{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071928472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1986.4767853","title":"Binocular Image Flows: Steps Toward Stereo-Motion Fusion","display_name":"Binocular Image Flows: Steps Toward Stereo-Motion Fusion","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071928472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1986.4767853","mag":"2071928472","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21869367"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.1986.4767853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1986.4767853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109342527","display_name":"Allen M. Waxman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Allen M. Waxman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080925730","display_name":"James H. Duncan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3740-9881"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James H. Duncan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Flow Research Company, Silver Spring, MD, USA","Flow Research Company, Silver Spring, MD 20910"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Flow Research Company, Silver Spring, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Flow Research Company, Silver Spring, MD 20910","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109342527"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.6126,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":184,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99060254,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"PAMI-8","issue":"6","first_page":"715","last_page":"729"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.828245997428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7671749591827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.7071460485458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-flow","display_name":"Optical flow","score":0.6688019037246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6430561542510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereopsis","display_name":"Stereopsis","score":0.5954477787017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.5934535264968872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-stereo-vision","display_name":"Computer stereo vision","score":0.5225205421447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correspondence-problem","display_name":"Correspondence problem","score":0.46357256174087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binocular-disparity","display_name":"Binocular disparity","score":0.45011743903160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.44016867876052856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereo-cameras","display_name":"Stereo cameras","score":0.41167664527893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structure-from-motion","display_name":"Structure from motion","score":0.41148728132247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3962668776512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3306831121444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.18819165229797363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.828245997428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7671749591827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.7071460485458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155542232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736111","display_name":"Optical flow","level":3,"score":0.6688019037246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6430561542510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68537008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247932","display_name":"Stereopsis","level":2,"score":0.5954477787017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5934535264968872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31451488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157586","display_name":"Computer stereo vision","level":3,"score":0.5225205421447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3004257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084606","display_name":"Correspondence problem","level":2,"score":0.46357256174087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90790637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681118","display_name":"Binocular disparity","level":3,"score":0.45011743903160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.44016867876052856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35861506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141434","display_name":"Stereo cameras","level":3,"score":0.41167664527893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146159030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625099","display_name":"Structure from motion","level":3,"score":0.41148728132247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3962668776512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3306831121444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.18819165229797363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.1986.4767853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1986.4767853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21869367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21869367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:ADA158089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA158089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923043","display_name":"Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"DTIC AND NTIS","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W199427962","https://openalex.org/W1549696365","https://openalex.org/W1598123022","https://openalex.org/W1633869440","https://openalex.org/W1968103523","https://openalex.org/W1975048980","https://openalex.org/W1989701469","https://openalex.org/W1993223529","https://openalex.org/W1995447937","https://openalex.org/W1995756857","https://openalex.org/W2002882922","https://openalex.org/W2017052337","https://openalex.org/W2025943913","https://openalex.org/W2039546890","https://openalex.org/W2064568388","https://openalex.org/W2083161364","https://openalex.org/W2123458071","https://openalex.org/W2176060847","https://openalex.org/W3080590132","https://openalex.org/W4247493655","https://openalex.org/W4298294117","https://openalex.org/W6608215895","https://openalex.org/W6632736665"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995461481","https://openalex.org/W2159934567","https://openalex.org/W2098989393","https://openalex.org/W2117497930","https://openalex.org/W2371616328","https://openalex.org/W2135780382","https://openalex.org/W2114172293","https://openalex.org/W2077357450","https://openalex.org/W2133293104","https://openalex.org/W759094398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,147],"analyses":[1,35],"of":[2,26,56,64,125,131,133,149],"visual":[3],"data":[4],"by":[5,53,156,168],"stereo":[6,32,42,87,118,145],"and":[7,33,49,67,88,117,139,170],"motion":[8,34,59,89],"modules":[9],"have":[10],"typically":[11],"been":[12],"treated":[13],"as":[14],"separate":[15],"parallel":[16],"processes":[17],"which":[18,85,95],"both":[19],"feed":[20],"a":[21,45,69,92,107],"common":[22],"viewer-centered":[23],"2.5-D":[24],"sketch":[25],"the":[27,54,62,100,123,126,163],"scene.":[28],"When":[29],"acting":[30],"separately,":[31],"are":[36],"subject":[37],"to":[38,74,98,122,136],"certain":[39],"inherent":[40],"difficulties;":[41],"must":[43],"resolve":[44],"combinatorial":[46],"correspondence":[47],"problem":[48],"is":[50,82,106],"further":[51],"complicated":[52],"presence":[55],"occluding":[57],"boundaries,":[58],"analysis":[60,90],"involves":[61],"solution":[63],"nonlinear":[65],"equations":[66],"yields":[68],"3-D":[70],"interpretation":[71],"specified":[72],"up":[73],"an":[75],"undetermined":[76],"scale":[77],"factor.":[78],"A":[79],"new":[80],"module":[81],"described":[83],"here":[84],"unifies":[86],"in":[91,94,143],"manner":[93],"each":[96],"helps":[97],"overcome":[99],"other's":[101],"short-comings.":[102],"One":[103],"important":[104],"result":[105],"correlation":[108],"between":[109],"relative":[110],"image":[111],"flow":[112],"(i.e.,":[113],"binocular":[114],"difference":[115],"flow)":[116],"disparity;":[119],"it":[120],"points":[121],"importance":[124,148],"ratio":[127],"\u00bf":[128,135],"\u00bf,":[129,138],"rate":[130],"change":[132],"disparity":[134,137],"its":[140],"possible":[141],"role":[142],"establishing":[144],"correspondence.":[146],"such":[150],"ratios":[151],"was":[152],"first":[153],"pointed":[154],"out":[155],"Richards":[157],"[19].":[158],"Our":[159],"formulation":[160],"may":[161],"reflect":[162],"human":[164],"perception":[165],"channel":[166],"probed":[167],"Regan":[169],"Beverley":[171],"[18].":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}