{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413472379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3598634","title":"Take the Long Way Home\u2014Distant Peering to the Cloud","display_name":"Take the Long Way Home\u2014Distant Peering to the Cloud","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413472379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3598634"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2025.3598634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3598634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044110819","display_name":"Esteban Carisimo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1622-2305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esteban Carisimo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1622-2305","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086979477","display_name":"Mia Weaver","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6034-3927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mia Weaver","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer, Data and Information Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer, Data and Information Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025609514","display_name":"Fabi\u00e1n E. Bustamante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7659-1527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabi\u00e1n E. Bustamante","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7659-1527","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043427561","display_name":"Paul Barford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7874-1819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Barford","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer, Data and Information Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7874-1819","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer, Data and Information Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29144771,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"398","last_page":"410"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11759","display_name":"Occupational Therapy Practice and Research","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11759","display_name":"Occupational Therapy Practice and Research","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12315","display_name":"Older Adults Driving Studies","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14007","display_name":"Indigenous and Place-Based Education","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peering","display_name":"Peering","score":0.9793893098831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6940038204193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3828147053718567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.332480788230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1807137131690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.1508392095565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.04977080225944519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95981142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q772532","display_name":"Peering","level":3,"score":0.9793893098831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6940038204193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3828147053718567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.332480788230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1807137131690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.1508392095565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.04977080225944519}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2025.3598634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3598634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G184818920","display_name":"SaTC: CORE: Large: Collaborative: Investigating the Susceptibility of the Internet Topology to Country-level Connectivity Disruption and Manipulation","funder_award_id":"1703592","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4652232483","display_name":"Collaborative Research: CNS Core: Medium: On the Criticality of the Submarine Cable Network","funder_award_id":"2107392","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5176677926","display_name":"EAGER: Internet Measurement Capability for FABRIC","funder_award_id":"2039146","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6402880341","display_name":"Collaborative Research: CNS Core: Medium: On the Criticality of the Submarine Cable Network","funder_award_id":"2106517","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142905850","https://openalex.org/W1492284411","https://openalex.org/W1828175806","https://openalex.org/W1988858663","https://openalex.org/W2010042481","https://openalex.org/W2020885974","https://openalex.org/W2026968382","https://openalex.org/W2027024324","https://openalex.org/W2040534455","https://openalex.org/W2044744030","https://openalex.org/W2046438299","https://openalex.org/W2054444754","https://openalex.org/W2063495160","https://openalex.org/W2068704438","https://openalex.org/W2081518064","https://openalex.org/W2100752355","https://openalex.org/W2107090346","https://openalex.org/W2130850880","https://openalex.org/W2162266953","https://openalex.org/W2163185671","https://openalex.org/W2274669138","https://openalex.org/W2294038694","https://openalex.org/W2403165337","https://openalex.org/W2501673088","https://openalex.org/W2808794490","https://openalex.org/W2892293940","https://openalex.org/W2900101584","https://openalex.org/W2981117838","https://openalex.org/W3013969829","https://openalex.org/W3038611379","https://openalex.org/W3093525904","https://openalex.org/W3094419698","https://openalex.org/W3094480867","https://openalex.org/W3145769022","https://openalex.org/W3172680569","https://openalex.org/W3210348154","https://openalex.org/W3210496466","https://openalex.org/W3210779499","https://openalex.org/W3217153411","https://openalex.org/W4214538222","https://openalex.org/W4281673138","https://openalex.org/W4324009320","https://openalex.org/W4380669389"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3110524642","https://openalex.org/W3165128667","https://openalex.org/W4281924170","https://openalex.org/W1561258167","https://openalex.org/W410534951","https://openalex.org/W3139861635","https://openalex.org/W2180109163"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"emergence":[1],"of":[2,20,23,31,48,84,91,98,110,120,169],"large":[3],"cloud":[4,41,138,152],"providers":[5,42,153],"in":[6,15,154],"the":[7,12,29,62,69,81,92,99,118,121,137,167],"last":[8],"decade":[9],"has":[10],"transformed":[11],"Internet,":[13],"resulting":[14],"a":[16,55],"seemingly":[17],"ever-growing":[18],"set":[19],"datacenters,":[21],"points":[22],"presence,":[24],"and":[25,125,145,160,181],"network":[26],"peers.":[27],"Despite":[28],"availability":[30],"closer":[32],"peering":[33,82,179],"locations,":[34,45],"some":[35,126],"networks":[36,64,93,111,134],"continue":[37],"to":[38,60,66,76,143,149,183],"peer":[39,67,94,150],"with":[40,68,136,151],"at":[43,113],"distant":[44,170],"traveling":[46],"thousands":[47],"kilometers.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51],"paper,":[52],"we":[53],"employ":[54],"novel":[56],"cloud-based":[57],"traceroute":[58],"campaign":[59],"characterize":[61],"distances":[63],"travel":[65,112],"cloud.":[70],"This":[71],"unique":[72],"approach":[73],"allows":[74],"us":[75],"gain":[77],"unprecedented":[78],"insights":[79],"into":[80],"patterns":[83],"networks.":[85],"Our":[86],"findings":[87],"reveal":[88],"that":[89,107],"50%":[90],"within":[95],"300":[96],"kilometers":[97,116],"nearest":[100,122],"datacenter.":[101],"However,":[102],"our":[103],"analysis":[104],"also":[105],"reveals":[106],"over":[108],"20%":[109],"least":[114],"6,700":[115],"beyond":[117],"proximity":[119],"computing":[123],"facility,":[124],"as":[127,129,175],"much":[128],"18,791":[130],"kilometers!":[131],"While":[132],"these":[133],"connect":[135],"worldwide,":[139],"from":[140,158],"South":[141],"America":[142],"Europe":[144],"Asia,":[146],"many":[147],"come":[148],"North":[155],"America,":[156],"even":[157],"Oceania":[159],"Asia.":[161],"We":[162],"explore":[163],"possible":[164],"motivations":[165],"for":[166],"persistence":[168],"peering,":[171],"discussing":[172],"factors":[173],"such":[174],"cost-effective":[176],"routes,":[177],"enhanced":[178],"opportunities,":[180],"access":[182],"exclusive":[184],"content.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
