{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2022145937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1987.4767925","title":"Forward/Backward Contour Tracing with Feedback","display_name":"Forward/Backward Contour Tracing with Feedback","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2022145937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1987.4767925","mag":"2022145937","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22516636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.1987.4767925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1987.4767925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070370127","display_name":"Bor-Dong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117707","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (Czechia)","ror":"https://ror.org/02vf5zz47","country_code":"CZ","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536","https://openalex.org/I4210117707"]}],"countries":["CZ","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bor-Dong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202; Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA","Ford Motor Company Limited, Dearborn, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202; Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536","https://openalex.org/I4210117707"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Motor Company Limited, Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110038566","display_name":"Pepe Siy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pepe Siy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8129,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85065748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"PAMI-9","issue":"3","first_page":"438","last_page":"446"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12923","display_name":"Digital Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.8957487940788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.7206354141235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6781914234161377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6757931709289551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6383805274963379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.5262234210968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.48530644178390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36811262369155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3619806170463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21863695979118347}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.8957487940788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.7206354141235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6781914234161377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6757931709289551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6383805274963379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5262234210968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.48530644178390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36811262369155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3619806170463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21863695979118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.1987.4767925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1987.4767925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22516636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22516636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965124340","https://openalex.org/W1971091026","https://openalex.org/W1975848585","https://openalex.org/W1993850931","https://openalex.org/W2002667053","https://openalex.org/W2003750906","https://openalex.org/W2014197416","https://openalex.org/W2069225252","https://openalex.org/W2095364258","https://openalex.org/W2095905764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978572805","https://openalex.org/W2383807498","https://openalex.org/W1997992934","https://openalex.org/W1987225439","https://openalex.org/W4238188170","https://openalex.org/W2125114371","https://openalex.org/W2019977573","https://openalex.org/W2149980199","https://openalex.org/W3125766170","https://openalex.org/W1964263177"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,19],"correspondence":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,26],"contour":[4],"extraction":[5],"algorithm":[6,91],"which":[7],"can":[8],"gradually":[9],"improve":[10],"its":[11],"results":[12],"until":[13],"the":[14,56,64],"extracted":[15],"contours":[16,42],"are":[17,44],"closed.":[18],"is":[20,35,71,87,92],"achieved":[21],"by":[22],"an":[23],"architecture":[24],"with":[25],"feedback":[27,33],"path":[28,34],"for":[29,83,95],"local":[30,60,85],"smoothing.":[31],"The":[32,89],"activated":[36],"only":[37],"when":[38],"one":[39],"or":[40],"more":[41],"obtained":[43],"not":[45],"closed":[46,100],"in":[47,52],"order":[48],"to":[49,58,73],"initiate":[50],"smoothing":[51,80],"noisy":[53],"areas":[54],"of":[55],"image":[57],"remove":[59],"irregularities":[61,86],"that":[62,98],"cause":[63],"problems.":[65],"A":[66,79],"forward/backward":[67],"boundary":[68],"tracing":[69],"mechanism":[70],"employed":[72],"facilitate":[74],"locating":[75],"any":[76],"troubled":[77],"areas.":[78],"method":[81],"appropriate":[82],"reducing":[84],"discussed.":[88],"proposed":[90],"very":[93],"suitable":[94],"those":[96],"applications":[97],"demand":[99],"contours,":[101],"such":[102],"as":[103],"character":[104],"recognition":[105],"and":[106],"blob":[107],"detection.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
