{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1581862991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2015.2505297","title":"Saying What You're Looking For: Linguistics Meets Video Search","display_name":"Saying What You're Looking For: Linguistics Meets Video Search","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1581862991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2015.2505297","mag":"1581862991","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26660701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2015.2505297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2015.2505297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004899409","display_name":"Daniel Paul Barrett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9318-0594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Paul Barrett","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018507577","display_name":"Andrei Barbu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7626-9266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrei Barbu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"N. Siddharth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Siddharth","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079140683","display_name":"Jeffrey Mark Siskind","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0105-6503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Mark Siskind","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004899409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5616,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73677731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"10","first_page":"2069","last_page":"2081"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7946597337722778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6470216512680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.6464756727218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.6088947653770447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5804853439331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.5534043908119202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5265239477157593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noun","display_name":"Noun","score":0.49223390221595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.476406455039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.43194496631622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4041610658168793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3308289647102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.09980112314224243}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7946597337722778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6470216512680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.6464756727218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6088947653770447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5804853439331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5534043908119202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5265239477157593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121934690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1084","display_name":"Noun","level":2,"score":0.49223390221595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.476406455039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.43194496631622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4041610658168793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3308289647102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09980112314224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2015.2505297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2015.2505297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26660701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26660701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6363158233","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-10-2-0060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309036","display_name":"Purdue University","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322676","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334266","display_name":"Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8316075","https://openalex.org/W1518641734","https://openalex.org/W1599238028","https://openalex.org/W1905882502","https://openalex.org/W1976965931","https://openalex.org/W1991133427","https://openalex.org/W2000220837","https://openalex.org/W2000590230","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2036989445","https://openalex.org/W2039644762","https://openalex.org/W2048343491","https://openalex.org/W2049705550","https://openalex.org/W2063153269","https://openalex.org/W2066134726","https://openalex.org/W2085660690","https://openalex.org/W2086842362","https://openalex.org/W2095661305","https://openalex.org/W2097202741","https://openalex.org/W2099736636","https://openalex.org/W2099806072","https://openalex.org/W2102497689","https://openalex.org/W2104819677","https://openalex.org/W2108431203","https://openalex.org/W2111092656","https://openalex.org/W2122146326","https://openalex.org/W2122683098","https://openalex.org/W2124573631","https://openalex.org/W2124978897","https://openalex.org/W2126579184","https://openalex.org/W2127971417","https://openalex.org/W2131846894","https://openalex.org/W2136985729","https://openalex.org/W2137117795","https://openalex.org/W2144750365","https://openalex.org/W2148297911","https://openalex.org/W2149084152","https://openalex.org/W2153722280","https://openalex.org/W2156108776","https://openalex.org/W2161167999","https://openalex.org/W2166946181","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2171361956","https://openalex.org/W2341171179","https://openalex.org/W2481240925","https://openalex.org/W2535410496","https://openalex.org/W2963811219","https://openalex.org/W2963882196","https://openalex.org/W4296262844","https://openalex.org/W6600334730","https://openalex.org/W6639809013","https://openalex.org/W6674656425","https://openalex.org/W6676573250","https://openalex.org/W6680336390","https://openalex.org/W6683167905","https://openalex.org/W6685230081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W579810227","https://openalex.org/W2952780262","https://openalex.org/W2979495269","https://openalex.org/W2375873920","https://openalex.org/W2392917763","https://openalex.org/W2083429127","https://openalex.org/W2146114872","https://openalex.org/W2392060890","https://openalex.org/W2293063786","https://openalex.org/W2911292476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,181],"present":[1],"an":[2],"approach":[3,122,184],"to":[4,26,127,153,158],"searching":[5,186],"large":[6],"video":[7,77],"corpora":[8],"for":[9,82,165,187],"clips":[10],"which":[11,42,156,168],"depict":[12,110],"a":[13,20,62,66,71,76,86,90],"natural-language":[14,67],"query":[15,64,126],"in":[16,32,85,193],"the":[17,37,53,59,111,124,129,132,138,144],"form":[18],"of":[19,93],"sentence.":[21],"Compositional":[22],"semantics":[23],"is":[24],"used":[25],"encode":[27],"subtle":[28],"meaning":[29],"differences":[30],"lost":[31],"other":[33],"approaches,":[34],"such":[35,172,178],"as":[36,173,179],"difference":[38],"between":[39],"two":[40],"sentences":[41],"have":[43],"identical":[44],"words":[45],"but":[46],"entirely":[47],"different":[48],"meaning:":[49],"The":[50,56],"person":[51],"rode":[52,58],"horse":[54,57],"versus":[55],"person.":[60],"Given":[61],"sentential":[63,125,145,191],"and":[65,88,102,105,116,135,176],"parser,":[68],"we":[69,163],"produce":[70],"score":[72],"indicating":[73],"how":[74],"well":[75],"clip":[78,84],"depicts":[79],"that":[80,137],"sentence":[81],"each":[83],"corpus":[87],"return":[89],"ranked":[91],"list":[92],"clips.":[94],"Two":[95],"fundamental":[96],"problems":[97],"are":[98,119,141],"addressed":[99],"simultaneously:":[100],"detecting":[101],"tracking":[103,115],"objects,":[104],"recognizing":[106],"whether":[107],"those":[108],"tracks":[109,140],"query.":[112,146],"Because":[113],"both":[114],"object":[117],"detection":[118],"unreliable,":[120],"our":[121],"uses":[123],"focus":[128],"tracker":[130],"on":[131],"relevant":[133],"participants":[134],"ensures":[136],"resulting":[139],"described":[142],"by":[143,185],"While":[147],"most":[148],"earlier":[149],"work":[150],"was":[151],"limited":[152],"single-word":[154],"queries":[155,167,192],"correspond":[157],"either":[159],"verbs":[160],"or":[161],"nouns,":[162],"search":[164],"complex":[166],"contain":[169],"multiple":[170],"phrases,":[171,175],"prepositional":[174],"modifiers,":[177],"adverbs.":[180],"demonstrate":[182],"this":[183],"2,627":[188],"naturally":[189],"elicited":[190],"10":[194],"Hollywood":[195],"movies.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
