83],"achieved":[86,131],"through":[87],"set":[89],"carefully":[91],"formulated":[92],"non-reference":[93],"loss":[94],"functions,":[95],"implicitly":[97],"measure":[98],"the":[99,104,107,183,194,206,216],"quality":[101],"drive":[103],"learning":[105],"Despite":[109],"simplicity,":[111],"we":[112],"show":[113],"that":[114,152],"generalizes":[116],"well":[117],"diverse":[119],"lighting":[120],"conditions.":[121],"efficient":[125],"image":[127,177],"can":[129],"be":[130],"by":[132],"an":[133,143,176],"intuitive":[134],"simple":[136],"nonlinear":[137],"mapping.":[139],"We":[140],"further":[141],"present":[142],"accelerated":[144],"version":[147],"Zero-DCE,":[149],"called":[150],"Zero-DCE++,":[151],"takes":[153],"advantage":[154],"tiny":[157],"network":[158],"just":[160],"10K":[161],"parameters.":[162],"Zero-DCE++":[163],"has":[164],"fast":[166],"inference":[167],"speed":[168],"(1000/11":[169],"FPS":[170],"single":[173],"GPU/CPU":[174],"size":[179],"1200\u00d7900\u00d73)":[180],"while":[181],"keeping":[182],"performance":[185],"Zero-DCE.":[187],"Extensive":[188],"experiments":[189],"various":[191],"benchmarks":[192],"demonstrate":[193],"advantages":[195],"our":[197,210],"over":[199],"state-of-the-art":[200],"methods":[201],"qualitatively":[202],"quantitatively.":[204],"Furthermore,":[205],"potential":[207],"benefits":[208],"face":[213],"detection":[214],"dark":[217],"are":[218],"discussed.":[219],"source":[221],"code":[222],"made":[224],"publicly":[225],"available":[226],"at":[227],"https://li-chongyi.github.io/Proj_Zero-DCE++.html.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":216},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":184},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":148},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":79},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
