{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2113593278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2003.1190572","title":"A common set of perceptual observables for grouping, figure-ground discrimination, and texture classification","display_name":"A common set of perceptual observables for grouping, figure-ground discrimination, and texture classification","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2113593278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2003.1190572","mag":"2113593278"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2003.1190572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2003.1190572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033278948","display_name":"Anthony Hoogs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134512","display_name":"GE Global Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03e06qt98","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Hoogs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geneal Electric Corporate Research and Development Center, UK","GE Corporate Res. & Dev., Niskayuna, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geneal Electric Corporate Research and Development Center, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GE Corporate Res. & Dev., Niskayuna, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108194219","display_name":"Roddy Collins","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165799507","display_name":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01rtyzb94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Collins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066830471","display_name":"Robert Kaucic","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Kaucic","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005220729","display_name":"Joseph L. Mundy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6534-2736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Mundy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Division of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA","[Engineering Division of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Division of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Engineering Division of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6953,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90632403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"4","first_page":"458","last_page":"474"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7015731334686279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/figure\u2013ground","display_name":"Figure\u2013ground","score":0.6829872131347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classification-of-discontinuities","display_name":"Classification of discontinuities","score":0.6563416719436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-texture","display_name":"Image texture","score":0.6426250338554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture-filtering","display_name":"Texture filtering","score":0.5883690714836121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5874136686325073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observable","display_name":"Observable","score":0.5172567963600159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gestalt-psychology","display_name":"Gestalt psychology","score":0.5067649483680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.49996495246887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4833230972290039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","score":0.4649442732334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42789462208747864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.4137875735759735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.3820248246192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.35661885142326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.2678452134132385}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7015731334686279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104319648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412040","display_name":"Figure\u2013ground","level":3,"score":0.6829872131347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15627037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541961","display_name":"Classification of discontinuities","level":2,"score":0.6563416719436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63099799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17147001","display_name":"Image texture","level":4,"score":0.6426250338554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144743038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3267765","display_name":"Texture filtering","level":5,"score":0.5883690714836121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5874136686325073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.5172567963600159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27362006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272021","display_name":"Gestalt psychology","level":3,"score":0.5067649483680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.49996495246887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4833230972290039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289436","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","level":3,"score":0.4649442732334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42789462208747864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.4137875735759735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.3820248246192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.35661885142326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.2678452134132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.2003.1190572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2003.1190572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W173038495","https://openalex.org/W1872952288","https://openalex.org/W2000123870","https://openalex.org/W2023417042","https://openalex.org/W2029727948","https://openalex.org/W2067191022","https://openalex.org/W2098152234","https://openalex.org/W2098347925","https://openalex.org/W2098800028","https://openalex.org/W2104019579","https://openalex.org/W2106110775","https://openalex.org/W2106742077","https://openalex.org/W2108299137","https://openalex.org/W2117766076","https://openalex.org/W2121947440","https://openalex.org/W2125148312","https://openalex.org/W2126925969","https://openalex.org/W2129391100","https://openalex.org/W2131992491","https://openalex.org/W2132137745","https://openalex.org/W2132603077","https://openalex.org/W2135719501","https://openalex.org/W2136120429","https://openalex.org/W2140000690","https://openalex.org/W2140966579","https://openalex.org/W2143671159","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2148861411","https://openalex.org/W2154941050","https://openalex.org/W2161597143","https://openalex.org/W2162856522","https://openalex.org/W2163869712","https://openalex.org/W2171612090","https://openalex.org/W2799061466","https://openalex.org/W4205687621"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081624010","https://openalex.org/W2376264677","https://openalex.org/W1974099620","https://openalex.org/W2109507837","https://openalex.org/W2165772202","https://openalex.org/W2154859065","https://openalex.org/W2115502907","https://openalex.org/W1983661653","https://openalex.org/W108422478","https://openalex.org/W2093957690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,99],"present":[1],"a":[2,10,92,104,153],"complete":[3],"set":[4],"of":[5,96,106,176],"perceptual":[6,114],"observables":[7,185],"that":[8,68,140],"provides":[9],"unified":[11],"image":[12,35,81,97,102,145,193],"description":[13],"for":[14,34,45,55,61,156],"grouping,":[15,38],"figure-ground":[16,189],"separation,":[17,190],"and":[18,31,37,48,57,87,112,135,148,162,191],"texture":[19,32,49,88,163,187],"analysis.":[20],"Although":[21],"much":[22],"progress":[23],"has":[24],"been":[25],"made":[26],"recently":[27],"in":[28,65,91],"treating":[29],"contours":[30,56],"simultaneously":[33],"segmentation":[36],"current":[39],"approaches":[40],"rely":[41],"on":[42,131,158,170],"different":[43],"models":[44],"contours,":[46,85],"regions,":[47,86],"such":[50,83],"as":[51,84,103,116,167],"one-dimensional":[52],"intensity":[53,110],"discontinuities":[54,111],"filter":[58],"bank":[59],"responses":[60],"texture.":[62],"This":[63,121],"results":[64],"expensive":[66],"computation":[67],"arbitrates":[69],"between":[70,118],"these":[71],"disparate":[72],"representations":[73],"at":[74],"each":[75],"pixel.":[76],"In":[77],"our":[78,177],"approach,":[79],"salient":[80],"content":[82],"are":[89],"represented":[90],"common,":[93],"low-level":[94],"framework":[95],"observables.":[98],"model":[100,178],"the":[101,126,183],"partition":[105],"surfaces":[107],"bounded":[108],"by":[109,181],"derive":[113],"measures":[115,129,139,151],"relations":[117],"neighboring":[119],"surfaces.":[120],"enables":[122],"us":[123],"to":[124,137,186],"extend":[125],"traditional":[127],"Gestalt":[128],"based":[130],"local":[132,171],"edge":[133],"geometry":[134],"contrast":[136],"region-based":[138],"jointly":[141],"exploit":[142],"large":[143],"scale":[144],"topology,":[146],"photometry,":[147],"geometry.":[149],"These":[150],"provide":[152],"natural":[154],"basis":[155],"grouping":[157],"multidimensional":[159],"similarity":[160],"criteria":[161],"is":[164,179],"directly":[165],"derived":[166],"relational":[168],"properties":[169],"region":[172],"neighborhoods.":[173],"The":[174],"viability":[175],"demonstrated":[180],"applying":[182],"common":[184],"recognition,":[188],"generic":[192],"segmentation.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}