{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2920938420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2019.2904963","title":"ROAM: A Rich Object Appearance Model with Application to Rotoscoping","display_name":"ROAM: A Rich Object Appearance Model with Application to Rotoscoping","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2920938420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2019.2904963","mag":"2920938420","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30872223"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2019.2904963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2019.2904963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1612.01495","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101805096","display_name":"Juan-Manuel P\u00e9rez-R\u00faa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121266","display_name":"Technicolor (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/02ya5n776","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121266"]}],"countries":["FR","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juan-Manuel Perez-Rua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technicolor Cesson-S\u00e9vign\u00e9, Bretagne, France","University of Oxford"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technicolor Cesson-S\u00e9vign\u00e9, Bretagne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113872462","display_name":"Ond\u0159ej Mik\u0161\u00edk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2929663463","display_name":"Technicolor (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00besvm65","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2929663463","https://openalex.org/I4210121266"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133778","display_name":"Centre Inria de l'Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04040yw90","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210133778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146410","display_name":"Science Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/04j8yhy50","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146410"]}],"countries":["DE","FR","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ondrej Miksik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","Inria, Centre Rennes - Bretagne Atlantique, France","Technicolor Research & Innovation"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146410","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, Centre Rennes - Bretagne Atlantique, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technicolor Research & Innovation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2929663463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tomas Crivelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121266","display_name":"Technicolor (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/02ya5n776","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121266"]}],"countries":["FR","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomas Crivelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technicolor Rennes Research and Innovation Cesson-S\u00e9vign\u00e9, Bretagne, France","University of Oxford"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technicolor Rennes Research and Innovation Cesson-S\u00e9vign\u00e9, Bretagne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Patrick Bouthemy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802519937","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires","ror":"https://ror.org/00myn0z94","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210127572","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2929663463","display_name":"Technicolor (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00besvm65","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2929663463","https://openalex.org/I4210121266"]}],"countries":["DE","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Bouthemy","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRISA/INRIA, Rennes, France","Technicolor Research & Innovation"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRISA/INRIA, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technicolor Research & Innovation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2929663463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001534492","display_name":"Philip H. S. Torr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146410","display_name":"Science Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/04j8yhy50","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146410"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip H. S. Torr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146410","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076170578","display_name":"Patrick P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8124-1206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I220619192","display_name":"Valeo (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ryqpf83","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Valeo.ai, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valeo.ai, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101805096"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210121266"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7153,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74312811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"8","first_page":"1996","last_page":"2010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8254034519195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7563707232475281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.7253377437591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7159452438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5779527425765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5694692134857178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5367568135261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5343992114067078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.43945956230163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-appearance-model","display_name":"Active appearance model","score":0.4272165596485138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4124252200126648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.23756730556488037}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8254034519195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7563707232475281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.7253377437591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7159452438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5779527425765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5694692134857178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5367568135261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5343992114067078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43945956230163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83248878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344000","display_name":"Active appearance model","level":3,"score":0.4272165596485138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4124252200126648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.23756730556488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2019.2904963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2019.2904963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30872223","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30872223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1612.01495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.01495","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1612.01495","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:83c69946-d729-4b8a-b8ae-606454b136df","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:83c69946-d729-4b8a-b8ae-606454b136df","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symplectic Elements","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1612.01495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.01495","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1612.01495","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1203979484","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N019474/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1277543710","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M013774/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2018133609","display_name":"Seebibyte: Visual Search for the Era of Big Data","funder_award_id":"EP/M013774/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2920938420.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2920938420.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192194685","https://openalex.org/W1509445240","https://openalex.org/W1590645542","https://openalex.org/W1597727245","https://openalex.org/W1742181809","https://openalex.org/W1973919408","https://openalex.org/W1975862670","https://openalex.org/W1985176903","https://openalex.org/W1989192603","https://openalex.org/W2007473037","https://openalex.org/W2007640671","https://openalex.org/W2016163842","https://openalex.org/W2017293771","https://openalex.org/W2026400262","https://openalex.org/W2077604257","https://openalex.org/W2102354443","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2102840968","https://openalex.org/W2102978906","https://openalex.org/W2103917701","https://openalex.org/W2104095591","https://openalex.org/W2104351284","https://openalex.org/W2121009299","https://openalex.org/W2124351162","https://openalex.org/W2124404372","https://openalex.org/W2126789858","https://openalex.org/W2131910503","https://openalex.org/W2151049637","https://openalex.org/W2154889144","https://openalex.org/W2156406314","https://openalex.org/W2157887643","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2169551590","https://openalex.org/W2244837655","https://openalex.org/W2322739735","https://openalex.org/W2334997961","https://openalex.org/W2400778364","https://openalex.org/W2402395722","https://openalex.org/W2460260369","https://openalex.org/W2461677039","https://openalex.org/W2463175074","https://openalex.org/W2469578774","https://openalex.org/W2470139095","https://openalex.org/W2470539402","https://openalex.org/W2516233276","https://openalex.org/W2518810941","https://openalex.org/W2541775796","https://openalex.org/W2560764961","https://openalex.org/W2562457735","https://openalex.org/W2604469346","https://openalex.org/W2605951450","https://openalex.org/W2609825896","https://openalex.org/W2920938420","https://openalex.org/W2951638509","https://openalex.org/W2963253279","https://openalex.org/W2964040697","https://openalex.org/W4211189038","https://openalex.org/W4235006968","https://openalex.org/W4240129525","https://openalex.org/W4243194820","https://openalex.org/W4243560994","https://openalex.org/W4248023924","https://openalex.org/W4248635988","https://openalex.org/W4249708417","https://openalex.org/W4250128164","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300027347","https://openalex.org/W4385490361","https://openalex.org/W6635726302","https://openalex.org/W6675705777","https://openalex.org/W6729097550","https://openalex.org/W6743811873"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204184292","https://openalex.org/W3176564347","https://openalex.org/W1985458517","https://openalex.org/W2355833770","https://openalex.org/W3031039437","https://openalex.org/W183202219","https://openalex.org/W3095877357","https://openalex.org/W2072565696","https://openalex.org/W2791533121","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rotoscoping,":[0],"the":[1,40,48,54,73,103,110,174,202,209],"detailed":[2],"delineation":[3],"of":[4,15,53,56,76,88,96,109,116,122,211],"scene":[5],"elements":[6],"through":[7,214],"a":[8,12,42,66,81,94,105,114,178,224],"video":[9],"shot,":[10],"is":[11,182],"painstaking":[13],"task":[14],"tremendous":[16],"importance":[17],"in":[18,80,142],"professional":[19,31],"post-production":[20],"pipelines.":[21],"While":[22],"pixel-wise":[23,228],"segmentation":[24,222],"techniques":[25],"can":[26],"help":[27],"for":[28],"this":[29,60,89,123,147,166,212],"task,":[30],"rotoscoping":[32,62],"tools":[33,217],"rely":[34],"on":[35,47,219],"parametric":[36],"curves":[37],"that":[38,181],"offer":[39],"artists":[41],"much":[43],"better":[44],"interactive":[45],"control":[46],"definition,":[49],"editing":[50],"and":[51,71,113,139,197,207],"manipulation":[52],"segments":[55],"interest.":[57],"Sticking":[58],"to":[59,69,157,160,173,176,184],"prevalent":[61],"paradigm,":[63],"we":[64,168],"propose":[65],"novel":[67],"framework":[68,213],"capture":[70],"track":[72],"visual":[74],"aspect":[75],"an":[77,84,155],"arbitrary":[78],"object":[79,112],"scene,":[82],"given":[83],"initial":[85],"closed":[86,225],"outline":[87],"object.":[90],"This":[91],"model":[92,108,126,148],"combines":[93],"collection":[95],"local":[97,170],"foreground/background":[98],"appearance":[99,107,125],"models":[100],"spread":[101],"along":[102],"outline,":[104],"global":[106],"enclosed":[111],"set":[115],"distinctive":[117],"foreground":[118],"landmarks.":[119],"The":[120,190],"structure":[121],"rich":[124],"allows":[127],"simple":[128],"initialization,":[129],"efficient":[130],"iterative":[131],"optimization":[132],"with":[133,187,216,223],"exact":[134],"minimization":[135],"at":[136],"each":[137],"step,":[138],"on-line":[140],"adaptation":[141],"videos.":[143],"We":[144,204],"further":[145],"extend":[146],"by":[149,201],"so-called":[150],"trimaps":[151,186,192],"which":[152],"serve":[153],"as":[154],"input":[156],"alpha-matting":[158],"algorithms":[159],"allow":[161],"truly":[162],"seamless":[163],"compositing.":[164],"To":[165],"end,":[167],"leverage":[169],"classifiers":[171],"attached":[172],"roto-curves":[175],"define":[177,185],"confidence":[179],"measure":[180],"well-suited":[183],"adaptive":[188],"band-widths.":[189],"resulting":[191],"are":[193],"parametric,":[194],"temporally":[195],"consistent":[196],"remain":[198],"fully":[199],"editable":[200],"artist.":[203],"demonstrate":[205],"qualitatively":[206],"quantitatively":[208],"merit":[210],"comparisons":[215],"based":[218],"either":[220],"dynamic":[221],"curve":[226],"or":[227],"binary":[229],"labelling.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2019-03-22T00:00:00"}
