{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411408872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3573839","title":"A Five-Year Retrospective of Cellular Reliability Evolution: The Encouraging, Disappointing, and Further Enhancements","display_name":"A Five-Year Retrospective of Cellular Reliability Evolution: The Encouraging, Disappointing, and Further Enhancements","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411408872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3573839"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2025.3573839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3573839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101877973","display_name":"Yunhao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-9200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunhao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100701041","display_name":"Hongyi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0034-0074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077532419","display_name":"Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3180-3511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357922","display_name":"Zhenhua Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7286-122X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenhua Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031924174","display_name":"Guoquan Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoquan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiaomi Technology Company Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiaomi Technology Company Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102568835","display_name":"Lei Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiaomi Technology Company Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiaomi Technology Company Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101877973"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13674736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"5","first_page":"2690","last_page":"2705"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10928","display_name":"Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design","score":0.5565999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10928","display_name":"Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design","score":0.5565999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5769132971763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4862155020236969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3644580841064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15650153160095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14868488907814026}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5769132971763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4862155020236969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3644580841064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15650153160095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14868488907814026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ton.2025.3573839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2025.3573839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042750","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"2998-4157","issn":["2998-4157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4308740167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62332012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G683624908","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62441233","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1628590197","https://openalex.org/W1921873222","https://openalex.org/W1971278954","https://openalex.org/W1971841691","https://openalex.org/W2049577911","https://openalex.org/W2050600889","https://openalex.org/W2083977104","https://openalex.org/W2094396694","https://openalex.org/W2138382726","https://openalex.org/W2164176259","https://openalex.org/W2253691434","https://openalex.org/W2408823337","https://openalex.org/W2519073740","https://openalex.org/W2595090509","https://openalex.org/W2610322235","https://openalex.org/W2625304072","https://openalex.org/W2769786654","https://openalex.org/W2769967491","https://openalex.org/W2854921244","https://openalex.org/W2896255269","https://openalex.org/W2903338609","https://openalex.org/W2940859338","https://openalex.org/W2966844398","https://openalex.org/W3012937069","https://openalex.org/W3016001256","https://openalex.org/W3046577719","https://openalex.org/W3046918521","https://openalex.org/W3088582043","https://openalex.org/W3162273152","https://openalex.org/W3189927210","https://openalex.org/W4237677199","https://openalex.org/W4401176312","https://openalex.org/W4408633336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033512842","https://openalex.org/W4233600955","https://openalex.org/W4322734194","https://openalex.org/W3116237489","https://openalex.org/W4404996554","https://openalex.org/W2913665393","https://openalex.org/W2369695847","https://openalex.org/W3005535424","https://openalex.org/W2994319598","https://openalex.org/W2047067935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"recent":[1],"advances":[2],"on":[3,161],"cellular":[4,10,12,27,67,140,152,170,181],"technologies":[5],"pushing":[6],"the":[7,73,77,104,108],"boundary":[8],"of":[9,19,66,72,111,118],"performance,":[11],"reliability":[13,153,171],"has":[14],"become":[15],"a":[16,32,40,95],"key":[17],"concern":[18],"their":[20],"adoption":[21],"and":[22,43,56,142,187],"deployment.":[23],"To":[24],"fully":[25],"understand":[26],"reliability,":[28],"we":[29,158],"work":[30,146],"with":[31,52,173],"major":[33],"Android":[34],"phone":[35],"vendor,":[36],"Xiaomi,":[37],"to":[38,128,138,164],"conduct":[39],"long-term":[41],"(2020-2024)":[42],"large-scale":[44],"(involving":[45],"123M":[46],"users)":[47],"measurement":[48,61],"study":[49],"in":[50,69,76],"China,":[51],"coarse-grained":[53],"general":[54],"statistics":[55],"fine-grained":[57],"sampling":[58],"diagnostics.":[59],"Our":[60,100,145],"reveals":[62],"contrasting":[63],"evolution":[64],"trends":[65],"failures":[68,81,90,183],"different":[70],"stages":[71],"data":[74],"connection:":[75],"past":[78],"five":[79],"years,":[80],"after":[82],"connection":[83,92,182],"establishment":[84],"decrease":[85],"remarkably":[86],"(by":[87,98],"29%),":[88],"while":[89],"during":[91],"setup":[93],"exhibit":[94],"sharp":[96],"increase":[97],"38%).":[99],"analysis":[101],"illustrates":[102],"that":[103,167],"contrast":[105],"stems":[106],"from":[107,125,135],"joint":[109],"impact":[110],"multiple":[112],"stakeholders,":[113],"including":[114],"ISPs\u2019":[115],"increasing":[116],"deployment":[117],"5G":[119,122,185],"base":[120],"stations,":[121],"infrastructure":[123],"upgrade":[124],"NSA":[126],"(Non-Standalone)":[127],"SA":[129],"(Standalone)":[130],"mode,":[131],"software":[132],"defects":[133],"coming":[134],"Android\u2019s":[136],"adaptation":[137],"new":[139],"technologies,":[141],"so":[143],"forth.":[144],"provides":[147],"actionable":[148],"insights":[149,163],"for":[150,184],"improving":[151],"at":[154],"scale.":[155],"More":[156],"importantly,":[157],"have":[159,178],"built":[160],"our":[162],"develop":[165],"enhancements":[166],"effectively":[168],"address":[169],"issues":[172],"remarkable":[174],"real-world":[175],"impact\u2014our":[176],"optimizations":[177],"reduced":[179],"38%":[180],"phones":[186],"31%":[188],"failure":[189],"recovery":[190],"time":[191],"across":[192],"all":[193],"phones.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}