{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283784520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2022.3187759","title":"Intensity-Adjustable Non-Contact Cold Sensation Presentation Based on the Vortex Effect","display_name":"Intensity-Adjustable Non-Contact Cold Sensation Presentation Based on the Vortex Effect","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283784520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2022.3187759","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35776813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/toh.2022.3187759","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2022.3187759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38993383","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","issn_l":"1939-1412","issn":["1939-1412","2329-4051","2334-0134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.13229","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089632823","display_name":"Jiayi Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3675-5902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiayi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Technology, Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3675-5902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Technology, Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045913211","display_name":"Shunsuke Yoshimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8583-6699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunsuke Yoshimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8583-6699","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004504893","display_name":"Naoto Ienaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4420-6361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naoto Ienaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4420-6361","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025834544","display_name":"Yoshihiro Kuroda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4511-8195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshihiro Kuroda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4511-8195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089632823"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0623,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76127712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"592","last_page":"602"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11109","display_name":"Thermoregulation and physiological responses","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11109","display_name":"Thermoregulation and physiological responses","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10971","display_name":"Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies","score":0.9085999727249146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensation","display_name":"Sensation","score":0.47959911823272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","score":0.4739114046096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-temperature","display_name":"Skin temperature","score":0.4588746130466461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.4338025152683258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.4127790927886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.40109387040138245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38206782937049866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3486325740814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3355804681777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.26670700311660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26595717668533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2538256049156189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.17331522703170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.11912864446640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10111802816390991}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130093455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173253","display_name":"Sensation","level":2,"score":0.47959911823272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4739114046096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019079563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67173088","display_name":"Skin temperature","level":2,"score":0.4588746130466461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.4338025152683258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.4127790927886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.40109387040138245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38206782937049866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3486325740814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3355804681777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26670700311660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26595717668533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2538256049156189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17331522703170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.11912864446640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10111802816390991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003080","descriptor_name":"Cold Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003080","descriptor_name":"Cold Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003080","descriptor_name":"Cold Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006358","descriptor_name":"Hot Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006358","descriptor_name":"Hot Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006358","descriptor_name":"Hot Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012677","descriptor_name":"Sensation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012677","descriptor_name":"Sensation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012677","descriptor_name":"Sensation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012881","descriptor_name":"Skin Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012881","descriptor_name":"Skin Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012881","descriptor_name":"Skin Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/toh.2022.3187759","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2022.3187759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38993383","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","issn_l":"1939-1412","issn":["1939-1412","2329-4051","2334-0134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35776813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35776813","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on haptics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2208.13229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.13229","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.13229","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2208.13229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.13229","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.13229","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185554820","https://openalex.org/W936665671","https://openalex.org/W1511198581","https://openalex.org/W1555966755","https://openalex.org/W1964647282","https://openalex.org/W1973182858","https://openalex.org/W1982349116","https://openalex.org/W1982461311","https://openalex.org/W2008686692","https://openalex.org/W2037310396","https://openalex.org/W2050775449","https://openalex.org/W2051613742","https://openalex.org/W2093712458","https://openalex.org/W2096726857","https://openalex.org/W2102087234","https://openalex.org/W2102163580","https://openalex.org/W2116285432","https://openalex.org/W2142061055","https://openalex.org/W2154704662","https://openalex.org/W2160541069","https://openalex.org/W2243622568","https://openalex.org/W2396296416","https://openalex.org/W2416267582","https://openalex.org/W2575482212","https://openalex.org/W2582976013","https://openalex.org/W2611096819","https://openalex.org/W2739865786","https://openalex.org/W2802289587","https://openalex.org/W2945110449","https://openalex.org/W2970935465","https://openalex.org/W3012549619","https://openalex.org/W3031204245","https://openalex.org/W3164212359","https://openalex.org/W4211018387","https://openalex.org/W4233595534","https://openalex.org/W4239526824","https://openalex.org/W4253032301","https://openalex.org/W4254077372","https://openalex.org/W4283784520","https://openalex.org/W6712118455","https://openalex.org/W6762271739"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2504004674","https://openalex.org/W2963177394","https://openalex.org/W2498744856","https://openalex.org/W4390482104","https://openalex.org/W322408318","https://openalex.org/W149041114","https://openalex.org/W1965815883","https://openalex.org/W763418848","https://openalex.org/W2372891741","https://openalex.org/W2347732485"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cold":[0],"sensations":[1,26,45,170,183],"of":[2,18,74,86,147,155,171],"varying":[3,172,178],"intensities":[4,173],"are":[5],"perceived":[6],"when":[7],"human":[8],"skin":[9,66,101,140],"is":[10,21],"subject":[11],"to":[12,23,40,55,96,103,121,193],"diverse":[13],"environments.":[14],"The":[15,72],"accurate":[16],"presentation":[17],"temperature":[19,67,102,141],"changes":[20,99],"important":[22],"elicit":[24,41],"immersive":[25,196],"in":[27,100,139,158],"applications":[28],"such":[29,106],"as":[30,107],"virtual":[31],"reality.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34,53],"article,":[35],"we":[36,91,126,151],"developed":[37],"a":[38,69,93,143,156],"method":[39],"intensity-adjustable":[42],"non-contact":[43],"cold":[44,57,88,109,118,160,169,182],"based":[46,163],"on":[47,164],"the":[48,65,82,87,98,108,117,122,137,153,165,179],"vortex":[49],"effect.":[50],"We":[51],"applied":[52],"effect":[54],"generate":[56],"air":[58,110,119],"at":[59],"approximately":[60],"0":[61],"<sup>\u00b0</sup>C":[62],"and":[63,114,130,190,197],"varied":[64],"over":[68],"wide":[70],"range.":[71],"perception":[73],"different":[75],"temperatures":[76],"can":[77,135,174,184],"be":[78,175,185],"elicited":[79],"by":[80,177],"adjusting":[81],"volume":[83,111],"flow":[84,112],"rate":[85,113],"air.":[89],"Additionally,":[90],"introduced":[92],"cooling":[94],"model":[95,134],"relate":[97],"various":[104],"parameters":[105],"distance":[115],"from":[116],"outlet":[120],"skin.":[123],"For":[124],"validation,":[125],"conducted":[127],"measurement":[128],"experiments":[129,162],"found":[131],"that":[132],"our":[133],"estimate":[136],"change":[138],"with":[142,187],"root":[144],"mean-square":[145],"error":[146],"0.16":[148],"<sup>\u00b0</sup>C.":[149],"Furthermore,":[150],"evaluated":[152],"performance":[154],"prototype":[157],"psychophysical":[159],"discrimination":[161,166],"threshold.":[167],"Thus,":[168],"generated":[176],"parameters.":[180],"These":[181],"combined":[186],"images,":[188],"sounds,":[189],"other":[191],"stimuli":[192],"create":[194],"an":[195],"realistic":[198],"artificial":[199],"environment.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
