{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417508837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3646167","title":"Comparative Analysis of Drift-Based and RL-Based Designs for Synchronized and Fresh Downlink Communication","display_name":"Comparative Analysis of Drift-Based and RL-Based Designs for Synchronized and Fresh Downlink Communication","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417508837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3646167"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2025.3646167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3646167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055779872","display_name":"Xujin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7429-2147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xujin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7429-2147","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047348004","display_name":"Irem Koprulu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0919-6471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irem Koprulu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0919-6471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076974020","display_name":"Atilla Ery\u0131lmaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5560-5806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atilla Eryilmaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5560-5806","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41126769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"2362","last_page":"2373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplicative-function","display_name":"Multiplicative function","score":0.5328999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5192000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5056999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4007999897003174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7145000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42747912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048447","display_name":"Multiplicative function","level":2,"score":0.5328999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5192000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5056999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.3653999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166109690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677422","display_name":"Action selection","level":3,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123757187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9195957","display_name":"Network dynamics","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2025.3646167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3646167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1423292295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-24-1-0103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1639068164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSF AI Institute (AI-EDGE) 2112471","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3405165046","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-19-1-2621","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3808563280","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-NeTS-2106679","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4500825157","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-NeTS-2007231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901187898","https://openalex.org/W1988298462","https://openalex.org/W1993918491","https://openalex.org/W2009215512","https://openalex.org/W2019687437","https://openalex.org/W2024481357","https://openalex.org/W2081320273","https://openalex.org/W2109094293","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2153407142","https://openalex.org/W2170239483","https://openalex.org/W2565612488","https://openalex.org/W2587096957","https://openalex.org/W2744248483","https://openalex.org/W2811385491","https://openalex.org/W2892167295","https://openalex.org/W2915644299","https://openalex.org/W2939531416","https://openalex.org/W2946644546","https://openalex.org/W2947364945","https://openalex.org/W2961618073","https://openalex.org/W2963336322","https://openalex.org/W2994173306","https://openalex.org/W2996238281","https://openalex.org/W2996815539","https://openalex.org/W3048482018","https://openalex.org/W3120652158","https://openalex.org/W3154661073","https://openalex.org/W3184308328","https://openalex.org/W3186255636","https://openalex.org/W4285181815","https://openalex.org/W4289516273","https://openalex.org/W4390098242"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synchronized":[0],"and":[1,44,72,83,92,100,165,188,191,213,216],"fresh":[2],"communication":[3],"of":[4,41,70,134,183],"common":[5],"information":[6],"is":[7,33,96],"vitally":[8],"important":[9],"in":[10,111,146,149],"numerous":[11],"multi-user":[12],"network":[13],"scenarios,":[14],"whereby":[15],"end-users":[16],"must":[17],"perform":[18],"coordinated":[19],"real-time":[20],"action":[21],"with":[22,30,118,161,167],"the":[23,37,65,89,108,122,131,139,209],"available":[24],"information.":[25],"However,":[26],"developing":[27],"efficient":[28],"policies":[29],"performance":[31,140,196],"guarantees":[32],"greatly":[34],"complicated":[35],"by":[36,81],"abruptly":[38],"changing":[39],"nature":[40],"related":[42],"age":[43,71,91,186],"synchronization":[45,93],"metrics.":[46],"In":[47,74],"particular,":[48],"powerful":[49],"approaches":[50],"that":[51,95,137],"are":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54,130],"so-called":[55],"drift-plus-penalty":[56],"(DPP)":[57],"methods":[58,160],"could":[59],"not":[60,97],"be":[61,144,223],"employed":[62],"due":[63],"to":[64,174,198],"non-traditional":[66,90],"multiplicative":[67,150],"update":[68,151],"dynamics":[69,94],"synchronization.":[73],"this":[75],"paper,":[76],"we":[77,125,154],"overcome":[78],"these":[79],"limitations":[80],"designing":[82],"analyzing":[84],"a":[85,179],"Lyapunov-drift-based":[86],"algorithm":[87],"under":[88],"only":[98],"low-complexity":[99],"analyzable,":[101],"but":[102],"also":[103,126,217],"performs":[104,171],"better":[105],"than":[106],"all":[107],"prior":[109],"designs":[110],"numerical":[112],"investigations.":[113],"By":[114],"comparing":[115],"our":[116,135],"design":[117,136,221],"two":[119],"alternatives":[120],"using":[121,178],"DPP":[123],"approach,":[124],"shed":[127],"some":[128],"light":[129],"key":[132],"aspect":[133],"enables":[138],"analysis,":[141],"which":[142],"may":[143],"useful":[145],"future":[147],"studies":[148],"dynamics.":[152],"Furthermore,":[153],"implement":[155],"Feature-based":[156],"Reinforcement":[157],"Learning":[158],"(RL)":[159],"reduced":[162],"state":[163],"spaces":[164],"RL":[166,176,200,229],"full-state":[168,199],"observations.":[169],"Fresh-Async":[170],"very":[172],"closely":[173],"feature-based":[175],"method":[177],"feature":[180,226],"space":[181],"consisting":[182],"average":[184],"age,":[185,190],"asynchrony,":[187],"maximum":[189],"both":[192],"algorithms":[193],"exhibit":[194],"competitive":[195],"compared":[197],"while":[201],"maintaining":[202],"superior":[203],"computational":[204],"efficiency.":[205],"These":[206],"investigations":[207],"clarify":[208],"contrast":[210],"between":[211],"drift-based":[212,220],"RL-based":[214],"designs,":[215],"reveal":[218],"how":[219],"can":[222],"beneficial":[224],"for":[225,228],"selection":[227],"operation.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-14T23:40:02.550235","created_date":"2025-12-19T00:00:00"}