{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126112320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2026.3659336","title":"Uncertainty Rumor Blocking in Social Networks: A Graph Inverse Reinforcement Learning Approach","display_name":"Uncertainty Rumor Blocking in Social Networks: A Graph Inverse Reinforcement Learning Approach","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126112320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2026.3659336"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2026.3659336","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2026.3659336","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124173684","display_name":"Qiang He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiang He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhen Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0461-0269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113788581","display_name":"Runze Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1270-4072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runze Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124244899","display_name":"Zelin Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zelin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121536869","display_name":"Hui Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181679659","display_name":"Shanghai University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/00wtvfq62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181679659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research of Computation and Economics and the School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research of Computation and Economics and the School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181679659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124252540","display_name":"Xingwei Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lianbo Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9969-211X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lianbo Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121496786","display_name":"Keping Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204291657","display_name":"Hosei University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx6dj65","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204291657"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keping Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204291657"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5124173684"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18013211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"3424","last_page":"3436"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.4352000057697296,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.4352000057697296,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.4320000112056732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.05050000175833702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rumor","display_name":"Rumor","score":0.9674000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blocking","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","score":0.6937000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6093000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5769000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5724999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5078999996185303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780469804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878352","display_name":"Rumor","level":2,"score":0.9674000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144745244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6937000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.650600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6093000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5769000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5724999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5078999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.48339998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4530999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35760000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775973920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3252726","display_name":"Selection algorithm","level":3,"score":0.2554999887943268}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2026.3659336","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2026.3659336","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6159477829933167,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G126190782","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202089","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1774009349","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71620107003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2534699186","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23QA1403100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327803","funder_display_name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2626357709","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72192832","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6707267092","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72371148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7362404273","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71325002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8010544576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N2319004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327803","display_name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989524890","https://openalex.org/W2005933972","https://openalex.org/W2108858998","https://openalex.org/W2139297408","https://openalex.org/W2141403143","https://openalex.org/W2150256170","https://openalex.org/W2472664708","https://openalex.org/W2492435958","https://openalex.org/W2775405813","https://openalex.org/W2790166049","https://openalex.org/W2922366070","https://openalex.org/W2962715553","https://openalex.org/W2996505211","https://openalex.org/W3116296801","https://openalex.org/W3120433024","https://openalex.org/W3138984732","https://openalex.org/W3155925808","https://openalex.org/W3160491517","https://openalex.org/W3165122466","https://openalex.org/W3165815830","https://openalex.org/W3171044370","https://openalex.org/W3181079916","https://openalex.org/W3195561546","https://openalex.org/W4206031452","https://openalex.org/W4220885976","https://openalex.org/W4226344588","https://openalex.org/W4308033659","https://openalex.org/W4323357547","https://openalex.org/W4328055021","https://openalex.org/W4375859389","https://openalex.org/W4376607800","https://openalex.org/W4389722082","https://openalex.org/W4392811027","https://openalex.org/W4392824688","https://openalex.org/W4394750221","https://openalex.org/W4396882762","https://openalex.org/W7083304882"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rumor":[0,56],"blocking":[1,31],"approaches":[2],"in":[3,44,133],"social":[4],"networks":[5],"aim":[6],"to":[7,21,106],"identify":[8],"a":[9,69,77,97],"small":[10],"set":[11,70],"of":[12,26,36,54,71,82,123,136],"counter-rumor":[13,109],"seed":[14,110],"nodes":[15],"and":[16],"compete":[17],"with":[18,76],"rumor":[19,30,37,64,83,138],"cascades":[20],"quickly":[22],"stop":[23],"the":[24,52,61,80,120,134],"propagation":[25],"rumors.":[27],"However,":[28],"current":[29],"methods":[32,129],"assume":[33],"complete":[34],"knowledge":[35],"node":[38,65,87,131],"positions,":[39],"which":[40],"is":[41],"often":[42],"unattainable":[43],"real-world":[45],"scenarios.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48],"paper,":[49],"we":[50,59,95,118],"introduce":[51],"concept":[53],"Uncertainty":[55],"Blocking,":[57],"where":[58],"address":[60],"uncertainty":[62,137],"surrounding":[63],"locations":[66],"by":[67],"considering":[68],"suspicious":[72],"nodes,":[73],"each":[74],"associated":[75],"probability":[78],"indicating":[79],"likelihood":[81],"propagation.":[84],"As":[85],"traditional":[86],"selection":[88,132],"algorithms":[89],"become":[90],"inadequate":[91],"under":[92],"uncertain":[93],"conditions,":[94],"propose":[96],"Graph":[98],"Neural":[99],"Network-based":[100],"Inverse":[101],"Reinforcement":[102],"Learning":[103],"(G-IRL)":[104],"approach":[105],"effectively":[107],"select":[108],"nodes.":[111],"Through":[112],"comprehensive":[113],"experimentation":[114],"on":[115],"three":[116],"datasets,":[117],"demonstrate":[119],"consistent":[121],"superiority":[122],"our":[124],"G-IRL":[125],"over":[126],"state-of-the-art":[127],"baseline":[128],"for":[130],"context":[135],"containment.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}