{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2890148258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2018.2861010","title":"A Phonemic-Based Tactile Display for Speech Communication","display_name":"A Phonemic-Based Tactile Display for Speech Communication","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2890148258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2018.2861010","mag":"2890148258","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30059321"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/toh.2018.2861010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2018.2861010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38993383","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","issn_l":"1939-1412","issn":["1939-1412","2329-4051","2334-0134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023750982","display_name":"Charlotte M. Reed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1680-1913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charlotte M. Reed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017494050","display_name":"Hong Z. Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0032-9554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802964274","display_name":"Interface (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nvtmr42","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Z. Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080968979","display_name":"Zachary D. Perez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zachary D. Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113811222","display_name":"Eve Wilson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Courtenay Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051412711","display_name":"Frederico M. Severgnini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4693-6211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802964274","display_name":"Interface (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nvtmr42","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederico M. Severgnini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081704929","display_name":"Jaehong Jung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802964274","display_name":"Interface (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nvtmr42","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehong Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041096532","display_name":"Juan S. Martinez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5457-3790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802964274","display_name":"Interface (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nvtmr42","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan S. Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101881129","display_name":"Yang Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-3267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802964274","display_name":"Interface (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nvtmr42","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Haptic Interface Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I2802964274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078751021","display_name":"Ali Israr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Israr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040397584","display_name":"Frances Lau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frances Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052527745","display_name":"Keith Klumb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keith Klumb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015650351","display_name":"Robert G. Turcott","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Turcott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008066011","display_name":"Freddy Abnousi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Freddy Abnousi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023750982"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2182,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96257788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"2","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12032","display_name":"Multisensory perception and integration","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6431498527526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6389133930206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5714982748031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vowel","display_name":"Vowel","score":0.5177461504936218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.488679438829422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consonant","display_name":"Consonant","score":0.4352005124092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18396198749542236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6431498527526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6389133930206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5714982748031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.5177461504936218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.488679438829422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778203577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38035","display_name":"Consonant","level":3,"score":0.4352005124092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18396198749542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003143","descriptor_name":"Communication Aids for Disabled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003143","descriptor_name":"Communication Devices for People with Disabilities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003143","descriptor_name":"Communication Devices for People with Disabilities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010700","descriptor_name":"Phonetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010700","descriptor_name":"Phonetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010700","descriptor_name":"Phonetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013067","descriptor_name":"Speech Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013067","descriptor_name":"Speech Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013067","descriptor_name":"Speech Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055698","descriptor_name":"Touch Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055698","descriptor_name":"Touch Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055698","descriptor_name":"Touch Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/toh.2018.2861010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/toh.2018.2861010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38993383","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","issn_l":"1939-1412","issn":["1939-1412","2329-4051","2334-0134"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30059321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30059321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on haptics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308737","display_name":"Facebook","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126582419","https://openalex.org/W154566603","https://openalex.org/W177209581","https://openalex.org/W623439416","https://openalex.org/W1588530204","https://openalex.org/W1825670802","https://openalex.org/W1966016888","https://openalex.org/W1967273673","https://openalex.org/W1974882488","https://openalex.org/W1984314602","https://openalex.org/W1989062072","https://openalex.org/W1991354667","https://openalex.org/W1996269124","https://openalex.org/W2002945352","https://openalex.org/W2012571009","https://openalex.org/W2017237456","https://openalex.org/W2018031444","https://openalex.org/W2021800436","https://openalex.org/W2032398152","https://openalex.org/W2033190454","https://openalex.org/W2043494787","https://openalex.org/W2050770692","https://openalex.org/W2068746569","https://openalex.org/W2070982779","https://openalex.org/W2075281131","https://openalex.org/W2082463981","https://openalex.org/W2092607849","https://openalex.org/W2094858845","https://openalex.org/W2095182184","https://openalex.org/W2098339890","https://openalex.org/W2116396066","https://openalex.org/W2129396254","https://openalex.org/W2148329528","https://openalex.org/W2162699155","https://openalex.org/W2168961642","https://openalex.org/W2414348703","https://openalex.org/W2419012928","https://openalex.org/W2508471752","https://openalex.org/W2579555219","https://openalex.org/W2600535557","https://openalex.org/W2610529440","https://openalex.org/W2795369046","https://openalex.org/W2805391359","https://openalex.org/W4246406755","https://openalex.org/W6605159861","https://openalex.org/W6606229452","https://openalex.org/W6607102698","https://openalex.org/W6635134335","https://openalex.org/W6751645022"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964706935","https://openalex.org/W2020946215","https://openalex.org/W2801025542","https://openalex.org/W1966580183","https://openalex.org/W2002773879","https://openalex.org/W2083136263","https://openalex.org/W4213283234","https://openalex.org/W4252296115","https://openalex.org/W2373394249","https://openalex.org/W2906310393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"a":[1,22,29,150,174],"long":[2],"history":[3],"of":[4,8,16,38,45,63,82,99,113,116,132,143,154,163,173],"research,":[5],"the":[6,14,36,54,83,90,100,114,122,140,171,182],"development":[7],"synthetic":[9],"tactual":[10],"aids":[11],"to":[12,20,92,120,129,160],"support":[13,170],"communication":[15],"speech":[17,32,179],"has":[18],"proven":[19],"be":[21],"difficult":[23],"task.":[24],"The":[25,42,86,125,147],"current":[26],"paper":[27],"describes":[28],"new":[30],"tactile":[31,40,72,93,123,145,183],"device":[33,43],"based":[34],"on":[35,139],"presentation":[37],"phonemic-based":[39,175],"codes.":[41,146],"consists":[44],"24":[46],"tactors":[47],"under":[48],"independent":[49],"control":[50],"for":[51,76,88,109,177],"stimulation":[52],"at":[53],"forearm.":[55],"Using":[56],"properties":[57,98],"that":[58],"include":[59],"frequency":[60],"and":[61,68,79,97,134],"waveform":[62],"stimulation,":[64],"amplitude,":[65],"spatial":[66],"location,":[67],"movement":[69],"characteristics,":[70],"unique":[71],"codes":[73,103],"were":[74,127],"designed":[75],"39":[77,144],"consonant":[78],"vowel":[80],"phonemes":[81,91],"English":[84],"language.":[85],"strategy":[87],"mapping":[89],"symbols":[94],"is":[95],"described,":[96],"individual":[101],"phonemic":[102],"are":[104,107],"provided.":[105],"Results":[106],"reported":[108],"an":[110],"exploratory":[111],"study":[112],"ability":[115],"10":[117],"young":[118],"adults":[119],"identify":[121,130],"symbols.":[124],"participants":[126],"trained":[128],"sets":[131],"consonants":[133],"vowels,":[135],"before":[136],"being":[137],"tested":[138],"full":[141],"set":[142],"results":[148,169],"indicate":[149],"mean":[151],"recognition":[152],"rate":[153],"86":[155],"percent":[156],"correct":[157],"within":[158],"one":[159],"four":[161],"hours":[162],"training":[164],"across":[165],"participants.":[166],"Thus,":[167],"these":[168],"viability":[172],"approach":[176],"conveying":[178],"information":[180],"through":[181],"sense.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
