{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118219249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3650658","title":"Neural-Enhanced Modulation for Spatial Selective Transmission on Low-End IoT Devices","display_name":"Neural-Enhanced Modulation for Spatial Selective Transmission on Low-End IoT Devices","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118219249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3650658"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2025.3650658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3650658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077097916","display_name":"Huangwei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0271-4015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huangwei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121931587","display_name":"Tingchao Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingchao Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121965917","display_name":"Meng Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121973221","display_name":"Tao Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057836314","display_name":"XInbing Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinbing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023919188","display_name":"Chenghu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3331-2302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenghu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077097916"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02889309,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"3013","last_page":"3028"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.2833999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.2833999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.1306000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.08110000193119049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microphone","display_name":"Microphone","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6377000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6244000196456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5996999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.5964000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.5856000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.5388000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5306000113487244}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7282999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778263558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46384","display_name":"Microphone","level":3,"score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6377000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6244000196456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5996999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.5964000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.5856000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.5388000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5306000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357054","display_name":"Antenna diversity","level":3,"score":0.5273000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4787999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.476500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.47279998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.42820000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.36070001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197264572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2095206","display_name":"Pilot signal","level":3,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.35569998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983568541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Information transmission","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2025.3650658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3650658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G151047098","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2011988218","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62020106005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2697090571","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61960206002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2704078263","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272293","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8760566353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62061146002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8860993187","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"623B2071","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1811605617","https://openalex.org/W2032915554","https://openalex.org/W2037342345","https://openalex.org/W2067528301","https://openalex.org/W2123923666","https://openalex.org/W2124602541","https://openalex.org/W2524232494","https://openalex.org/W2761188035","https://openalex.org/W2770567588","https://openalex.org/W2797556357","https://openalex.org/W2896186474","https://openalex.org/W2896832474","https://openalex.org/W2964333729","https://openalex.org/W2980064241","https://openalex.org/W2980558733","https://openalex.org/W2980911691","https://openalex.org/W3006816054","https://openalex.org/W3023203298","https://openalex.org/W3033149017","https://openalex.org/W3088639796","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3106924342","https://openalex.org/W3140645045","https://openalex.org/W3152723633","https://openalex.org/W3186086825","https://openalex.org/W3188904992","https://openalex.org/W3193583454","https://openalex.org/W3201134189","https://openalex.org/W3202670789","https://openalex.org/W3208370553","https://openalex.org/W3217317857","https://openalex.org/W4226193994","https://openalex.org/W4283216468","https://openalex.org/W4308089457","https://openalex.org/W4311415873","https://openalex.org/W4362450333","https://openalex.org/W4383754946","https://openalex.org/W4399139395"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"tries":[2],"to":[3,32,186],"answer":[4,17,54],"a":[5,58,71,101,134],"question:":[6],"\u201cCan":[7],"we":[8],"achieve":[9],"spatial-selective":[10],"transmission":[11,23],"on":[12,38,46,141,155,174],"IoT":[13,25,48,143],"devices?\u201d":[14],"A":[15],"positive":[16],"would":[18],"enable":[19],"more":[20],"secure":[21],"data":[22],"among":[24],"devices.":[26,49],"The":[27],"challenge,":[28],"however,":[29],"is":[30,84,121,133],"how":[31,81],"manipulate":[33],"signal":[34,93,98,120,173],"propagation":[35],"without":[36],"relying":[37],"beamforming":[39],"antenna":[40],"arrays":[41],"which":[42],"are":[43,149],"usually":[44],"unavailable":[45],"low-end":[47],"We":[50,152],"give":[51],"an":[52],"affirmative":[53],"by":[55],"introducing":[56],"SpotSound,":[57],"novel":[59],"acoustic":[60],"communication":[61],"system":[62],"that":[63,138,167],"exploits":[64],"the":[65,79,82,87,92,97,106,112,119,125],"diversity":[66],"of":[67],"multi-path":[68],"indoors":[69],"as":[70],"natural":[72],"<italic":[73],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[74,182,184,188,190],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">beamformer</i>.":[75],"By":[76],"judiciously":[77],"controlling":[78],"way":[80],"information":[83],"embedded":[85],"into":[86],"signal,":[88],"SpotSound":[89,116,132,154,168],"can":[90,117,139],"make":[91],"decodable":[94,122],"only":[95,123],"when":[96],"propagates":[99],"along":[100],"certain":[102],"multipath":[103,107],"channel.":[104],"Since":[105],"channel":[108],"decorrelates":[109],"rapidly":[110],"over":[111],"distance":[113],"between":[114],"receivers,":[115],"ensure":[118],"at":[124],"target":[126],"position,":[127],"achieving":[128],"precise":[129],"physical":[130],"isolation.":[131],"purely":[135],"software-based":[136],"solution":[137],"run":[140],"most":[142],"devices":[144],"where":[145],"speakers":[146],"and":[147,162],"microphones":[148],"widely":[150],"used.":[151],"implement":[153],"Raspberry":[156],"Pi":[157],"connected":[158],"with":[159,176],"COTS":[160],"microphone":[161],"speaker.":[163],"Experimental":[164],"results":[165],"show":[166],"could":[169],"precisely":[170],"focus":[171],"its":[172],"spots":[175],"customized":[177],"sizes":[178],"ranging":[179],"from":[180],"0.04<italic":[181],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">m</i><sup":[183,189],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[185],"0.5<italic":[187],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2026-01-05T00:00:00"}