{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999429860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2020.2965946","title":"Reducing Amplitude Fluctuation by Gradual Phase Shift in Midair Ultrasound Haptics","display_name":"Reducing Amplitude Fluctuation by Gradual Phase Shift in Midair Ultrasound Haptics","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999429860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2020.2965946","mag":"2999429860","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31944989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/toh.2020.2965946","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2020.2965946","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4543165/9032083/08960301.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38993383","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","issn_l":"1939-1412","issn":["1939-1412","2329-4051","2334-0134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4543165/9032083/08960301.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055369139","display_name":"Shun Suzuki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8431-6664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shun Suzuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8431-6664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041413020","display_name":"Masahiro Fujiwara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-1773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masahiro Fujiwara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067545363","display_name":"Yasutoshi Makino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9362-4407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasutoshi Makino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9362-4407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007429654","display_name":"Hiroyuki Shinoda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-430X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroyuki Shinoda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-430X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8276,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84534713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"87","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.7947877645492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.7699774503707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.6739652156829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.627956748008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.6254838705062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.6034086346626282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5301830172538757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4801051914691925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound","display_name":"Ultrasound","score":0.4796067476272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4254327118396759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.42480552196502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.358059287071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3511252701282501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.25227755308151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.16990724205970764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14907339215278625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.7947877645492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.7699774503707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.6739652156829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.627956748008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.6254838705062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.6034086346626282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5301830172538757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4801051914691925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.4796067476272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4254327118396759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.42480552196502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.358059287071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3511252701282501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.25227755308151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.16990724205970764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14907339215278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069453","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonic Waves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069453","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonic Waves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069453","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonic Waves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055698","descriptor_name":"Touch Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055698","descriptor_name":"Touch Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055698","descriptor_name":"Touch Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056228","descriptor_name":"Feedback, Sensory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056228","descriptor_name":"Feedback, Sensory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056228","descriptor_name":"Feedback, Sensory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/toh.2020.2965946","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2020.2965946","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4543165/9032083/08960301.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38993383","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","issn_l":"1939-1412","issn":["1939-1412","2329-4051","2334-0134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31944989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31944989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on haptics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/toh.2020.2965946","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2020.2965946","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4543165/9032083/08960301.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38993383","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","issn_l":"1939-1412","issn":["1939-1412","2329-4051","2334-0134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6328055928","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16H06303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6718509927","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CREST","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7338797862","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Scientific Research (S) 16H06303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7821282032","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJCR18A2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","funder_display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999429860.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999429860.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521250003","https://openalex.org/W1554455935","https://openalex.org/W2031633662","https://openalex.org/W2040464349","https://openalex.org/W2077250325","https://openalex.org/W2087453992","https://openalex.org/W2103802786","https://openalex.org/W2123917150","https://openalex.org/W2398442188","https://openalex.org/W2520459367","https://openalex.org/W2537863445","https://openalex.org/W2726883327","https://openalex.org/W2785544215","https://openalex.org/W2805477518","https://openalex.org/W2806113376","https://openalex.org/W2964688377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036697162","https://openalex.org/W2561315646","https://openalex.org/W2332386680","https://openalex.org/W2248621902","https://openalex.org/W2003779889","https://openalex.org/W4205698120","https://openalex.org/W4239246781","https://openalex.org/W2542825942","https://openalex.org/W3201620972","https://openalex.org/W1496421768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ultrasound":[0],"emitted":[1,47],"from":[2],"an":[3],"array":[4],"of":[5,19,39,46,101],"transducers":[6],"can":[7],"produce":[8],"various":[9,67],"tactile":[10],"sensations":[11],"by":[12,106],"temporally":[13],"controlling":[14],"the":[15,20,23,40,89,94,99,102],"phase":[16,37],"and":[17,70,79,91,111],"amplitude":[18,44],"transducers.":[21],"However,":[22],"controllability":[24],"in":[25,62],"haptic":[26,114],"applications":[27],"has":[28],"not":[29],"been":[30],"well":[31],"examined.":[32],"This":[33],"article":[34],"clarifies":[35],"a":[36,51,85,107],"shift":[38],"driving":[41,53],"signal":[42],"causes":[43],"fluctuation":[45,90,105],"ultrasound,":[48],"even":[49],"under":[50],"constant":[52],"amplitude.":[54],"We":[55,82],"demonstrate":[56],"theoretically":[57],"that":[58,73],"this":[59],"problem":[60],"exists":[61],"general":[63],"resonant":[64],"systems":[65],"with":[66],"quality":[68],"factors,":[69],"point":[71],"out":[72],"it":[74],"produces":[75],"radiation":[76],"force":[77,104],"decrease":[78],"audible":[80],"noise.":[81],"also":[83],"show":[84],"method":[86],"to":[87],"reduce":[88],"quantitatively":[92],"evaluate":[93],"effectiveness.":[95],"The":[96],"results":[97],"provide":[98],"measure":[100],"displayed":[103],"fast":[108],"focus":[109],"movement":[110],"enable":[112],"silent":[113],"stimulation.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
