{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2050728566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2014.2366144","title":"Learning the Information Divergence","display_name":"Learning the Information Divergence","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2050728566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2014.2366144","mag":"2050728566","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26352451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2014.2366144","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2014.2366144","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028197135","display_name":"Onur Dikmen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6565-4860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onur Dikmen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080414124","display_name":"Zhirong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8412-5684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhirong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085424325","display_name":"Erkki Oja","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erkki Oja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77827051,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"7","first_page":"1442","last_page":"1454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12303","display_name":"Tensor decomposition and applications","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2605","display_name":"Computational Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12303","display_name":"Tensor decomposition and applications","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2605","display_name":"Computational Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12814","display_name":"Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.7985380291938782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bregman-divergence","display_name":"Bregman divergence","score":0.6520957946777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5735970139503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5324916243553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-negative-matrix-factorization","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","score":0.504177451133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kullback\u2013leibler-divergence","display_name":"Kullback\u2013Leibler divergence","score":0.4889441728591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47358208894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.42208701372146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.42090314626693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3651058077812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3514523506164551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.29894888401031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.2018313705921173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.10751011967658997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7985380291938782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149073432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4960382","display_name":"Bregman divergence","level":2,"score":0.6520957946777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5735970139503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5324916243553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152671427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10843505","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","level":4,"score":0.504177451133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171752962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255166","display_name":"Kullback\u2013Leibler divergence","level":2,"score":0.4889441728591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47358208894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.42208701372146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.42090314626693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3651058077812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3514523506164551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.29894888401031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2018313705921173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.10751011967658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2014.2366144","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2014.2366144","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26352451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26352451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4249896723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"251170","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6415071535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"140398","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309070","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324119","display_name":"Uppsala Universitet","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65622836","https://openalex.org/W176887922","https://openalex.org/W1505878979","https://openalex.org/W1520168181","https://openalex.org/W1526533144","https://openalex.org/W1530235965","https://openalex.org/W1825424792","https://openalex.org/W1880262756","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W1930148948","https://openalex.org/W1968288349","https://openalex.org/W2033468335","https://openalex.org/W2035641621","https://openalex.org/W2039844283","https://openalex.org/W2042587503","https://openalex.org/W2045405869","https://openalex.org/W2051144468","https://openalex.org/W2051657238","https://openalex.org/W2054954154","https://openalex.org/W2055070149","https://openalex.org/W2056786014","https://openalex.org/W2059586969","https://openalex.org/W2097939965","https://openalex.org/W2107743791","https://openalex.org/W2110672659","https://openalex.org/W2114508388","https://openalex.org/W2116542188","https://openalex.org/W2117890631","https://openalex.org/W2118020555","https://openalex.org/W2121960750","https://openalex.org/W2133284024","https://openalex.org/W2134659151","https://openalex.org/W2140318696","https://openalex.org/W2145725490","https://openalex.org/W2149497493","https://openalex.org/W2150070703","https://openalex.org/W2157444450","https://openalex.org/W2168446235","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2336550646","https://openalex.org/W2404400936","https://openalex.org/W2465940576","https://openalex.org/W2625049069","https://openalex.org/W4231510805","https://openalex.org/W4233135949","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300223101","https://openalex.org/W6607207477","https://openalex.org/W6631644986","https://openalex.org/W6631886430","https://openalex.org/W6639619044","https://openalex.org/W6640387175","https://openalex.org/W6674525294","https://openalex.org/W6676306258","https://openalex.org/W6677847832","https://openalex.org/W6680770193","https://openalex.org/W6683161245","https://openalex.org/W6703479546","https://openalex.org/W6739635633","https://openalex.org/W6991377603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4290793960","https://openalex.org/W2895052949","https://openalex.org/W2037001019","https://openalex.org/W2804257782","https://openalex.org/W4299147440","https://openalex.org/W2039263519","https://openalex.org/W2518544128","https://openalex.org/W2105321464","https://openalex.org/W4309585996","https://openalex.org/W4309651314"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"divergence":[1,73,90,193,200],"that":[2,83,167,185],"measures":[3],"the":[4,71,88,109,113,146,154],"difference":[5],"between":[6,156],"two":[7],"nonnegative":[8],"matrices":[9],"or":[10],"tensors":[11],"has":[12],"found":[13],"its":[14],"use":[15],"in":[16,130],"a":[17,41,47,75,81,92,118],"variety":[18,52],"of":[19,39,53,70,87,132,138,145],"machine":[20,119],"learning":[21,42,120,147,196],"problems.":[22],"Examples":[23],"are":[24,64],"Nonnegative":[25],"Matrix/Tensor":[26],"Factorization,":[27],"Stochastic":[28],"Neighbor":[29],"Embedding,":[30],"topic":[31],"models,":[32],"and":[33,58,158,164,181,198],"Bayesian":[34],"network":[35],"optimization.":[36],"The":[37],"success":[38],"such":[40,166],"task":[43],"depends":[44],"heavily":[45],"on":[46,96,178],"suitable":[48],"divergence.":[49],"A":[50],"large":[51],"divergences":[54],"have":[55],"been":[56],"suggested":[57],"analyzed,":[59],"but":[60],"very":[61],"few":[62],"results":[63],"available":[65],"for":[66,74,108,149],"an":[67,104],"objective":[68],"choice":[69],"optimal":[72],"given":[76,93],"task.":[77],"Here":[78],"we":[79,127,152],"present":[80],"framework":[82,171],"facilitates":[84],"automatic":[85,136,169],"selection":[86,137,170],"best":[89,114],"among":[91],"family,":[94],"based":[95],"standard":[97],"maximum":[98,124,141],"likelihood":[99,142],"estimation.":[100],"We":[101],"first":[102],"propose":[103],"approximated":[105],"Tweedie":[106],"distribution":[107],"\u03b2-divergence":[110],"family.":[111],"Selecting":[112],"\u03b2":[115],"then":[116],"becomes":[117],"problem":[121],"solved":[122],"by":[123,140],"likelihood.":[125],"Next,":[126],"reformulate":[128],"\u03b1-divergence":[129],"terms":[131],"\u03b2-divergence,":[133],"which":[134],"enables":[135],"\u03b1":[139],"with":[143],"reuse":[144],"principle":[148],"\u03b2-divergence.":[150],"Furthermore,":[151],"show":[153],"connections":[155],"\u03b3-":[157],"\u03b2-divergences":[159],"as":[160,162],"well":[161],"Renyi-":[163],"\u03b1-divergences,":[165],"our":[168,186],"is":[172],"extended":[173],"to":[174],"non-separable":[175],"divergences.":[176],"Experiments":[177],"both":[179],"synthetic":[180],"real-world":[182],"data":[183],"demonstrate":[184],"method":[187],"can":[188],"quite":[189],"accurately":[190],"select":[191],"information":[192],"across":[194],"different":[195],"problems":[197],"various":[199],"families.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
