{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2295688876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2015.2453959","title":"Photometric Ambient Occlusion for Intrinsic Image Decomposition","display_name":"Photometric Ambient Occlusion for Intrinsic Image Decomposition","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2295688876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2015.2453959","mag":"2295688876","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26959670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2015.2453959","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2015.2453959","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038921190","display_name":"Daniel Cabrini Hauagge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Hauagge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Computer Science, Ithaca, New York"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Computer Science, Ithaca, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013922391","display_name":"Scott Wehrwein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-0412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Wehrwein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Computer Science, Ithaca, New York"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Computer Science, Ithaca, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087263986","display_name":"Kavita Bala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9761-6503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kavita Bala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Computer Science, Ithaca, New York"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Computer Science, Ithaca, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085248097","display_name":"Noah Snavely","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-6833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noah Snavely","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Computer Science, Ithaca, New York"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Computer Science, Ithaca, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038921190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7487,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80517839,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"4","first_page":"639","last_page":"651"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7267391681671143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7202016711235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6204044222831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.5619957447052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-illumination","display_name":"Global illumination","score":0.5541394352912903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.502338171005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.5001997947692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4769543409347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.43889299035072327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bidirectional-reflectance-distribution-function","display_name":"Bidirectional reflectance distribution function","score":0.42873457074165344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothness","display_name":"Smoothness","score":0.4191182851791382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.35085809230804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2946139872074127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectivity","display_name":"Reflectivity","score":0.22465741634368896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.16152772307395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.13133478164672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10443642735481262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7267391681671143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7202016711235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6204044222831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.5619957447052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89720835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1531701","display_name":"Global illumination","level":3,"score":0.5541394352912903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.502338171005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.5001997947692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4769543409347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.43889299035072327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151596937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856980","display_name":"Bidirectional reflectance distribution function","level":3,"score":0.42873457074165344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102634674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868473","display_name":"Smoothness","level":2,"score":0.4191182851791382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.35085809230804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2946139872074127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108597893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663650","display_name":"Reflectivity","level":2,"score":0.22465741634368896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.16152772307395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.13133478164672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10443642735481262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2015.2453959","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2015.2453959","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26959670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26959670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.696.1462","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.696.1462","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.cornell.edu/projects/photoao/files/photoao_pami2015_v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3062629589","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1149393","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5355035152","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-0963657","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8642471258","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1111534","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323448","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65018654","https://openalex.org/W1510622608","https://openalex.org/W1511909101","https://openalex.org/W1566485861","https://openalex.org/W1638031671","https://openalex.org/W1935568763","https://openalex.org/W1967721316","https://openalex.org/W1974644415","https://openalex.org/W1978356057","https://openalex.org/W1997699040","https://openalex.org/W2002193550","https://openalex.org/W2010812559","https://openalex.org/W2020210067","https://openalex.org/W2020733757","https://openalex.org/W2024270601","https://openalex.org/W2027560260","https://openalex.org/W2035683503","https://openalex.org/W2060414163","https://openalex.org/W2066085919","https://openalex.org/W2078020442","https://openalex.org/W2098551034","https://openalex.org/W2112417771","https://openalex.org/W2113404166","https://openalex.org/W2128773688","https://openalex.org/W2133661850","https://openalex.org/W2136748901","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2151159838","https://openalex.org/W2163405717","https://openalex.org/W2164847484","https://openalex.org/W2541113228","https://openalex.org/W4214725772","https://openalex.org/W6602647839","https://openalex.org/W6630394049","https://openalex.org/W6630777306","https://openalex.org/W6679674316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996671438","https://openalex.org/W4382897192","https://openalex.org/W2063805703","https://openalex.org/W2611841783","https://openalex.org/W2010071472","https://openalex.org/W2155104807","https://openalex.org/W2158803563","https://openalex.org/W2025036815","https://openalex.org/W2593128750","https://openalex.org/W4205984246"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,85,115],"present":[1],"a":[2,10,15,19,24,35,80],"method":[3,119],"for":[4,9,96],"computing":[5],"ambient":[6],"occlusion":[7],"(AO)":[8],"stack":[11],"of":[12,14],"images":[13],"Lambertian":[16],"scene":[17],"from":[18,46],"fixed":[20],"viewpoint.":[21],"Ambient":[22],"occlusion,":[23],"concept":[25],"common":[26],"in":[27,62],"computer":[28],"graphics,":[29],"characterizes":[30],"the":[31,110],"local":[32],"visibility":[33],"at":[34],"point:":[36],"it":[37,67],"approximates":[38],"how":[39],"much":[40],"light":[41],"can":[42,68],"reach":[43],"that":[44,66],"point":[45],"different":[47],"directions":[48],"without":[49,98],"getting":[50],"blocked":[51],"by":[52],"other":[53],"geometry.":[54,134],"While":[55],"AO":[56,89],"has":[57],"received":[58],"surprisingly":[59],"little":[60],"attention":[61],"vision,":[63],"we":[64],"show":[65],"be":[69],"approximated":[70],"using":[71],"simple,":[72],"per-pixel":[73],"statistics":[74],"over":[75],"image":[76,82],"stacks,":[77],"based":[78],"on":[79,100,109,120],"simplified":[81],"formation":[83],"model.":[84],"use":[86],"our":[87,118],"derived":[88],"measure":[90],"to":[91],"compute":[92],"reflectance":[93],"and":[94,104,123],"illumination":[95],"objects":[97,129],"relying":[99],"additional":[101],"smoothness":[102],"priors,":[103],"demonstrate":[105,117],"state-of-the":[106],"art":[107],"performance":[108],"MIT":[111],"Intrinsic":[112],"Images":[113],"benchmark.":[114],"also":[116],"several":[121],"synthetic":[122],"real":[124],"scenes,":[125],"including":[126],"3D":[127],"printed":[128],"with":[130],"known":[131],"ground":[132],"truth":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
